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chapter.tex
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\chapter[\Omy \& the \pwT]{\Omy \& the \pwT: Module I in Graduate Course on O-minimality and Applications}
\noindent This introductory part will focus primarily on setting up the setting in which we find ourselves working for most of the course. Highlights include ``\emph{what even is \omy?}'' and ``\emph{but how does that imply \pw?}'' -- and perhaps a favourite of mine: ``\emph{what is the \pwt?}''. While the latter two are answered in much more detail, later on, this part will take us at a reasonable pace through some of the significant results we'll find ourselves needing in a bit. In particular, we prove the monotonicity theorem (MT), define cell decompositions (CD) and much later on \emph{smooth} cell decompositions -- proving the Cell Decomposition theorem itself along the way. Later on, we discuss dimensionality and the agreement between the definable (or geometric) and algebraic (or model-theoretic) notions of the quantity -- something that will come to be quite useful to us later on. We finally end off with that promised discussion of \scds, although in comparison to other sections, it really is more a series of results and sketches (if that) of how one might prove these things, as they broadly build on either proof structures we will have seen before, or shouldn't be too hard in conjunction with a dusting off of everyone's favourite: \textit{Calculus: Early Transcendentals} -- of which I'm sure we all have a copy somewhere.
The prepared reader should find themselves acquainted with preliminary ideas in mathematical logic (nothing further than one would find in an undergraduate class on the subject) and the basics of field theory. Again, nothing further than an undergraduate would necessarily be expected to have encountered.
A reader should leave this section feeling themselves reasonably well-acquainted with some of the tools they might see themselves using in general sorts of proofs about \om structures and how they may go about proving or disproving something to be \om. Some preliminary notions of how this all fits into counting points of bounded height on curves may be coming to surface by the end of this part, but the novice reader would be well-forgiven were that not the case. They should, however, feel comfortable identifying what is `clearly' a definable set and be able to do some rudimentary reasoning on how we can use the finiteness and definability of one of a pair of complementary sets to say something about the definability of the other. The idea of cells and cell decompositions should be reasonably understood (at least \emph{intuitively} if not in full technical detail). The reader should have a map of sorts in their mind that sequentializes and connects the discussed matter in a reasonable and meaningful way -- as these preliminary ideas form the basis for the larger \lemmas and theorems to come. By the end of this part, the well-established reader should find the proof presented rather intuitive and even (hopefully) find that they belabour the points they make \emph{too} much for how clearly obvious they are.
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