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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
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<title>Legislative Proposals</title>
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<div>Legislative Proposals</div>
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<p>
We are a student team from Dalian University of technology.
During the process of studying plastic degradation, we found
that the domestic plastic pollution has not been well solved
yet while it has formed a mature governance system at abroad.
Through research and interviews among specialists, we believe
that the problem of plastics has become a global problem and is
becoming more and more serious due to it is small and difficult to
degrade. Thus, we suggest that the relevant laws of controlling plastic
pollution should be improved as soon as possible in order to pave
the way for the development and industrialization of plastics garbage
disposal in China.
</p>
</article>
<article class="article">
<h1>1 The urgent need to develop and improve the related laws and regulations</h1>
<h2>1.1 The status of plastics pollution</h2>
<p>Plastics are widely used in production and life
and are important basic materials. Nonstandard production
and use of plastic products and recycling and disposal of
plastic waste will cause waste of energy and resources
and environmental pollution, and increase the pressure
on resources and environment. Currently, large amounts
of plastic debris are entering landfills or are left
as waste accumulated in natural world, and it's a public
emergency to prevent its release and accumulation in the
environment via appropriate biological, chemical, and physical treatments.
</p>
<p>In August 2021, the United Nations Biodiversity Organization released the document "The global plastic crisis is
imminent". More than 180 countries and regions passed the plastic waste amendment of the Basel Convention,
calling on human beings to minimize the generation of plastic waste and carry out environmentally sound
management.</p>
<h2>1.2 The domestic control of plastic pollution in China</h2>
<p>In China, as one of the world's top 10 producers and consumers of plastic products, Chinese natural environment
and city are faced with severe plastic pollution and high recycling pressure. In 2020, China produced 70.302
million tons of plastics and imported nearly 450 thousand tons. The total consumption of plastics in China in
2019 was about 90.877 million tons, of which millions of tons were used for packaging. Most of the plastic used
for packaging is discarded in the environment in the form of waste film, plastic bags and cutlery. In terms of
consumption level, the consumption of bottle-grade PET in China continues to grow from 6.33 million tons in 2016
to 9.49 million tons in 2020. In 2020, the total consumption of PET bottles in China reached 9.49 million tons.
Although the export volume decreased to 2.34 million tons due to the epidemic in 2020, accounting for 24.7% of
the total consumption, the domestic demand continued to expand, reaching 7.15 million tons. All these demands
and consumptions have caused severe challenges in environment, especially for over accumulation of frequently
used plastic form, PET, in biosphere.
</p>
</article>
<article class="article">
<h1>2 The urgent need for NPC Standing Committee to issue relevant laws and regulations on plastic pollution</h1>
<h2>2.1 The introduction of plastic pollution related laws is in line with the short-term goal of the NPC Standing
Committee.</h2>
<p>According to the opinions of the Ministry of ecological environment of the national development and Reform
Commission on Further Strengthening the treatment of plastic pollution, more attention will be paid to the field
of ecological and environmental protection this year. In particular, we should attach great importance to
strengthening legislation and revising ecological and environmental protection laws. For example, it is
prohibited to produce and sell ultra-thin plastic shopping bags and ultra-thin polyethylene agricultural film.
It is prohibited to manufacture plastic products with medical waste as raw materials. The import of waste
plastics is completely prohibited.</p>
<h2>2.2 The introduction of relevant laws on plastic pollution is conducive to the standardization of the
application
of evidence rules in the arbitration and litigation stages of plastic pollution related cases.</h2>
<p>We think, the laws promulgated by the NPC Standing Committee can be applied to the whole country and can be used
as the basis for the court to decide directly. We suggests that a special law for plastic pollution should be
established in China to avoid the loss of credibility of arbitration award or court award due to the
inconsistency of arbitration and litigation award standards. Also, if laws and regulations are promulgated by
other relevant departments, the order of application in law is lower than that promulgated by the NPC Standing
Committee.</p>
<h2>2.3 The law on plastic pollution issued by the NPC Standing Committee can be more authoritative.</h2>
<p>The NPC Standing Committee, as a permanent organ of the highest legislature in China, enjoys the highest
legislative power, so the revised bill on plastic pollution made by NPC Standing Committee can be applied
nationwide, which will supply a gap of the law related to plastics.</p>
</article>
<article class="article">
<h1>3 Conception of the draft related to plastic pollution</h1>
<h2>3.1 Sorting out the existing laws</h2>
<p>At present, there is a gap in laws related to plastic pollution in China. We have collected the domestic and
foreign laws and obtained some inspiration from the determination of aerobic biodegradability of single-layer
and multi-layer coatings issued by the D20 plastics Committee. We have consulted experts at home and abroad who
study in plastic pollution, and their suggestions will serve as a supplement. Good Manufacturing Practice.</p>
<h2>3.2 Draft concept</h2>
<h3>Chapter I General Principles</h3>
<h4>Article 1</h4>
<p>This law is formulated to protect and improve the living environment and ecological environment, prevent
pollution and other public hazards, and protect human health.</p>
<h4>Article 2</h4>
<p>The term "environment" in this law refers to the totality of various natural and artificially modified natural
factors that affect the survival and development of human beings, including the atmosphere, water, ocean, land,
mineral deposits, forests, grasslands, wildlife, and nature. Relics, cultural relics, nature reserves, scenic
spots, cities and villages, etc.</p>
<h4>Article 3</h4>
<p>This law applies to the territory of the People's Republic of China and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of
the People's Republic of China.</p>
<h4>Article 4</h4>
<p>The plastic pollution control plan formulated by the state must be incorporated into the national economic and
social development plan. The state adopts economic and technical policies and measures that are conducive to
plastic pollution control to coordinate the plastic pollution control work with economic construction and social
development.</p>
<h4>Article 5</h4>
<p>The State encourages the development of scientific education for plastic pollution control, strengthens the
research and development of plastic pollution control science and technology, improves the scientific and
technological level of plastic pollution control, and popularizes scientific knowledge of plastic pollution
control.</p>
<h4>Article 6</h4>
<p>All units and individuals have the obligation to protect the environment and have the right to report and sue
those units and individuals that pollute and damage the environment.</p>
<h4>Article 7</h4>
<p>The environmental protection administrative department of the State Council shall implement unified supervision
and management of the national plastic pollution control work. The environmental protection administrative
department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall implement unified supervision and
management of the plastic pollution control work in the area under its jurisdiction. The national maritime
administrative department, port supervision, fishery and fishing port supervision, military environmental
protection departments, and various levels of public security, transportation, railway, and civil aviation
management departments shall supervise and manage the prevention and control of plastic pollution in accordance
with relevant laws. The land, mineral, forestry, agriculture, and water conservancy administrative departments
of the people's government at or above the county level shall supervise and manage the protection of resources
in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws.</p>
<h4>Article 8</h4>
<p>Units and individuals that have made remarkable achievements in the treatment of plastic pollution shall be
rewarded by the people's government.</p>
</article>
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