Part of this chapter is based on tutorials by Geek Girls Carrots (http://django.carrots.pl/).
Parts of this chapter is based on the django-marcador tutorial licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The django-marcador tutorial is copyrighted by Markus Zapke-Gründemann et al.
We're going to create a simple blog!
The first step towards creating it is starting a new Django project. Basically, this means that we'll run some scripts provided by Django that will create the skeleton of a Django project for us: a bunch of directories and files that we will later use.
The names of some files and directories are very important for Django. You should not rename the files that we are about to create. Moving them to a different place is also not a good idea. Django needs to maintain a certain structure in order to be able to find important things.
In console you should run (remember that you don't type (myvenv) ~/djangogirls$, ok?):
Remember to run everything in the virtualenv. If you don't see a prefix
(myvenv)in your console you need to activate your virtualenv. We explained how to that in Django installation chapter in Working with virtualenv part.
Run on Linux or Mac OS:
(myvenv) ~/djangogirls$ django-admin.py startproject mysite .
or on Windows:
(myvenv) ~/djangogirls$ python myvenv\Scripts\django-admin.py startproject mysite .
django-admin.py is a script that will create the directories and files for you. You should now have a directory structure which looks like this:
manage.py
│
└───mysite
settings.py
urls.py
wsgi.py
__init__.py
manage.py is a script that helps with management of the site. With it we will be able to start a web server on our computer without installing anything else, amongst other things.
The settings.py file contains the configuration of your website.
Remember when we talked about a postman checking where to deliver a letter? urls.py file contains a list of patterns used by urlresolver.
Let's ignore the other files for now - we won't change them. The only thing to remember is to not delete them by accident!
Let's make some changes in mysite/settings.py.
It would be nice to have the correct time on our website. You should find lines that contain USE_TZ and TIME_ZONE and modify them to look like this:
USE_TZ = False
TIME_ZONE = 'Europe/Berlin'
There's a lot of different database software that can store data for your site. We'll use the default one, sqlite3.
This is already set up in this part of your mysite/settings.py file:
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}
To create a database for our blog, let's run the following in the console: python manage.py syncdb (we need to be the djangogirls directory that contains the manage.py file). If that goes well, you should see something like this:
(myvenv) ~/djangogirls$ python manage.py syncdb
Creating tables ...
Creating table django_admin_log
Creating table auth_permission
Creating table auth_group_permissions
Creating table auth_group
Creating table auth_user_groups
Creating table auth_user_user_permissions
Creating table auth_user
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session
You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined.
Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes
Username (leave blank to use 'Name'):
Email address: admin@example.com
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.
Installing custom SQL ...
Installing indexes ...
Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)
It will ask you if you want to create a superuser - a user which has control over everything on the site. Type yes, press enter and type your username (lowercase, no spaces), email address and password when you're asked for them. Remember this username and password! We'll use it later.
And we're done! Time to start the web server and see if our website is working!
You need to be in the directory that contains the manage.py file (the djangogirls directory). In the console, we can start the web server by running python manage.py runserver:
(myvenv) ~/djangogirls$ python manage.py runserver
Now all you need to do is check that your website is running - open your browser (Firefox, Chrome, Safari, Internet Explorer or whatever you use) and enter the address:
http://127.0.0.1:8000/
You can stop the web server again (e.g. to type other commands on the command prompt) by pressing CTRL+C - Control and C buttons together.
Congratulations! You've just created your first website and run it using a web server! Isn't that awesome?
Ready for the next step? It's time to create some content!