train_sent

All
live
births
>
or
=
23
weeks
at
the
University
of
Vermont
in
1995
(
n
=
2395
)
were
retrospectively
analyzed
for
delivery
route
,
indication
for
cesarean
,
gestational
age
,
parity
,
and
practice
group
(
to
reflect
risk
status
)

The
total
cesarean
rate
was
14.4
%
(
344
of
2395
)
,
and
the
primary
rate
was
11.4
%
(
244
of
2144
)

Abnormal
presentation
was
the
most
common
indication
(
25.6
%
,
88
of
344
)

The
``
corrected
''
cesarean
rate
(
maternal-fetal
medicine
and
transported
patients
excluded
)
was
12.4
%
(
273
of
2194
)
,
and
the
``
corrected
''
primary
rate
was
9.6
%
(
190
of
1975
)

Arrest
of
dilation
was
the
most
common
indication
in
both
``
corrected
''
subgroups
(
23.4
and
24.6
%
,
respectively
)

Cesarean
rates
at
tertiary
care
hospitals
should
be
compared
with
rates
at
community
hospitals
only
after
correcting
for
dissimilar
patient
groups
or
gestational
age

In
the
third
trimester
,
the
amniotic
fluid
index
(
AFI
)
may
be
affected
by
maternal
fluid
status

We
hypothesize
that
as
temperature
increases
there
would
be
a
concomitant
decrease
in
AFI

From
June
11
to
August
16
,
1993
,
during
a
period
of
unusual
high
heat
,
42
women
with
singleton
pregnancies
between
27
and
40
weeks
'
gestation
undergoing
serial
antenatal
testing
had
AFI
determinations
recorded
at
least
weekly

The
daily
high
ambient
temperature
in
our
urban
area
was
subsequently
obtained

A
2-
,
3-
,
and
4-day
mean
temperature
prior
to
the
test
date
was
compared
to
AFI
using
a
Spearman-rank
Correlation

This
relationship
should
be
taken
into
account
when
interpreting
the
AFI
as
a
measure
of
fetal
well-being

The
study
population
included
84
women
with
gestational
diabetes
,
ascertained
by
universal
screening
of
all
women
attending
the
antenatal
clinic
of
the
Hadassah
Medical
Center
,
over
a
2-year
period

The
60
women
(
71
%
)
,
who
initiated
treatment
before
34
completed
weeks
,
composed
the
``
early
''
group

The
24
women
(
29
%
)
,
who
initiated
treatment
after
the
34th
week
,
composed
the
``
late
''
group

All
patients
were
managed
by
an
intensified
protocol
,
including
stringent
glycemic
control

Maternal
characteristics
were
similar
in
the
two
groups

No
significant
differences
were
found
between
the
two
groups
in
the
mode
of
delivery
or
Apgar
scores

We
conclude
that
to
reduce
the
rate
of
macrosomic
infants
in
gestational
diabetes
cases
,
good
glycemic
control
should
be
initiated
before
34
completed
gestational
weeks

Our
aim
was
to
investigate
the
contribution
of
certain
antenatally
detectable
markers
leading
to
the
diagnosis
of
trisomic
fetuses
we
observed
over
a
period
of
6
years

Down
syndrome
(
12
cases
)
and
Edward
syndrome
(
11
cases
)
were
the
most
common
trisomies
,
while
4
cases
of
Patau
syndrome
were
also
diagnosed

Down
syndrome
fetuses
(
41.7
%
)
had
prenatally
detected
sonographic
anomalies
,
63.6
%
for
Edward
syndrome
,
and
all
fetuses
with
Patau
syndrome
(
4
of
4
)
showed
abnormal
sonographic
signs

Trisomy
21
presented
with
the
following
features
:
hydramnios
,
complex
malformations
,
pyelectasis
,
and
duodenal
atresia

Signs
observed
in
fetuses
with
trisomy
13
were
:
hydrocephalus
,
intrauterine
growth
retardation
,
oligoanhydramnios
,
complex
malformations
,
severe
fetal
bradycardia
and
hydronephrosis

Fifty-three
triplet
pregnancies
between
1986
and
1993
at
The
New
York
Hospital-Cornell
Medical
Center
were
reviewed

Severe
preeclampsia
was
defined
by
standard
criteria

Student
's
t-test
,
Fisher
exact
test
,
and
Chi-square
were
used
for
statistical
analysis

The
rate
of
overall
preeclampsia
was
not
significantly
different
in
the
triplet
18
of
53
(
33.96
%
)
or
twin
12
of
53
(
22.6
%
)
groups

In
this
retrospective
,
case-controlled
study
,
the
rate
of
severe
pre-eclampsia
was
significantly
increased
in
triplet
gestations
as
compared
to
twins
although
the
overall
rate
of
preeclampsia
was
not

This
information
may
be
useful
in
counseling
patients
with
high
order
multifetal
gestations

The
survey
indicated
a
variety
of
thermal
care
styles

Two
NICUs
preferred
to
admit
infants
to
incubators
,
the
other
three
favoring
radiant
warmers

These
three
NICUs
moved
infants
from
radiant
warmers
into
incubators
at
significantly
different
mean
ages

The
audit
demonstrated
inconsistent
use
of
plastic
covers
,
warming
mattresses
,
and
added
humidity
under
radiant
warmers
,
and
discrepancies
between
survey
responses
and
actual
use
within
NICUs

Inter-NICU
variability
of
thermal
equipment
use
may
complicate
fluid
management

This
report
describes
a
full-term
newborn
with
massive
fetomaternal
hemorrhage

Fetal
movements
were
decreased
48
hr
prior
to
delivery

On
the
day
of
delivery
,
they
were
absent

The
nonstress
test
was
abnormal
with
low
biophysical
profile
and
decreased
beat-to-beat
variability

Omphalocele-Exstrophy-Imperforate
anus-Spinal
defects
(
OEIS
complex
)
,
a
combination
of
omphalocele
,
exstrophy
of
the
bladder
,
an
imperforate
anus
and
spinal
defects
,
arises
from
a
single
localized
defect
in
the
early
development
of
the
mesoderm
that
will
later
contribute
to
infraumbilical
mesenchyme
,
cloacal
septum
,
and
caudal
vertebrae

In
this
report
,
we
document
the
perinatal
features
of
two
cases
of
OEIS
complex
associated
with
meningomyeloceles
and
severe
lower
limb
defects
,
and
discuss
the
prenatal
diagnosis
,
inheritance
,
and
differential
diagnosis
of
this
association
of
malformations

Although
long-term
survival
can
be
achieved
by
successful
corrective
surgery
,
the
associated
structural
defects
such
as
large
meningomyelocele
and
severe
limb
aplasia
or
hypoplasia
,
as
seen
in
our
patient
,
can
influence
the
patient
's
quality
of
life
.

We
would
like
to
emphasize
that
an
accurate
prenatal
diagnosis
of
OEIS
complex
and
associated
malformations
is
important
for
the
detailed
counseling
of
the
family
as
well
as
appropriate
perinatal
management
by
the
obstetricians
,
pediatric
surgeons
,
urologists
,
neurosurgeons
,
and
neonatologists

Nonimmune
hydrops
fetails
diagnosed
at
21
weeks
'
gestation
with
profound
ascites
,
hydrothorax
,
and
pericardial
effusion
receded
gradually
with
regression
of
a
subchorial
placental
lucencies
immediately
below
the
umbilical
cord
insertion

Careful
inspection
of
the
delivered
placenta
revealed
that
there
was
a
yellowish
lesion
of
fibrin
deposits
below
the
cord
insertion
site
,
which
resulted
from
the
absorption
of
hematoma

The
mitochondrial
diseases
are
uncommon
multisystem
disorders
characterized
by
the
presence
of
functionally
and/or
structurally
abnormal
mitochondria

As
there
have
been
few
reports
of
the
obstetrical
care
of
affected
patients
,
we
wish
to
document
two
pregnancies
in
a
woman
with
a
Chronic
Progressive
External
Ophthalmoplegia
(
Kearns-Sayre-like
syndrome
)

Both
pregnancies
were
complicated
by
preterm
labor
and
hypertension

CONTEXT
:
Four
genetic
loci
have
been
identified
as
contributing
to
Alzheimer
disease
(
AD
)
,
including
the
amyloid
precursor
protein
gene
,
the
presenilin
1
gene
,
the
presenilin
2
gene
,
and
the
apolipoprotein
E
gene
,
but
do
not
account
for
all
the
genetic
risk
for
AD

OBJECTIVE
:
To
identify
additional
genetic
risk
factors
for
late-onset
AD

DESIGN
:
A
complete
genomic
screen
was
performed
(
N=280
markers
)

Critical
values
for
chromosomal
regional
follow-up
were
a
P
value
of
.05
or
less
for
affected
relative
pair
analysis
or
sibpair
analysis
,
a
parametric
lod
score
of
1.0
or
greater
,
or
both

Regional
follow-up
included
analysis
of
additional
markers
and
a
second
data
set

PATIENTS
:
>
From
a
series
of
multiplex
families
affected
with
late-onset
(
>
or
=60
years
)
AD
ascertained
during
the
last
14
years
(
National
Insititute
of
Neurological
Disorders
and
Stroke-Alzheimer
's
Disease
and
Related
Disorders
Association
diagnostic
criteria
)
and
for
which
DNA
has
been
obtained
,
a
subset
of
16
families
(
135
total
family
members
,
52
of
whom
were
patients
with
AD
)
was
used
for
the
genomic
screen

A
second
subset
of
38
families
(
216
total
family
members
,
89
of
whom
were
patients
with
AD
)
was
used
for
the
follow-up
analysis

MAIN
OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
Linkage
analysis
results
generated
using
both
genetic
model-dependent
(
lod
score
)
and
model-independent
methods

RESULTS
:
Fifteen
chromosomal
regions
warranted
initial
follow-up

Follow-up
analyses
revealed
4
regions
of
continued
interest
on
chromosomes
4
,
6
,
12
,
and
20
,
with
the
strongest
results
observed
forchromosome
12

Peak
2-point
affecteds-only
lod
scores
(
n=54
)
were
1.3
,
1.6
,
2.7
,
and
2.2
and
affected
relative
pairs
P
values
(
n=54
)
were
.04
,
.03
,
.14
,
and
.04
for
D12S373
,
D12S1057
,
D12S1042
,
and
D12S390
,
respectively

Analysis
of
these
27
families
resulted
in
MLSs
of
1.0
,
2.4
,
3.7
,
and
3.3
and
a
peak
multipoint
MLS
of
3.9

Additional
analyses
are
necessary
to
identify
the
chromosome
12
susceptibility
gene
for
AD
and
to
follow
up
the
regions
of
interest
on
chromosomes
4
,
6
,
and
20

However
,
knowledge
regarding
all
possible
mutations
and
the
relationship
between
risk
factors
and
mutations
is
incomplete

OBJECTIVES
:
To
identify
BRCA1
mutations
and
to
determine
factors
that
best
predict
presence
of
a
deleterious
BRCA1
mutation
in
patients
with
breast
and/or
ovarian
cancer

No
participant
was
from
a
family
in
which
genetic
markers
showed
linkage
to
the
BRCA1
locus

MAJOR
OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
Sequence
variants
detected
in
this
sample
are
presented
along
with
analyses
designed
to
determine
predictive
characteristics
of
those
testing
positive
for
BRCA1
mutations

