- Encoding:
Convert data from one format to another, For transmission/Storage, Reversible. eg. URL encoding, Base64 encoding.
- Encryption:
Plain text to Cipher text, For Securing transmission/Storage data, Reversible. eg. AES, RSA, SSL/TLS Encryption
- Hashing:
Convert Input data of any size into a Fixed-size string, For data integrity and verification, Non-Reversible. eg. MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256 for Password storage & file integrity check
Used to trace the route that a data packet takes from a source to destination
- Map s the Private IP to Public IPs & vice versa.
- The router uses NAT to translate the private IP addresses of the devices (e.g., 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3) to the router’s public IP address when accessing the internet.
+-------------------+ +---------------------+ +---------------+
| Private Network | | Router | | Public Network|
| | | | | (The Internet)|
| +--------------+ | | +----------------+ | | |
| | 192.168.1.2 |-------> | | Public IP: | |------>| |
| | (Device 1) | | | | 203.0.113.5 | | | |
| +--------------+ | | |----------------| | | |
| +--------------+ | | | Private IP: | | | |
| | 192.168.1.3 |-------> | | 192.168.1.1 | | | |
| | (Device 2) | | | +----------------+ | | |
| +--------------+ | +---------------------+ +---------------+
+-------------------+
Allow a secure & encrypted connection to access the internet or private network through a remote user.