Fifty
new
genetic
alterations
were
found
including
24
deleterious
mutations
,
24
variants
of
unknown
significance
,
and
2
rare
polymorphisms

A
bias
in
prior
reports
for
mutations
in
exon
11
was
revealed

Characteristics
of
a
patient
's
specific
diagnosis
(
unilateral
or
bilateral
breast
cancer
,
with
or
without
ovarian
cancer
)
,
early
age
at
diagnosis
,
Ashkenazi
Jewish
ethnicity
,
and
family
history
of
cancer
were
positively
associated
with
the
probability
of
her
carrying
a
deleterious
BRCA1
mutation

OBJECTIVE
:
To
investigate
phenotypic
characteristics
of
families
potentially
linked
to
the
hereditary
prostate
cancer
1
(
HPC1
)
locus
on
chromosome
1q24-25

Prostate
cancer
cases
from
the
National
Cancer
Data
Base
were
used
as
a
reference
population
for
comparison

MAIN
OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
The
families
were
divided
into
2
groups
:
either
potentially
linked
(
33
families
with
133
men
with
prostate
cancer
)
,
and
thus
likely
to
be
carrying
an
altered
HPC1
gene
,
or
potentially
unlinked
(
41
families
with
172
men
with
prostate
cancer
)
,
on
the
basis
of
haplotype
analysis
in
the
region
of
HPC1

The
age
at
diagnosis
of
prostate
cancer
,
serum
prostate-specific
antigen
levels
,
digital
rectal
examination
status
,
stage
,
grade
,
primary
treatment
of
prostate
cancers
,
and
occurrence
of
other
cancers
were
compared
between
the
groups

RESULTS
:
The
mean
age
at
diagnosis
of
prostate
cancer
for
men
in
potentially
linked
families
was
significantly
lower
than
for
men
in
potentially
unlinked
families
(
63.7
vs
65.9
years
,
respectively
,
P=.01
;
mean
age
at
diagnosis
in
the
reference
population
was
71.6
years
)

Higher-grade
cancers
(
grade
3
)
were
more
common
in
potentially
linked
families
,
and
advanced-stage
disease
was
found
in
41
%
of
the
case
patients
in
potentially
linked
families
compared
with
31
%
in
both
the
potentially
unlinked
families
and
the
reference
groups
(
P=.03
for
the
latter
comparison
)

In
the
other
clinical
parameters
,
we
found
no
significant
differences
between
the
groups

A
modest
excess
of
breast
cancer
and
colon
cancer
was
found
in
potentially
linked
families
in
comparison
with
potentially
unlinked
families
,
but
this
difference
was
not
statistically
significant

However
,
3
characteristics
were
observed
:
younger
age
at
diagnosis
,
higher-grade
tumors
,
and
more
advanced-stage
disease

Our
study
shows
that
a
significant
fraction
of
hereditary
prostate
cancers
are
diagnosed
in
advanced
stages
,
emphasizing
the
clinical
importance
of
early
detection
in
men
potentially
carrying
prostate
cancer
susceptibility
genes

These
findings
support
the
current
recommendations
to
screen
men
with
a
positive
family
history
of
prostate
cancer
beginning
at
age
40
years

CONTEXT
:
Susceptibility
to
multiple
sclerosis
(
MS
)
involves
a
genetically
complex
autoimmune
component

The
3
regions
include
HLA
on
chromosome
6p21.3
,
APOE
on
chromosome
19ql
3.2
,
and
MBP
(
myelin
basic
protein
)
on
chromosome
18q23

SUBJECTS
:
A
total
of
120
Caucasian
patients
with
MS
and
107
unrelated
control
individuals
from
California
,
and
32
patients
and
32
unrelated
control
individuals
from
Beijing
,
China

All
patients
with
MS
were
diagnosed
as
having
clinically
definite
disease
according
to
published
criteria

MAIN
OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
Chi2
Testing
of
loci
and
individual
alleles
and
haplotypes

Haplotype
frequencies
were
estimated
with
standard
maximum
likelihood
methods

RESULTS
:
The
HLA
effect
is
due
to
the
class
II
DR2
haplotype
,
DRB1*1501-DQA1*0102-DRB1*0602
;
contributions
to
MS
susceptibility
from
additional
DRB1-DQB1
alleles
or
other
HLA
region
loci
were
not
observed

The
distribution
of
haplotypes
from
5
loci
within
the
chromosome
19q13.2
region
,
including
D19S178
,
D19S574
,
APOE
,
APOC2
,
and
D19S219
,
differed
between
patient
and
control
samples

The
APOE
variation
,
prominent
in
other
neurological
diseases
,
showed
no
influence
on
MS
susceptibility
,
despite
its
location
within
the
chromosome
19q13.2
region

<
TO_SEE
>
OBJECTIVE
:
To
examine
long-term
risk
of
new
primary
cancers
in
survivors
of
childhood
retinoblastoma
and
quantify
the
role
of
radiotherapy
in
sarcoma
development

DESIGN
:
Cohort
incidence
study
of
patients
with
retinoblastoma
followed
for
a
median
of
20
years
,
and
nested
case-control
study
of
a
radiation
dose-response
relationship
for
bone
and
soft
tissue
sarcomas

SETTING/PARTICIPANTS
:
A
total
of
1604
patients
with
retinoblastoma
who
survived
at
least
1
year
after
diagnosis
,
identified
from
hospital
records
in
Massachusetts
and
New
York
during
1914
to
1984

RESULTS
:
Incidence
of
subsequent
cancers
was
statistically
significantly
elevated
only
in
the
961
patients
with
hereditary
retinoblastoma
,
in
whom
190
cancers
were
diagnosed
,
vs
6.3
expected
in
the
general
population
(
relative
risk
(
RR
)
,
30
(
95
%
confidence
interval
,
26-47
)
)

Cumulative
incidence
(
+/-SE
)
of
a
second
cancer
at
50
years
after
diagnosis
was
51.0
%
(
+/-6.2
%
)
for
hereditary
retinoblastoma
,
and
5.0
%
(
+/-3.0
%
)
for
nonhereditary
retinoblastoma

All
114
sarcomas
of
diverse
histologic
types
occurred
in
patients
with
hereditary
retinoblastoma

For
soft
tissue
sarcomas
,
the
RRs
showed
a
stepwise
increase
at
all
dose
categories
,
and
were
statistically
significant
at
10
to
29.9
Gy
and
30
to
59.9
Gy

<
TO_SEE
>
CONCLUSIONS
:
Genetic
predisposition
has
a
substantial
impact
on
risk
of
subsequent
cancers
in
retinoblastoma
patients
,
which
is
further
increased
by
radiation
treatment

A
radiation
dose-response
relationship
is
demonstrated
for
all
sarcomas
and
,
for
the
first
time
in
humans
,
for
soft
tissue
sarcomas

Retinoblastoma
patients
should
be
examined
for
new
cancers
and
followed
into
later
life
to
determine
whether
their
extraordinary
cancer
risk
extends
to
common
cancers
of
adulthood

The
objective
of
this
study
was
to
determine
the
rate
of
recent
cocaine
use
among
a
metropolitan
population
of
predominantly
Hispanic
and
African-American
women
with
preterm
premature
rupture
of
the
membranes
(
PROM
)
and
to
ascertain
the
impact
of
cocaine
on
the
latency
period
between
rupture
of
membranes
and
delivery

Urine
toxicology
screens
were
prospectively
obtained
on
147
women
with
preterm
PROM

All
women
were
expectantly
managed
without
tocolytics
until
37
weeks
'
gestation
unless
they
developed
clinical
chorioamnionitis
,
or
nonreassuring
fetal
heart
rate
tracing
or
biophysical
profile

The
rate
of
positive
urine
drug
screens
for
cocaine
was
8.2
%

There
was
a
higher
rate
of
recent
cocaine
use
among
African-American
women
(
20.4
%
)
as
compared
to
non-African-Americans
(
1.2
%
,
p
=
0.0001
)

There
was
no
significant
difference
in
the
reason
for
delivery
between
the
two
groups
of
patients

Recent
cocaine
use
among
women
with
preterm
PROM
is
common
in
only
some
segments
of
an
urban
population

Women
with
recent
cocaine
use
present
with
ruptured
membranes
at
an
earlier
gestational
age
and
may
actually
have
a
longer
latency
period
than
women
who
do
not
use
cocaine

Responses
to
an
interview
at
initial
prenatal
care
enrollment
were
compared
using
Chi-square
and
Fisher
's
exact
tests

Of
75
women
,
drug
users
(
51
%
)
were
more
likely
to
say
that
they
would
defer
initiating
prenatal
care
(
P
=
0.03
)
and
to
minimize
the
risk
of
drug
or
alcohol
use
to
the
fetus
(
P
=
0.04
)

Most
(
85
%
)
viewed
pregnancy
as
inappropriate
for
HIV
infected
women
and
primarily
drug
users
(
P
=
0.06
)
would
abort
if
HIV
infected

Over
half
thought
HIV
transmission
occurred
most
times
or
always

Only
20
%
had
heard
of
a
drug
to
reduce
this
risk
,
but
95
%
would
take
such
a
therapy

These
inner-city
,
pregnant
women
disapproved
of
pregnancy
if
HIV
infected
and
thought
the
risk
of
transmission
was
high

They
knew
little
of
how
to
reduce
this
risk
but
nearly
all
would
accept
a
drug
to
prevent
transmission

The
association
of
parvovirus
B19
infection
and
hydrops
fetalis
is
well
known

We
present
five
cases
of
isolated
pleural
or
pericardial
effusion
with
documented
maternal
parvovirus
infection
in
four
of
these
pregnancies

BACKGROUND
:
Cochlear
implantation
is
nowadays
a
reliable
and
well-accepted
method
of
auditory
rehabilitation
in
selected
adults
and
children

METHODS
:
We
present
rehabilitation
data
on
21
adult
patients
provided
with
the
Nucleus
CI22
M
cochlear
implant
using
the
SPEAK
strategy

RESULTS
:
Results
of
first
tune-up
show
an
open
set
speech
understanding
in
approximately
50
%
of
patients

Long-term
results
also
reveal
further
improvement
in
patients
who
had
no
open
set
speech
understanding

Our
data
seem
to
indicate
similar
results
in
comparison
to
other
groups
using
the
CIS
strategy

CONCLUSIONS
:
In
adults
,
open
set
speech
understanding
can
be
achieved
even
at
the
first
tune-up

Adverse
drug
effects
are
manifold
and
heterogenous

Many
situations
may
hamper
the
signalling
(
i.e
.
the
detection
of
early
warning
signs
)
of
adverse
effects
and
new
signals
often
differ
from
previous
experiences

Different
categories
of
adverse
effects
need
different
methods
for
detection

Current
pharmacovigilance
is
predominantly
based
on
spontaneous
reporting
and
is
mainly
helpful
in
detecting
type
B
effects
(
those
effects
that
are
often
allergic
or
idiosyncratic
reactions
,
characteristically
occurring
in
only
a
minority
of
patients
and
usually
unrelated
to
dosage
and
that
are
serious
,
unexpected
and
unpredictable
)
and
unusual
type
A
effects
(
those
effects
that
are
related
to
the
pharmacological
effects
of
the
drug
and
are
dosage-related
)

Examples
of
other
sources
of
signals
are
prescription
event
monitoring
,
large
automated
data
resources
on
morbidity
and
drug
use
(
including
record
linkage
)
,
case-control
surveillance
and
follow-up
studies

A
proposal
is
made
for
a
standard
signal
management
procedure
at
pharmacovigilance
centres
,
including
the
following
steps
:
signal
delineation
,
literature
search
,
preliminary
inventory
of
data
,
collection
of
additional
information
,
consultation
with
the
World
Health
Organization
Centre
for
International
Drug
Monitoring
and
the
relevant
drug
companies
,
aggregated
data
assessment
and
a
report
in
writing

A
better
understanding
of
the
conditions
and
mechanisms
involved
in
the
detection
of
adverse
drug
effects
may
further
improve
strategies
for
pharmacovigilance

OBJECTIVE
:
To
study
the
safety
and
efficacy
of
methylphenidate
in
children
with
the
dual
diagnosis
of
epilepsy
and
attention
deficit
hyperactivity
disorder
(
ADHD
)

STUDY
DESIGN
:
Thirty
children
,
aged
6.4
to
16.4
years
,
with
epilepsy
and
ADHD
were
studied
during
a
4-month
period

During
the
initial
2
months
of
the
study
,
the
children
were
treated
with
antiepileptic
drugs
(
AEDs
)
only
,
and
for
the
remaining
2
months
,
methylphenidate
was
added
at
a
morning
dose
of
0.3
mg/kg

They
underwent
neurologic
assessment
,
brain
computed
tomography
,
IQ
testing
,
and
assessment
with
the
Childhood
Behavior
Checklist
at
baseline
before
methylphenidate
therapy

Electroencephalography
,
AED
determinations
,
and
the
continuous-performance
task
(
CPT
)
test
were
done
at
baseline
and
after
2
months
of
methylphenidate
therapy

On
the
2
days
of
testing
,
the
child
received
AEDs
and
a
capsule
containing
either
placebo
or
methylphenidate

RESULTS
:
None
of
the
25
children
of
this
sample
who
were
seizure
free
had
attacks
while
taking
methylphenidate

Of
the
5
children
with
seizures
,
3
had
an
increase
in
attacks
,
whereas
the
other
2
showed
no
change
or
a
reduction

Methylphenidate
benefited
70
%
of
children
according
to
parental
report
;
methylphenidate
also
enhanced
performance
on
the
CPT

Side
effects
of
methylphenidate
were
mild
and
transient

Caution
is
warranted
for
those
still
having
seizures
while
receiving
AED
therapy

The
temporal
properties
of
semantic
and
phonological
processes
in
speech
production
were
investigated
in
a
new
experimental
paradigm
using
movement-related
brain
potentials

The
main
experimental
task
was
picture
naming

In
addition
,
a
2-choice
reaction
go/no-go
procedure
was
included
,
involving
a
semantic
and
a
phonological
categorization
of
the
picture
name

Lateralized
readiness
potentials
(
LRPs
)
were
derived
to
test
whether
semantic
and
phonological
information
activated
motor
processes
at
separate
moments
in
time

Varying
the
position
of
the
critical
phoneme
in
the
picture
name
did
not
affect
the
onset
of
the
LRP
but
rather
influenced
when
the
LRP
began
to
differ
on
go
and
no-go
trials
and
allowed
the
duration
of
phonological
encoding
of
a
word
to
be
estimated

The
sequential
replacement
of
the
four
tryptophan
residues
in
gramicidin
A
at
positions
15
,
13
,
11
,
and
9
with
glycine
showed
that
there
was
no
detectable
effect
at
position
15
but
increasing
heterogeneity
of
species
in
the
micelles
proceeding
toward
the
interior
of
the
micelle
at
position
9

The
replacement
of
tryptophan
at
positions
15
and
9
with
alanine
was
found
to
produce
more
species
heterogeneity
than
found
with
glycine
substitution
at
the
same
positions

With
the
Gly-11
,
Gly-13
,
and
Gly-15
analogs
,
the
increase
in
SDS
concentration
results
in
the
formation
of
a
single
species
;
however
,
for
the
Gly-9
,
Ala-9
,
and
Ala-15
analogs
,
heterogeneity
remains

Molecular
dynamics
in
torsion-angle
space
was
applied
to
nuclear
magnetic
resonance
structure
calculation
using
nuclear
Overhauser
effect-derived
distances
and
J-coupling-constant-derived
dihedral
angle
restraints

Compared
to
two
other
commonly
used
algorithms
,
molecular
dynamics
in
Cartesian
space
and
metric-matrix
geometry
combined
with
Cartesian
molecular
dynamics
,
the
method
shows
increased
computational
efficiency
and
success
rate
for
large
proteins
,
and
it
shows
a
dramatically
increased
radius
of
convergence
for
DNA

The
torsion-angle
molecular
dynamics
algorithm
starts
from
an
extended
strand
conformation
and
proceeds
in
four
stages
:
high-temperature
torsion-angle
molecular
dynamics
,
slow-cooling
torsion-angle
molecular
dynamics
,
Cartesian
molecular
dynamics
,
and
minimization

Tests
were
carried
out
using
experimental
NMR
data
for
protein
G
,
interleukin-8
,
villin
14T
,
and
a
12
base-pair
duplex
of
DNA
,
and
simulated
NMR
data
for
bovine
pancreatic
trypsin
inhibitor

For
villin
14T
,
a
monomer
consisting
of
126
residues
,
structure
determination
by
torsion-angle
molecular
dynamics
has
a
success
rate
of
85
%
,
a
more
than
twofold
improvement
over
other
methods

The
wavelet-transform
method
is
used
to
quantify
the
magnetic
resonance
spectroscopy
(
MRS
)
parameters
:
chemical
shift
,
apparent
relaxation
time
T2
,
resonance
amplitude
,
and
phase

Wavelet
transformation
is
a
time-frequency
representation
which
separates
each
component
from
the
FID
,
then
successively
quantifies
it
and
subtracts
it
from
the
raw
signal

Two
iterative
procedures
have
been
developed

The
results
indicate
that
the
wavelet-transform
method
can
provide
efficient
and
accurate
quantification
of
MRS
data

BACKGROUND
:
Antiplatelet
therapy
with
aspirin
and
systematic
anticoagulation
with
warfarin
reduce
cardiovascular
morbidity
and
mortality
after
myocardial
infarction
when
given
alone

In
the
Coumadin
Aspirin
Reinfarction
Study
(
CARS
)
,
we
aimed
to
find
out
whether
a
combination
of
low-dose
warfarin
and
low-dose
aspirin
would
give
superior
results
to
standard
aspirin
monotherapy
without
excessive
bleeding
risk

METHODS
:
We
used
a
randomised
double-blind
study
design

Patients
took
a
single
tablet
daily
,
and
attended
for
prothrombin
time
(
PT
)
measurements
at
weeks
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
6
,
and
12
,
and
then
every
3
months

Patients
were
followed
up
for
a
maximum
of
33
months
(
median
14
months
)

FINDINGS
:
The
primary
event
was
first
occurrence
of
reinfarction
,
non-fatal
ischaemic
stroke
,
or
cardiovascular
death

Primary
comparisons
were
done
with
all
follow-up
data

The
relative
risk
of
the
primary
event
for
the
160
mg
aspirin
group
compared
with
the
3
mg
warfarin
with
80
mg
aspirin
group
was
0.95
(
0.81-1.12
,
p
=
0.57
)

For
the
3382
patients
assigned
3
mg
warfarin
with
80
mg
aspirin
,
the
INR
results
were
:
at
week
1
(
n
=
2985
)
median
1.51
(
IQR
1.23-2.13
)
;
at
week
4
(
n
=
2701
)
1.27
(
1.13-1.64
)
;
at
month
6
(
n
=
2145
)
1.19
(
1.08-1.44
)

INTERPRETATION
:
Low
,
fixed-dose
warfarin
(
1
mg
or
3
mg
)
combined
with
low-dose
aspirin
(
80
mg
)
in
patients
who
have
had
myocardial
infarction
does
not
provide
clinical
benefit
beyond
that
achievable
with
160
mg
aspirin
monotherapy

BACKGROUND
:
There
is
serological
evidence
for
an
association
between
Chlamydia
pneumoniae
and
coronary
heart
disease

We
investigated
the
hypothesis
that
an
antichlamydial
macrolide
antibiotic
,
roxithromycin
,
can
prevent
or
reduce
recurrent
major
ischaemic
events
in
patients
with
unstable
angina

Patients
were
randomly
assigned
either
roxithromycin
150
mg
orally
twice
a
day
(
n
=
102
)
or
placebo
orally
twice
a
day
(
n
=
100
)

Patients
were
followed
up
for
6
months

We
report
the
primary
clinical
endpoints
(
cardiac
ischaemic
death
,
myocardial
infarction
,
and
severe
recurrent
ischaemia
)
,
assessed
at
day
31
,
in
202
patients
on
an
intention-to-treat
basis

FINDINGS
:
A
statistically
significant
reduction
in
the
primary
composite
triple
endpoint
rates
was
observed
in
the
roxithromycin
group
:
p
=
0.032

The
rate
of
severe
recurrent
ischaemia
,
myocardial
infarction
,
and
ischaemic
death
was
5.4
%
,
2.2
%
,
and
2.2
%
in
the
placebo
group
and
1.1
%
,
0
%
,
and
0
%
,
in
the
roxithromycin
group
,
respectively

No
major
drug-related
adverse
effects
were
observed

Large-scale
trials
are
needed
to
confirm
these
preliminary
observations

BACKGROUND
:
Stage
Ib
and
IIa
cervical
carcinoma
can
be
cured
by
radical
surgery
or
radiotherapy

These
two
procedures
are
equally
effective
,
but
differ
in
associated
morbidity
and
type
of
complications

In
this
prospective
randomised
trial
of
radiotherapy
versus
surgery
,
our
aim
was
to
assess
the
5-year
survival
and
the
rate
and
pattern
of
complications
and
recurrences
associated
with
each
treatment

METHODS
:
Between
September
,
1986
,
and
December
,
1991
,
469
women
with
newly
diagnosed
stage
Ib
and
IIa
cervical
carcinoma
were
referred
to
our
institute

Adjuvant
radiotherapy
was
delivered
after
surgery
for
women
with
surgical
stage
pT2b
or
greater
,
less
than
3
mm
of
safe
cervical
stroma
,
cut-through
,
or
positive
nodes

The
primary
outcome
measures
were
5-year
survival
and
the
rate
of
complications

The
analysis
of
survival
and
recurrence
was
by
intention
to
treat
and
analysis
of
complications
was
by
treatment
delivered

FINDINGS
:
170
patients
in
the
surgery
group
and
167
in
the
radiotherapy
group
were
included
in
the
intention-to-treat
analysis
;
scheduled
treatment
was
delivered
to
169
and
158
women
,
respectively
,
62
of
114
women
with
cervical
diameters
of
4
cm
or
smaller
and
46
of
55
with
diameters
larger
than
4
cm
received
adjuvant
therapy

After
a
median
follow-up
of
87
(
range
57-120
)
months
,
5-year
overall
and
disease-free
survival
were
identical
in
the
surgery
and
radiotherapy
groups
(
83
%
and
74
%
,
respectively
,
for
both
groups
)
,
86
women
developed
recurrent
disease
:
42
(
25
%
)
in
the
surgery
group
and
44
(
26
%
)
in
the
radiotherapy
group

Significant
factors
for
survival
in
univariate
and
multivariate
analyses
were
:
cervical
diameter
,
positive
lymphangiography
,
and
adeno-carcinomatous
histotype

48
(
28
%
)
surgery-group
patients
had
severe
morbidity
compared
with
19
(
12
%
)
radiotherapy-group
patients
(
p
=
0.0004
)

The
combination
of
surgery
and
radiotherapy
has
the
worst
morbidity
,
especially
urological
complications

The
optimum
therapy
for
each
patient
should
take
account
of
clinical
factors
such
as
menopausal
status
,
age
,
medical
illness
,
histological
type
,
and
cervical
diameter
to
yield
the
best
cure
with
minimum
complications

Today
's
technology
links
health
care
providers
and
patients
across
town
,
in
the
next
state
or
even
another
country

Nursing
across
state
lines
poses
complications
:
state-bound
regulatory
and
licensure
issues

Early
introduction
of
enteral
feeds
and
the
use
of
nutritional
modulation
are
emphasized

PROBLEM
:
To
compare
the
expression
by
T-lymphocytes
of
an
immunomodulatory
protein
known
as
progesterone-induced
blocking
factor
(
PIBF
)
in
conception
versus
non-conception
cycles
even
when
there
has
been
definite
fertilization
and
embryo
formation

METHOD
:
PIBF
expression
on
T
lymphocytes
was
measured
using
an
immunohistochemical
method
with
a
PIBF-specific
polyclonal
antibody

There
were
no
differences
in
PIBF
levels
by
therapy
used
in
non-pregnant
cases
or
in
the
pregnant
group

CONCLUSION
:
These
data
are
consistent
with
the
hypothesis
that
maternal
expression
of
PIBF
in
T-lymphocytes
soon
after
trophoblast
invasion
may
depend
on
successful
implantation

Many
amino
acids
contain
an
asymmetric
centre
,
occurring
as
laevorotatory
,
L
,
or
dextrorotatory
,
D
,
compounds

A
substantial
fraction
of
the
organic
compounds
on
the
early
Earth
may
have
been
derived
from
comet
and
meteorite
impacts

It
has
been
reported
previously
that
amino
acids
in
the
Murchison
meteorite
exhibit
an
excess
of
L-enantiomers
,
raising
the
possibility
that
a
similar
excess
was
present
in
the
initial
inventory
of
organic
compounds
on
the
Earth

The
stable
carbon
isotope
compositions
of
individual
amino
acids
in
Murchison
support
an
extraterrestrial
origin
--
rather
than
a
terrestrial
overprint
of
biological
amino
acids-although
reservations
have
persisted

A
proactive
preventive
approach
is
presented
that
suggests
strategies
to
use
during
the
previsit
phase
,
the
visit
experience
,
and
on
an
ongoing
basis

The
miracidia
of
Fasciola
hepatica
and
Trichobilharzia
ocellata
approach
their
host
snails
Lymnaea
truncatula
and
L.
stagnalis
by
increasing
their
rate
of
change
of
direction
(
RCD
)
in
increasing
gradients
of
snail-conditioned
water
(
SCW
)
,
and
they
perform
a
turnback
swimming
in
decreasing
gradients

Both
hostfinding
responses
in
both
species
were
induced
by
glycoconjugates
with
a
molecular
weight
of
>
30
kDa
that
were
sensitive
to
hydrolysis
with
pronase
E
and
oxidation
with
NaIO4

Alkaline
cleavage
revealed
that
they
contained
carbohydrates
linked
O-glycosidically
via
serine
and
N-acetylgalactosamine

Differences
in
the
chemical
characteristics
of
SCW
from
the
intermediate
hosts
L.
truncatula
and
L.
stagnalis
could
be
shown
by
sodium
dodecyl
sulfate-polyacrylamide
gel
electrophoresis
,
blotting
,
and
subsequent
carbohydrate
detection

The
first
step
of
purification
of
the
effective
signaling
SCW
components
from
both
snail
species
was
achieved
by
ion-exchange
chromatography

Black
patients
with
colon
cancer
in
the
Black/White
Cancer
Survival
Study
were
found
to
have
a
poorer
survival
than
white
patients

More
advanced-stage
disease
at
diagnosis
was
the
primary
determinant
,
accounting
for
60
%
of
the
excess
mortality

Tumor
characteristics
of
703
cases
of
newly
diagnosed
invasive
colon
adenocarcinoma
were
centrally
evaluated
by
a
gastrointestinal
pathologist
,
blinded
in
regard
to
the
age
,
race
,
and
sex
of
the
patients

Blacks
were
less
likely
to
have
poorly
differentiated
(
grade
3
)
tumors
(
odds
ratio
(
OR
)
,
0.44
;
95
%
confidence
interval
,
0.22-0.88
)
and
lymphoid
reaction
(
OR
,
0.49
;
95
%
confidence
interval
,
0.26-0.90
)
when
compared
with
whites

These
black/white
(
B/W
)
differences
remained
statistically
significant
after
adjusting
for
age
,
sex
,
metropolitan
area
,
summary
stage
,
socioeconomic
status
,
body
mass
index
,
and
health
care
access
and
utilization

In
addition
,
blacks
were
less
likely
to
have
high-grade
(
grade
3
)
nuclear
atypia
,
mitotic
activity
,
and
tubule
formation
,
although
these
ORs
did
not
reach
a
statistical
significance
level
of
0.05

Comparison
by
anatomical
subsite
showed
that
blacks
had
statistically
significantly
better
differentiated
tumors
for
cancers
of
the
proximal
and
transverse
colon
but
not
for
the
distal

No
racial
differences
were
found
for
blood
vessel
and
lymphatic
invasion
,
necrosis
,
fibrosis
,
and
mucinous
type
of
histology

The
findings
,
therefore
,
are
the
opposite
of
those
hypothesized

After
adjusting
for
stage
,
more
aggressive
tumor
characteristics
do
not
explain
the
adverse
survival
differential
in
blacks

This
suggests
that
there
may
be
racial
differences
in
environmental
exposure
,
and
that
the
intensity
and
mode
of
delivery
of
carcinogen
insult
as
well
as
host
susceptibility
may
differ
by
race
and
anatomical
subsite

Future
studies
should
explore
the
B/W
differences
in
tumor
biology
using
molecular
markers
that
precede
the
conventional
histological
parameters
evaluated
here

A
new
method
is
described
for
detection
of
mutations
in
the
lysosomal
alpha-glucosidase
gene
(
GAA
)
leading
to
Glycogen
Storage
Disease
type
II
(
GSDII
)

The
method
is
rapid
and
complementary
to
the
automated
sequencing
of
all
the
19
,
PCR
amplified
,
coding
exons
of
the
GAA
gene

A
new
splice
site
mutation
in
the
GAA
gene
of
this
patient
was
identified
,
IVS16
(
+2T
--
>
C
)
,
resulting
in
the
deletion
of
16
base
pairs
of
exon
16

The
presence
of
clinical
autonomic
dysfunction
in
patients
with
neurologic
diseases
,
such
as
multiple
sclerosis
,
Parkinson
's
disease
,
and
cerebrovascular
accident
,
has
become
increasingly
recognized
in
the
past
decade

The
purpose
of
this
study
was
to
investigate
the
autonomic
function
in
patients
with
cerebral
palsy
using
two
noninvasive
tests
:
sympathetic
skin
response
(
SSR
)
and
R-R
interval
variation
(
RRIV
)

No
significant
difference
in
frequency
of
absent
response
and
asymmetric
response
was
also
noted

Mean
heart
rate
under
relaxed
sitting
condition
was
significantly
higher
in
the
study
group

Significant
negative
correlation
between
heart
rate
and
age
was
noted
in
the
control
group
but
was
not
present
in
the
study
group

Also
,
there
was
no
statistical
difference
of
mean
RRIV
between
the
two
groups

No
objective
evidence
of
autonomic
disturbance
in
patients
with
cerebral
palsy
was
found
in
this
study

A
two-credits
per
semester
clinical
medicine
course
was
established
in
the
Department
of
Physical
Medicine
and
Rehabilitation
(
PM
&
#
38
;
R
)
in
cooperation
with
the
Johns
Hopkins
University
undergraduate
Human
Biology
faculty
to
present
the
variety
of
inpatient
consultation
personnel
,
units
,
patient
diagnostic
groups
,
and
functional
problems

The
curriculum
emphasizes
student
understanding
of
the
roles
of
rehabilitation
team
members

Objectives
include
demonstration
of
working
knowledge
of
the
Biopsychosocial
Model
,
the
World
Health
Organization
Model
of
disablement
and
interdisciplinary
rehabilitation
intervention

The
course
includes
simulations
of
physical
impairments
,
demonstrations
of
adaptive
equipment
,
interactive
chart
reviews
,
readings
,
and
audio
lectures

A
retrospective
sequential
review
was
made
of
the
last
100
physical
medicine
and
rehabilitation
consultations
with
student
attendance

The
results
confirm
student
exposure
to
many
ward
settings
(
surgery
,
30
%
;
neurology/neurosurgery
,
28
%
;
medicine
,
24
%
;
intensive
care
,
15
%
;
oncology
,
2
%
;
and
psychiatry
,
1
%
)
,
patient
complexity
(
averaging
10
problems
)
,
and
multiple
ICD-9
diagnosis
categories
(
circulatory
,
36
%
;
neurologic
,
22
%
;
musculoskeletal
,
17
%
;
neoplasms
,
10
%
;
injury
,
5
%
;
endocrine
,
4
%
;
infections
,
3
%
;
and
others
,
3
%
)

This
process
develops
a
rudimentary
understanding
of
the
effect
of
illness
on
the
person
and
the
variety
of
medically
effective
therapeutic
modalities

This
study
is
designed
to
investigate
the
immediate
effectiveness
of
electrotherapy
on
myofascial
trigger
points
of
upper
trapezius
muscle

Sixty
patients
(
25
males
and
35
females
)
who
had
myofascial
trigger
points
in
one
side
of
the
upper
trapezius
muscles
were
studied

The
improvement
of
ROM
was
significantly
more
in
group
C
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.01
)
as
compared
with
that
in
group
A
or
group
B

EMS
could
significantly
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.05
)
improve
ROM
,
but
not
PT
,
better
than
the
placebo
groups
,
for
either
subgroup

Because
activity
and
regular
exercise
are
important
factors
to
maintain
general
good
health
in
senior
citizens
,
we
investigated
whether
senior
dancing
has
any
effect
on
peripheral
or
lumbar
bone
density

We
performed
a
prospective
study
over
a12-mo
period
on
bone
density
at
a
spinal
and
peripheral
measuring
site
in
28
female
senior
members
(
mean
age
:
67
+/-
2
yr
)
of
a
dancing
group
in
Vienna

Lumbar
bone
mineral
density
was
assessed
by
quantitative
computed
tomography
(
qCT
)
and
radial
bone
density
by
single
photon
absorptiometry
of
the
distal
forearm

Linear
regression
analysis
showed
that
the
lower
the
qCT
at
the
beginning
of
the
observation
period
,
the
higher
was
the
percentage
increase
of
spinal
qCT
in
the
entire
group
during
12
mo
of
dancing
(
r
=
0.52
,
P
&
#
60
;
0.0001
)

The
group
classified
as
dancers
with
osteoporosis
(
group
I
)
showed
a
significant
increase
in
lumbar
bone
density
,
whereas
in
the
group
of
dancers
without
signs
of
osteoporosis
(
group
II
)
,
BMD
remained
unchanged

Additionally
,
radial
bone
density
did
not
show
any
changes
in
either
group

Group
I
showed
a
significant
correlation
between
basal
spinal
BMD
and
the
percentage
change
of
BMD
during
the
observation
period
(
r
=
0.7
,
P
&
#
60
;
0.001
)

Changes
of
the
biochemical
parameters
were
observed
in
the
bone-specific
isoenzyme
of
alkaline
phosphatase
,
a
marker
of
osteoblastic
activity
,
in
group
I
giving
additional
evidence
of
increased
bone
formation

OBJECTIVES
:
To
estimate
the
prevalence
of
Chlamydia
trachomatis
in
asymptomatic
women
attending
general
practice
:
to
assess
the
potential
of
the
ligase
chain
reaction
as
a
screening
tool
;
and
to
evaluate
selective
screening
criteria

SETTING
:
Four
general
practices
in
northeast
London

SUBJECTS
:
890
women
aged
18-35
years
attending
general
practice
for
a
cervical
smear
or
a
``
young
well
woman
''
check
between
October
1994
and
January
1996

The
women
were
tested
for
C
trachomatis
with
confirmed
enzyme
immunoassay
(
endocervical
specimens
)
and
ligase
chain
reaction
assay
on
urine
specimens

MAIN
OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
Prevalence
of
C
trachomatis
infection
in
women
aged
18-35
on
the
basis
of
each
test
;
sensitivity
and
specificity
of
both
tests
in
this
population

Prevalence
on
the
basis
of
ligase
chain
reaction
was
2.5
%
(
1.5
%
to
3.9
%
)
,
with
90
%
sensitivity
and
99.8
%
specificity

CONCLUSION
:
Ligase
chain
reaction
on
urine
samples
performs
at
least
as
well
as
enzyme
immunoassay
on
cervical
specimens
in
this
low
prevalence
population

A
simple
selective
screening
strategy
might
be
appropriate
and
would
be
able
to
detect
most
cases
of
infection

However
,
a
rigorous
economic
evaluation
of
possible
screening
strategies
is
needed
first

Recently
,
many
advances
have
been
made
in
the
study
of
sexual
differentiation
,
including
the
discoveries
of
the
gene
for
antimÃ1/4llerian
hormone
as
well
as
the
gene
for
its
receptor

However
,
the
etiology
of
the
clinical
syndrome
of
mÃ1/4llerian
agenesis
remains
elusive

We
hypothesize
that
activating
mutations
of
either
the
antimÃ1/4llerian
hormone
gene
or
its
receptor
gene
may
cause
mÃ1/4llerian
duct
regression
in
a
genetic
female
during
embryogenesis

However
,
animal
and
human
studies
have
demonstrated
toxic
effects
of
fenfluramines
that
clinicians
should
be
aware
of
when
considering
prescribing
the
drugs

DATA
SOURCES
:
Archival
articles
and
reviews
identified
through
a
computerized
search
of
MEDLINE
from
1966
to
April
1997
using
``
fenfluramine
(
s
)
,
''
``
serotonin
,
''
``
neurotoxicity
,
''
``
behavior
,
''
``
anorexigens
,
''
``
weight
loss
,
''
and
``
primary
pulmonary
hypertension
''
as
index
terms

STUDY
SELECTION
:
Reports
dealing
with
long-term
effects
of
fenfluramines
on
brain
serotonin
neurons
,
body
weight
,
and
pulmonary
function
in
animals
and
humans

DATA
EXTRACTION
:
Reports
were
reviewed
by
individuals
with
expertise
in
serotonin
neurobiology
,
neurotoxicity
,
neuropsychiatry
,
and
pulmonary
medicine
and
evaluated
for
appropriateness
for
inclusion
in
this
review

DATA
SYNTHESIS
:
Fenfluramines
cause
dose-related
,
long-lasting
reductions
in
serotonin
axonal
markers
in
all
the
animal
species
tested
and
with
all
the
routes
of
drug
administration
used

Doses
of
fenfluramines
that
produce
signs
of
brain
serotonin
neurotoxicity
in
animals
are
on
the
same
order
as
those
used
to
treat
humans
for
weight
loss
when
one
takes
into
account
known
relations
between
body
mass
and
drug
clearance

However
,
no
human
studies
have
been
conducted
,
and
the
pathological
and
clinical
potential
for
neurotoxicity
in
humans
is
unknown

CONCLUSIONS
:
Fenfluramine
and
dexfenfluramine
have
been
demonstrated
to
damage
brain
serotonin
neurons
in
animal
studies

Use
of
fenfluramines
is
associated
with
an
increased
risk
of
PPH

Moxonidine
(
Physiotens-Solvay
)
was
introduced
last
year
as
the
first
of
a
new
class
of
centrally-acting
antihypertensive
agents
,
the
selective
imidazoline
receptor
agonists

Other
claims
suggest
that
it
causes
fewer
unwanted
effects
than
older
centrally-acting
antihypertensive
drugs
such
as
clonidine
and
methyldopa

Is
moxonidine
a
useful
addition
to
the
growing
number
of
antihypertensives
on
the
market
?

A
discussion
of
evaluative
techniques
for
assessing
anxiety
levels
follows

Examination
and
treatment
planning
are
considered
in
relation
to
this
patient
's
special
needs

In
closing
,
the
author
presents
practical
information
regarding
prevention
of
dental
phobia
and
the
merits
of
incorporating
this
type
of
patient
into
a
dental
practice

In
order
to
evaluate
the
applicability
of
anthelminthic
treatment
of
wild
foxes
(
Vulpes
vulpes
)
to
limit
their
infection
with
Echinococcus
multilocularis
,
bait
pellets
,
each
containing
50
mg
praziquantel
,
were
repeatedly
distributed
in
an
area
of
566
km2
where
many
foxes
are
infected
,
in
southern
Germany

After
six
baiting
campaigns
(
15-20
baits/km2
)
over
a
period
of
14
months
,
the
prevalence
of
the
cestode
in
foxes
,
initially
32
%
,
had
fallen
to
4
%

While
the
potential
of
this
baiting
method
to
remove
E

In
patients
with
chronic
myeloid
leukemia
(
CML
)
,
the
neoplastic
(
BCR-ABL+
)
progenitor
cells
are
characterized
by
an
increased
proliferative
activity

Whether
these
cells
are
also
resistant
to
apoptosis
and
if
so
,
under
what
conditions
remains
controversial

We
now
show
that
highly
purified
populations
of
very
primitive
neoplastic
progenitor
cells
obtained
directly
from
CML
patients
survive
and
proliferate
in
vitro
for
several
weeks
in
the
absence
of
any
added
growth
factors
(
except
insulin
)

Nevertheless
,
both
primary
CML
cells
and
BCR-ABL+
BAF3
cells
show
the
same
dose-dependent
sensitivity
to
TNF-alpha
or
ceramide-induced
apoptosis
as
their
respective
normal
counterparts

However
,
in
the
first
case
,
activation
of
apoptosis
is
blocked
by
the
basal
activity
of
p210
(
BCR-ABL
)
,
whereas
in
the
second
,
the
presence
of
p210
(
BCR-ABL
)
appears
to
accelerate
the
onset
of
apoptosis
by
a
mechanism
that
may
involve
an
activation
of
its
kinase
function

Clinically
,
the
hallmark
of
the
human
amnesic
syndrome
is
an
impaired
ability
to
consciously
recollect
or
remember
daily
events

If
the
medial
region
of
the
temporal
lobes
,
including
the
hippocampus
and
related
structures
,
is
critical
for
establishing
these
new
memories
,
then
this
brain
region
should
be
active
whenever
events
are
experienced
,
regardless
of
whether
subjects
are
asked
explicitly
to
learn
and
remember

These
findings
demonstrate
that
the
medial
temporal
lobe
memory
system
is
engaged
automatically
when
we
attend
to
a
perceptual
event
and
that
the
location
and
amount
of
activation
depend
on
stimulus
characteristics
(
physical
form
,
meaning
)
and
experience

The
involvement
of
structures
in
the
medial
temporal
lobe
during
the
encoding
of
visual
associations
was
studied
with
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging

In
11
out
of
12
normal
healthy
volunteers
this
task
resulted
in
activation
in
posterior
portions
of
the
parahippocampal
region
,
close
to
the
collateral
sulcus

In
seven
subjects
activation
was
encountered
in
the
hippocampal
formation

The
visual
association
task
as
adapted
for
this
study
may
provide
a
sensitive
measure
to
study
anterograde
amnesia
prevalent
in
Alzheimer
's
disease

Therefore
,
the
present
paradigm
enables
the
study
of
individual
changes
in
learning
and
memory
capacities
over
time

Altered
calcium
(
Ca2+
)
homeostasis
is
thought
to
play
a
key
role
in
aging
and
neuropathology
resulting
in
memory
deficits

Several
forms
of
hippocampal
synaptic
plasticity
are
dependent
on
Ca2+
,
providing
a
potential
link
between
altered
Ca2+
homeostasis
and
memory
deficits
associated
with
aging

The
current
study
reviews
evidence
for
Ca2+
dysregulation
during
aging
which
could
interact
with
Ca
(
2+
)
-dependent
synaptic
plasticity

The
authors
suggest
that
changes
in
Ca2+
regulation
could
adjust
the
thresholds
for
synaptic
modification
,
favoring
processes
for
depression
of
synaptic
strength
during
aging

Other
studies
have
reported
TEOAEs
in
all
normal
ears

Differences
between
studies
may
arise
directly
from
criteria
for
TEOAE
identification
,
criteria
for
selection
of
normals
,
or
statistically
due
to
limited
sample
sizes

A
total
of
397
ears
from
highly
cooperative
adult
subjects
were
examined
under
laboratory
conditions

Using
cross
correlation
between
replicate
nonlinear
waveforms
as
the
criterion
,
TEOAEs
were
present
in
99.2
%
of
the
sample
(
lower
CI
98.1
%
)

While
TEOAE
strength
varies
widely
among
ears
,
no
clear
evidence
was
found
to
show
that
TEOAEs
can
be
absent
when
HTLs
are
normal

In
addition
to
a
long
form
of
591
amino
acids
(
aa
)
,
two
other
forms
of
PRL
receptor
(
PRLR
)
,
differing
in
the
length
of
their
cytoplasmic
domains
,
have
been
identified
in
the
rat

The
Nb2
form
,
lacking
198
aa
in
the
cytoplasmic
domain
,
is
able
to
transmit
a
lactogenic
signal
similar
to
the
long
form
,
whereas
the
short
form
of
291
aa
is
inactive

The
ability
of
PRL
to
activate
the
promoter
of
the
beta-casein
gene
or
the
lactogenic
hormone
responsive
element
fused
to
the
luciferase
reporter
was
assessed
in
Chinese
hamster
ovary
cells
or
293
fibroblasts
transiently
transfected
with
PRLR
cDNAs

We
cotransfected
Chinese
hamster
ovary
cells
with
two
cDNA
constructs
:
a
cytoplasmic
(
soluble
)
form
of
the
receptor
with
a
deleted
signal
peptide
(
delta-19
)
,
which
is
unable
to
bind
PRL
,
and
a
functionally
inactive
receptor
mutant
(
lacking
box
1
)
,
which
is
anchored
in
the
plasma
membrane
and
able
to
bind
PRL

This
approach
has
allowed
us
to
show
that
delta-19
,
lacking
expression
at
the
plasma
membrane
,
can
transduce
the
hormonal
message
,
at
least
to
a
limited
extent
(
up
to
30
%
of
wild
type
efficiency
)
,
providing
that
association/activation
occurs
with
a
PRL-PRLR
complex
initiated
at
the
cell
surface
level
;
box
1
of
the
cytoplasmic
form
is
necessary
to
rescue
this
partial
transcriptional
activity
of
the
inactive
mutant

Our
results
provide
evidence
that
heterodimerization
of
receptors
can
be
implicated
either
in
the
positive
or
in
negative
activation
of
gene
transcription

METHODS
:
We
studied
the
effects
of
three
years
of
dietary
supplementation
with
calcium
and
vitamin
D
on
bone
mineral
density
,
biochemical
measures
of
bone
metabolism
,
and
the
incidence
of
nonvertebral
fractures
in
176
men
and
213
women
65
years
of
age
or
older
who
were
living
at
home

They
received
either
500
mg
of
calcium
plus
700
IU
of
vitamin
D3
(
cholecalciferol
)
per
day
or
placebo

Bone
mineral
density
was
measured
by
dual-energy
x-ray
absorptiometry
,
blood
and
urine
were
analyzed
every
six
months
,
and
cases
of
nonvertebral
fracture
were
ascertained
by
means
of
interviews
and
verified
with
use
of
hospital
records

RESULTS
:
The
mean
(
+/-SD
)
changes
in
bone
mineral
density
in
the
calcium-vitamin
D
and
placebo
groups
were
as
follows
:
femoral
neck
,
+0.50+/-4.80
and
-0.70+/-5.03
percent
,
respectively
(
P=0.02
)
;
spine
,
+2.12+/-4.06
and
+1.22+/-4.25
percent
(
P=0.04
)
;
and
total
body
,
+0.06+/-1.83
and
-1.09+/-1.71
percent
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.001
)

The
difference
between
the
calcium-vitamin
D
and
placebo
groups
was
significant
at
all
skeletal
sites
after
one
year
,
but
it
was
significant
only
for
total-body
bone
mineral
density
in
the
second
and
third
years

Of
37
subjects
who
had
nonvertebral
fractures
,
26
were
in
the
placebo
group
and
11
were
in
the
calcium-vitamin
D
group
(
P=0.02
)

CONCLUSIONS
:
In
men
and
women
65
years
of
age
or
older
who
are
living
in
the
community
,
dietary
supplementation
with
calcium
and
vitamin
D
moderately
reduced
bone
loss
measured
in
the
femoral
neck
,
spine
,
and
total
body
over
the
three-year
study
period
and
reduced
the
incidence
of
nonvertebral
fractures

The
sterilization
and
contaminated
waste
disposal
practices
in
all
14
dental
clinics
operated
by
the
Southern
Sydney
Area
Health
Service
were
surveyed

All
of
the
clinics
used
autoclaves
for
sterilization

Chemical
disinfection
solutions
were
used
in
12
of
the
14
dental
clinics
,
mainly
for
surface
decontamination

Five
dental
clinics
had
separate
storage
areas
for
contaminated
waste
which
compiled
with
contaminated
waste
separation
and
disposal
guidelines

The
practice
of
recapping
needles
with
fingers
and
some
inadequate
washing
facilities
are
areas
that
require
particular
attention

Safety
and
efficacy
are
crucial
but
separate
issues
for
vitamin
and
mineral
supplements

Misinterpretation
of
``
safe
and
adequate
''
to
mean
``
safety
limit
''
would
impose
restrictions
on
vitamin
and
mineral
intakes
that
are
not
needed
to
ensure
safety

Substantial
evidence
indicates
that
intakes
greater
than
the
recommended
dietary
allowances
(
RDAs
)
of
certain
vitamins
and
minerals
such
as
calcium
,
folic
acid
,
vitamin
E
,
selenium
,
and
chromium
reduce
the
risk
of
certain
diseases
for
some
people

Limitation
of
intakes
to
the
RDAs
would
preclude
reductions
in
disease
risk
from
these
nutrients

The
margin
of
safety
between
the
usual
dietary
intake
and
the
intake
that
would
produce
adverse
effects
varies
greatly
among
the
different
nutrients

Very
high
intakes
of
vitamins
A
and
D
,
niacin
,
pyridoxine
,
and
selenium
have
produced
adverse
effects

Many
widely
discussed
putative
adverse
effects
of
vitamin
C
,
vitamin
E
,
and
trivalent
chromium
have
little
factual
basis

There
is
no
evidence
of
adverse
effects
from
beta-carotene
supplements
except
in
current
heavy
smokers

The
mutator
hypothesis
of
tumorigenesis
suggests
that
loss
of
chromosomal
stability
or
maintenance
functions
results
in
elevated
mutation
rates
,
leading
to
the
accumulation
of
the
numerous
mutations
required
for
multistep
carcinogenesis

Mutations
in
one
of
these
MMR
genes
,
hMSH2
,
account
for
about
half
of
all
cases
of
genetically
linked
hereditary
non-polyposis
colorectal
cancer

Loss
of
function
of
p53
has
also
been
proposed
to
increase
cellular
hypermutability
,
thereby
accelerating
carcinogenesis
,
although
a
clear
role
for
p53
in
genomic
instability
remains
controversial

p53
is
mutated
frequently
in
a
wide
range
of
human
cancers
,
including
colonic
tumours

Both
Msh2-
and
p53-targeted
knockout
mice
are
viable
and
susceptible
to
cancer

Here
we
demonstrate
that
combined
Msh2
and
p53
ablation
(
Msh2-/-p53-/-
)
results
in
developmental
arrest
of
all
female
embryos
at
9.5
days

In
contrast
,
male
Msh2-/-p53-/-
mice
are
viable
,
but
succumb
to
tumours
significantly
earlier
(
t1-2
is
73
days
)
than
either
Msh2-/-
or
p53-/-
littermates

Furthermore
,
the
frequency
of
microsatellite
instability
(
MSI
)
in
tumours
from
Msh2-/-p53-/-
mice
is
not
significantly
different
than
in
Msh2-/-
mice

Our
data
(
Reddy
et
al
.
,
Radiat

Res

141
,
252-258
,
1995
)
on
the
kinetics
of
the
repair
of
potentially
lethal
damage
in
log-phase
Chinese
hamster
V79
cells
are
used
to
test
some
predictions
which
arise
from
the
different
assumptions
of
the
repair-misrepair
(
RMR
)
(
C

A

Tobias
,
Radiat

Res

104
,
S77-S95
,
1985
)
,
lethal-potentially
lethal
(
LPL
)
(
S.
B

Res

Y

Ostashevsky
,
Radiat

Res

118
,
437-466
,
1989
)
models

The
LPL
model
defines
the
time
available
for
repair
of
PLD
(
t
(
rep
)
)
as
the
time
taken
to
reach
maximal
survival
in
a
delayed-plating
recovery
experiment

Those
data
show
that
after
this
time
has
elapsed
,
contrary
to
the
expectation
of
the
LPL
model
,
survival
can
be
increased
by
changing
the
medium
used
for
delayed
plating
from
fresh
growth
medium
to
conditioned
medium

According
to
the
RMR
model
,
all
potentially
lethal
lesions
should
also
be
committed
by
that
time
and
be
unavailable
for
repair
in
the
new
medium

Only
the
DSB
model
correctly
predicted
that
PLD
(
=
DSBs
)
would
still
be
available
for
repair
after
that
time

Second
,
data
for
split-dose
recovery
are
used
to
predict
the
first-order
kinetics
time
constant
for
DSB
repair
(
tau
(
DSBR
)
)
using
the
DSB
model
(
24
+/-
1.5
min
)

This
value
is
nearly
identical
to
the
value
of
27
+/-
1
min
determined
from
the
data
obtained
by
Cheong
et
al
.
using
pulsed-field
gel
electrophoresis
(
PFGE
)
(
Mutat

Res

274
,
111-122
,
1992
)

The
value
based
on
PFGE
is
used
to
calculate
the
value
of
t
(
rep
)
predicted
by
the
DSB
model
(
2.6
+/-
0.1
h
)
,
which
agrees
with
the
value
determined
experimentally
as
the
time
when
changing
the
delayed-plating
medium
from
growth
medium
to
conditioned
medium
no
longer
gives
the
full
recovery
seen
with
delayed
plating
in
conditioned
medium
(
2.5
h
)

The
early
t
(
rep
)
,
associated
with
tau
(
fast
)
,
is
predicted
to
be
1.7
+/-
0.7
h
,
and
the
late
t
(
rep
)
,
associated
with
tau
(
slow
)
,
is
predicted
to
be
about
5
h.
Both
values
are
in
excellent
agreement
with
the
times
at
which
changing
from
growth
medium
to
conditioned
medium
no
longer
gives
the
full
recovery
seen
in
conditioned
medium
only
(
the
early
t
(
rep
)
)
,
and
the
time
when
changing
from
growth
medium
to
conditioned
medium
produces
no
further
increase
in
survival
(
the
late
t
(
rep
)
)
,
respectively

It
is
noted
that
attempts
to
correlate
radiosensitivity
with
the
rates
of
DSB
repair
,
rather
than
using
an
explicit
model
such
as
the
DSB
model
,
are
unlikely
to
be
productive
since
survival
depends
on
both
tau
(
DSBR
)
and
t
(
rep
)
(
as
defined
in
the
DSB
model
)
and
the
latter
may
be
the
more
important
determinant
of
radiosensitivity
(
as
it
appears
to
be
for
ataxia
telangiectasia
cells
compared
to
normal
fibroblasts
and
for
irs
compared
to
V79
cells
)

CONTEXT
:
Adolescents
'
concerns
about
privacy
in
clinical
settings
decrease
their
willingness
to
seek
health
care
for
sensitive
problems
and
may
inhibit
their
communication
with
physicians

OBJECTIVE
:
To
investigate
the
influence
of
physicians
'
assurances
of
confidentiality
on
adolescents
'
willingness
to
disclose
information
and
seek
future
health
care

SETTING
:
Three
suburban
public
high
schools
in
California

MAIN
OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
Adolescents
'
willingness
to
disclose
general
information
,
willingness
to
disclose
information
about
sensitive
topics
,
intended
honesty
,
and
likelihood
of
return
visits
to
the
physician
depicted
in
the
scenario
were
assessed
by
anonymous
written
questionnaire

RESULTS
:
Assurances
of
confidentiality
increased
the
number
of
adolescents
willing
to
disclose
sensitive
information
about
sexuality
,
substance
use
,
and
mental
health
from
39
%
(
68/175
)
to
46.5
%
(
178/383
)
(
beta=.10
,
P=.02
)
and
increased
the
number
willing
to
seek
future
health
care
from
53
%
(
93/175
)
to
67
%
(
259/386
)
(
beta=.17
,
P
&
#
60
;
.001
)

When
comparing
the
unconditional
with
the
conditional
groups
,
assurances
of
unconditional
confidentiality
increased
the
number
of
adolescents
willing
to
return
for
a
future
visit
by
10
percentage
points
,
from
62
%
(
122/196
)
to
72
%
(
137/190
)
(
beta=.14
,
P=.001
)

CONCLUSIONS
:
Adolescents
are
more
willing
to
communicate
with
and
seek
health
care
from
physicians
who
assure
confidentiality

Further
investigation
is
needed
to
identify
a
confidentiality
assurance
statement
that
explains
the
legal
and
ethical
limitations
of
confidentiality
without
decreasing
adolescents
'
likelihood
of
seeking
future
health
care
for
routine
and
nonreportable
sensitive
health
concerns

BACKGROUND
:
Diabetic
foot
infections
cause
substantial
morbidity
and
mortality

Neutrophil
superoxide
generation
,
a
crucial
part
of
neutrophil
bactericidal
activity
,
is
impaired
in
diabetes

We
assessed
G-CSF
as
adjuvant
therapy
for
the
treatment
of
severe
foot
infections
in
diabetic
patients

Both
groups
received
similar
antibiotic
and
insulin
treatment

No
G-CSF-treated
patient
needed
surgery
,
whereas
two
placebo
recipients
underwent
to
amputation
and
two
had
extensive
debridement
under
anaesthesia

G-CSF
therapy
was
generally
well
tolerated

This
improvement
may
be
related
to
an
increase
in
neutrophil
superoxide
production

BACKGROUND
:
Accelerated
infusion
of
alteplase
(
tissue
plasminogen
activator
)
over
a
period
of
90
minutes
induces
more
rapid
lysis
of
coronary-artery
thrombi
than
a
3-hour
infusion

With
two
bolus
doses
of
alteplase
,
further
shortening
the
duration
of
administration
,
complete
reperfusion
was
achieved
in
more
than
85
percent
of
the
patients
in
initial
angiographic
studies

We
tested
the
hypothesis
that
double-bolus
alteplase
is
at
least
as
effective
as
accelerated
infusion

METHODS
:
In
398
hospitals
,
7169
patients
with
acute
myocardial
infarction
were
randomly
assigned
to
weight-adjusted
,
accelerated
infusion
of
100
mg
of
alteplase
or
to
a
bolus
of
50
mg
of
alteplase
over
a
period
of
1
to
3
minutes
followed
30
minutes
later
by
a
second
bolus
of
50
mg
(
or
40
mg
for
patients
who
weighed
less
than
60
kg
)

The
primary
end
point
was
death
from
any
cause
at
30
days

The
trial
was
stopped
prematurely
because
of
concern
about
the
safety
of
the
double-bolus
injection

RESULTS
:
Thirty-day
mortality
was
higher
in
the
double-bolus
group
than
in
the
accelerated-infusion
group
:
7.98
percent
as
compared
with
7.53
percent

Therefore
,
accelerated
infusion
of
alteplase
over
a
period
of
90
minutes
remains
the
preferred
regimen

BACKGROUND
:
Fenfluramine
and
phentermine
have
been
individually
approved
as
anorectic
agents
by
the
Food
and
Drug
Administration
(
FDA
)

When
used
in
combination
the
drugs
may
be
just
as
effective
as
either
drug
alone
,
with
the
added
advantages
of
the
need
for
lower
doses
of
each
agent
and
perhaps
fewer
side
effects

Although
the
combination
has
not
been
approved
by
the
FDA
,
in
1996
the
total
number
of
prescriptions
in
the
United
States
for
fenfluramine
and
phentermine
exceeded
18
million

The
women
presented
with
cardiovascular
symptoms
or
a
heart
murmur

As
increasing
numbers
of
these
patients
with
similar
clinical
features
were
identified
,
there
appeared
to
be
an
association
between
these
features
and
fenfluramine-phentermine
therapy

RESULTS
:
Twenty-four
women
(
mean
(
+/-SD
)
age
,
44+/-8
years
)
were
evaluated
12.3+/-7.1
months
after
the
initiation
of
fenfluramine-phentermine
therapy

Echocardiography
demonstrated
unusual
valvular
morphology
and
regurgitation
in
all
patients

To
date
,
cardiac
surgical
intervention
has
been
required
in
five
patients

The
histopathological
features
were
identical
to
those
seen
in
carcinoid
or
ergotamine-induced
valve
disease

CONCLUSIONS
:
These
cases
arouse
concern
that
fenfluramine-phentermine
therapy
may
be
associated
with
valvular
heart
disease

Candidates
for
fenfluramine-phentermine
therapy
should
be
informed
about
serious
potential
adverse
effects
,
including
pulmonary
hypertension
and
valvular
heart
disease

<
TO_SEE
>
Between
1987
and
1992
,
all
patients
presenting
to
the
senior
author
with
a
symptomatic
failed
silicone
implant
arthroplasty
refractory
to
conservative
treatment
were
converted
to
a
metatarsophalangeal
joint
arthrodesis

Internal
fixation
was
achieved
with
either
dual
intrameduilary
threaded
Steinmann
pins
or
an
obliquely
placed
AO
compression
screw
and
a
three-
or
four-hole
one-third
tubular
dorsal
neutralization
plate

Bone
grafting
was
used
to
maintain
hallux
length

The
average
walking
tolerance
improved
from
1.11
to
4.80
,
and
the
overall
level
of
satisfaction
improved
from
0.0
to
4.79

Successful
arthrodesis
produces
a
foot
that
is
more
functional
and
durable
than
excisional
arthroplasty

Subjectively
,
these
patients
stated
that
their
level
of
pain
,
walking
tolerance
,
and
overall
satisfaction
improved
significantly
after
the
arthrodesis

Clinically
,
there
was
no
evidence
of
transfer
lesions
,
tenderness
,
or
hallux
subluxation

Despite
this
,
patient
satisfaction
was
high

Arthrodesis
of
the
first
metatarsophalangeal
joint
using
a
bone
graft
to
salvage
failed
silicone
implant
arthroplasty
produces
acceptable
subjective
and
radiographic
results

Although
technically
demanding
,
it
provides
long-term
stability
to
the
hallux
,
restores
weightbearing
,
and
allows
for
maintenance
of
a
propulsive
gait

We
recommend
this
procedure
instead
of
an
excisional
arthroplasty
to
maintain
high
level
of
function
and
overall
patient
satisfaction

DESIGN
:
Prospective
community-based
study

SETTING
:
Black
residents
of
Harare
,
Zimbabwe

RESULTS
:
The
crude
incidence
rate
was
estimated
to
be
30.7
per
100000
(
95
%
confidence
interval
27.1-34.4
)
and
the
standardised
rate
was
68
per
100000

CONCLUSION
:
With
a
standardised
rate
of
68
per
100000
and
a
first-week
mortality
rate
of
35
%
,
stroke
must
now
be
considered
an
important
cause
of
morbidity
and
mortality
in
the
population

OBJECTIVE
:
To
explore
the
long-term
effect
of
calcium
supplementation
during
pregnancy
on
the
offspring
's
blood
pressure
during
childhood

DESIGN
:
Follow
up
of
a
population
enrolled
in
a
double
blind
,
randomised
,
placebo
controlled
trial

SETTING
:
Perinatal
research
unit
,
World
Health
Organisation
's
collaborative
research
centre

SUBJECTS
:
591
children
at
a
mean
age
of
7
years
whose
mothers
were
randomly
assigned
during
pregnancy
to
receive
2
g/day
of
elemental
calcium
(
n
=
298
)
or
placebo
(
n
=
293
)

RESULTS
:
Overall
,
systolic
blood
pressure
was
lower
in
the
calcium
group
(
mean
difference
-1.4
mm
Hg
;
95
%
confidence
interval
-3.2
to
0.5
)
than
in
the
placebo
group

The
effect
was
found
predominantly
among
children
whose
body
mass
index
at
assessment
was
above
the
median
for
this
population
(
mean
difference
in
systolic
blood
pressure
-5.8
mm
Hg
(
-9.8
mm
Hg
to
-1.7
mm
Hg
)
for
children
with
an
index
>
17.5
and
-3.2
mm
Hg
(
-6.3
mm
Hg
to
-0.1
mm
Hg
)
for
those
with
an
index
of
>
15.7
to
17.5
)

The
risk
of
high
systolic
blood
pressure
was
also
lower
in
the
calcium
group
than
in
the
placebo
group
(
relative
risk
0.59
;
0.39
to
0.90
)
and
particularly
among
children
in
the
highest
fourth
of
body
mass
index
(
0.43
;
0.26
to
0.71
)

The
fast
reaction
of
peroxynitrite
with
CO2
and
the
high
concentration
of
dissolved
CO2
in
vivo
(
ca

1
mM
)
suggest
that
CO2
modulates
most
of
the
reactions
of
peroxynitrite
in
biological
systems

We
now
show
that
the
formation
of
1
is
followed
by
reformation
of
CO2
(
rather
than
another
carbonate
species
such
as
CO3
=
or
HCO3-
)

To
show
this
,
it
is
necessary
to
study
systems
with
limiting
concentrations
of
CO2

(
When
CO2
is
present
in
excess
,
its
concentration
remains
nearly
constant
during
the
decomposition
of
peroxynitrite
,
and
the
recycling
of
CO2
,
although
it
occurs
,
can
not
be
detected
kinetically
)

We
find
that
CO2
is
a
true
catalyst
of
the
decomposition
of
peroxynitrite
,
and
this
fundamental
insight
into
its
action
must
be
rationalized
by
any
in
vivo
or
in
vitro
reaction
mechanism
that
is
proposed

When
the
concentration
of
CO2
is
lower
than
that
of
peroxynitrite
,
the
reformation
of
CO2
amplifies
the
fraction
of
peroxynitrite
that
reacts
with
CO2

Even
low
concentrations
of
CO2
that
result
from
the
dissolution
of
ambient
CO2
can
have
pronounced
catalytic
effects

These
effects
can
cause
deviations
from
predicted
kinetic
behavior
in
studies
of
peroxynitrite
in
noncarbonate
buffers
in
vitro
,
and
since
1
and
other
intermediates
derived
from
it
are
oxidants
and/or
nitrating
agents
,
some
of
the
reactions
attributed
to
peroxynitrite
may
depend
on
the
availability
of
CO2

A
prospective
,
randomized
,
placebo-controlled
,
double-blind
,
parallel-group
,
6-month
study
assessed
the
efficacy
and
safety
of
ropinirole
,
a
nonergoline
D2-dopamine
agonist
,
in
patients
with
early
Parkinson
's
disease
(
n
=
241
;
Hoehn
&
#
38
;
Yahr
stages
I
to
III
)
with
limited
or
no
prior
dopaminergic
therapy

Patients
(
mean
age
,
62.8
years
)
,
stratified
by
concomitant
use
of
selegiline
,
were
randomized
to
ropinirole
(
n
=
116
)
or
placebo
(
n
=
125
)

The
starting
dose
of
ropinirole
was
0.25
mg
tid
with
titration
to
at
least
1.5
mg
tid
(
maximum
dose
,
8
mg
tid
)

Ropinirole
was
well
tolerated
and
patient
withdrawals
were
infrequent

Starfish
oocytes
can
be
fertilized
after
germinal
vesicle
breakdown
(
GVBD
)
and
artificial
parthenogenesis
can
be
induced
by
activating
the
oocytes
after
GVBD
(
post-GVBD
activation
)

Most
of
the
caffeine-treated
eggs
developed
as
tetraploids
,
as
parthenogenotes
produced
by
the
post-GVBD
activation

The
parthengenotes
were
derived
only
from
eggs
that
failed
to
extrude
polar
bodies
,
mostly
from
eggs
failing
to
extrude
a
second
polar
body

Eggs
derived
from
immature
oocytes
activated
by
A23187
,
treated
with
1-MeAde
and
post-treated
with
cytochalasin
B
failed
to
extrude
polar
bodies
,
and
eventually
developed
into
parthenogenetic
embryos

We
hypothesized
that
fluoride
partly
acts
by
changing
the
levels
of
circulating
calcium-regulating
hormones
and
skeletal
growth
factors

The
effects
of
oral
fluoride
on
24
female
,
Dutch-Belted
,
young
adult
rabbits
were
studied

The
rabbits
were
divided
into
two
study
groups
,
one
control
and
the
other
receiving
about
16
mg
fluoride/rabbit/day
in
their
drinking
water

After
6
months
of
fluoride
dosing
,
all
rabbits
were
euthanized
and
bone
and
blood
samples
were
taken
for
analyses

Fluoride
treatment
increased
serum
and
bone
fluoride
levels
by
over
an
order
of
magnitude
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.001
)
,
but
did
not
affect
body
weight
or
the
following
serum
biochemical
variables
:
urea
,
creatinine
,
phosphorus
,
total
protein
,
albumin
,
bilirubin
,
SGOT
,
or
total
alkaline
phosphatase

<
TO_SEE
>
No
skeletal
fluorosis
or
osteomalacia
was
observed
histologically
,
nor
did
fluoride
affect
serum
PTH
or
Vitamin
D
metabolites
(
P
>
0.4
)

BAP
was
increased
37
%
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.05
)
by
fluoride
;
serum
TRAP
was
increased
42
%
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.05
)
;
serum
IGF-1
was
increased
40
%
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.05
)

However
,
the
increases
in
bone
mass
and
bone
formation
were
not
reflected
in
improved
bone
strength

Fluoride
decreased
bone
strength
by
about
19
%
in
the
L5
vertebra
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.01
)
and
25
%
in
the
femoral
neck
(
P
&
#
60
;
0

05
)

X-ray
diffraction
showed
altered
mineral
crystal
thickness
in
fluoride-treated
bones
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.001
)
,
and
there
was
a
negative
association
between
crystal
width
and
fracture
stress
of
the
femur
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.02
)

In
conclusion
,
fluoride
's
effects
on
bone
mass
and
bone
turnover
were
not
mediated
by
PTH

IGF-1
was
increased
by
fluoride
and
was
associated
with
increased
bone
turnover
,
but
was
not
correlated
with
bone
formation
markers

PURPOSE
:
To
determine
the
effect
of
various
methods
of
managing
the
posterior
capsule
and
anterior
vitreous
on
the
rate
of
posterior
capsule
opacification
in
pediatric
eyes
implanted
with
posterior
chamber
intraocular
lenses
(
PC
IOLs
)

METHODS
:
We
reviewed
the
charts
of
20
eyes
of
15
children
(
aged
1.5
to
2
years
)
who
had
primary
cataract
surgery
with
PC
IOL
implantation
during
the
past
5
years

The
posterior
capsule
and
anterior
vitreous
were
managed
in
a
variety
of
ways
:
In
5
eyes
,
the
posterior
capsule
was
left
intact
;
in
15
eyes
,
a
posterior
continuous
curvilinear
capsulorhexis
(
PCCC
)
was
performed
-
6
with
and
9
without
anterior
vitrectomy
;
in
8
eyes
,
posterior
optic
capture
was
performed
-
3
with
and
5
without
vitrectomy

The
follow-up
ranged
from
1
to
4.5
years
(
mean
2
years
)

RESULTS
:
Visually
significant
secondary
cataract
developed
in
the
five
eyes
with
intact
posterior
capsules
and
in
the
four
eyes
that
had
PCCC
without
vitrectomy
and
without
posterior
optic
capture
(
i.e
.
,
the
optic
was
left
in
the
capsular
bag
)

The
optical
axis
remained
clear
in
the
six
eyes
that
had
PC
IOL
implantation
with
vitrectomy
(
with
or
without
posterior
optic
capture
)

Initially
,
all
eyes
that
had
optic
capture
without
vitrectomy
also
remained
clear
,
but
after
6
months
,
four
of
five
developed
opacification

CONCLUSION
:
In
this
series
,
PCCC
with
anterior
vitrectomy
was
the
only
effective
method
of
preventing
or
delaying
secondary
cataract
formation
in
infants
and
children

In
the
present
study
the
potent
5-HT1A
receptor
agonist
,
8-hydroxy-2-
(
di-n-propylamino
)
-tetralin
(
8-OH-DPAT
)
was
tested
for
its
effect
on
plasma
cortisol
concentrations
in
rainbow
trout
(
Oncorhynchus
mykiss
)

Blood
was
sampled
and
8-OH-DPAT
administered
through
a
catheter
in
the
dorsal
aorta

Thirty
minutes
after
the
injection
of
40
microg
of
8-OH-DPAT/kg
,
plasma
cortisol
levels
had
increased
from
12
to
149
ng/ml
,
whereupon
they
fell
,
reaching
baseline
levels
after
4
h.
The
effect
of
1-40
microg
8-OH-DPAT/kg
on
plasma
cortisol
concentrations
was
dose-dependent

The
results
lends
further
support
to
the
hypothesis
that
the
brain
serotonergic
system
plays
a
key
role
in
integrating
autonomic
,
behavioral
and
neuroendocrine
stress-responses
in
fish
as
well
as
mammals
,
suggesting
that
not
only
the
structural
and
biochemical
organization
,
but
also
the
function
of
the
serotonergic
system
has
been
conserved
during
vertebrate
evolution

OBJECTIVE
:
To
assess
the
medicalising
effect
of
prescribing
antibiotics
for
sore
throat

SETTING
:
11
general
practices
in
England

DESIGN
:
Randomised
trial
of
three
approaches
to
sore
throat
:
a
10
day
prescription
of
antibiotics
,
no
antibiotics
,
or
a
delayed
prescription
if
the
sore
throat
had
not
started
to
settle
after
three
days

PATIENTS
:
716
patients
aged
4
and
over
with
sore
throat
and
an
abnormal
physical
sign
:
84
%
had
tonsillitis
or
pharyngitis

OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
Number
and
rate
of
patients
making
a
first
return
with
sore
throat
,
pharyngitis
,
or
tonsillitis

Early
returns
(
within
two
weeks
)
and
complications
(
otitis
media
,
sinusitis
,
quinsy
)

Outcomes
were
documented
in
675
subjects
(
94
%
)

CONCLUSIONS
:
Complications
and
early
return
resulting
from
no
or
delayed
prescribing
of
antibiotics
for
sore
throat
are
rare

To
avoid
medicalising
a
self
limiting
illness
doctors
should
avoid
antibiotics
or
offer
a
delayed
prescription
for
most
patients
with
sore
throat

<
TO_SEE
>
Eighty
women
undergoing
cesarean
section
(
C/S
)
with
epidural
2
%
lidocaine
with
epinephrine
(
1
:
200
,
000
)
were
randomly
assigned
to
receive
double-blind
epidural
administration
of
F
(
25
,
50
,
100
,
or
200
microg
)
or
S
(
5
,
10
,
20
,
or
30
microg
)
(
n
=
10
per
group
)
upon
complaint
of
pain
postoperatively

Visual
analog
scales
(
VAS
,
0-100
mm
)
were
used
to
assess
pain
and
sedation
at
baseline
;
at
3
,
6
,
9
,
12
,
15
,
20
,
25
,
30
,
45
,
and
60
min
;
and
every
30
min
until
further
analgesia
was
requested

F
25
microg
and
S
5
microg
were
ineffective
,
with
significantly
fewer
women
achieving
VAS
scores
&
#
60
;
10
mm
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.05
compared
with
F
100
or
200
microg
and
S
20
or
30
microg
)

The
50
%
and
95
%
effective
dose
values
for
each
opioid
to
achieve
a
VAS
score
&
#
60
;
10
mm
were
F
33
microg
and
92
microg
and
S
6.7
microg
and
17.5
microg

We
describe
2
cases
in
which
intraoperative
transesophageal
echocardiography
detected
complications
related
to
the
proximal
coronary
arteries
during
homograft
aortic
valve
and
root
replacement

In
both
cases
,
cardiopulmonary
bypass
could
not
be
discontinued
despite
the
use
of
large
doses
of
inotropic
drugs

Coronary
artery
bypass
grafting
was
performed
in
both
cases
,
and
the
outcome
was
successful

<
TO_SEE
>
Granulocyte
colony-stimulating
factor
(
G-CSF
)
has
been
used
to
improve
granulocyte
count
in
chronic
neutropenia
and
myelodysplasia
,
to
minimize
the
incidence
and
duration
of
neutropenia
during
conventional
chemotherapy
,
and
to
mobilize
peripheral
blood
stem
cells
prior
to
leukapheresis
for
use
in
autologous
and
allogeneic
marrow
transplantation

The
most
common
toxicity
is
bone
pain
,
and
other
reactions
such
as
inflammation
at
the
site
of
injection
have
also
occurred

However
,
thus
far
,
no
life-threatening
sequelae
of
these
effects
are
found
in
the
literature

We
now
describe
a
case
of
spontaneous
splenic
rupture
four
days
following
a
six-day
course
of
G-CSF
therapy
in
an
allogeneic
donor
of
peripheral
blood
stem
cells

Evidence-based
medicine
(
EBM
)
aids
clinical
decision
making
in
all
fields
of
medicine
,
including
primary
care

General
practice
is
characterized
by
particular
emphasis
on
the
doctor-patient
relationship
and
on
biomedical
,
personal
and
contextual
perspectives
in
diagnosis

Most
evidence
available
to
general
practitioners
(
GPs
)
addresses
only
the
bio-medical
perspective
and
is
often
not
directly
applicable
to
primary
care
,
as
it
derives
from
secondary
or
tertiary
care

Emphasis
on
the
biomedical
domain
and
the
randomized
controlled
trial
(
RCT
)
alone
reflects
a
reductionist
approach
that
fails
to
do
justice
to
the
philosophy
of
general
practice

The
art
of
medicine
is
founded
on
context
,
anecdote
,
patient
stories
of
illness
and
personal
experience
,
and
we
should
continue
to
blend
this
with
good
quality
and
appropriate
research
findings
in
patient
care

Abdominal
tuberculosis
is
not
uncommon
in
the
UK
,
especially
in
Asian
immigrants

It
resembles
Crohn
's
disease
clinically
and
radiologically
,
and
it
may
be
difficult
to
differentiate
between
them
,
even
at
laparotomy
or
histology

The
distinction
is
important
,
however
,
for
proper
management
of
the
two
conditions

The
data
were
then
meta-analyzed
to
produce
outcome
estimates
for
alternative
surgical
procedures

RESULTS
:
The
data
indicate
that
after
48
months
retropubic
suspensions
and
slings
appear
to
be
more
efficacious
than
transvaginal
suspensions
,
and
also
more
efficacious
than
anterior
repairs

The
literature
suggests
higher
complication
rates
when
synthetic
materials
are
used
for
slings

CONCLUSIONS
:
The
panel
found
sufficient
acceptable
long-term
outcomes
data
(
longer
than
48
months
)
to
conclude
that
surgical
treatment
of
female
stress
urinary
incontinence
is
effective
,
offering
a
long-term
cure
in
a
significant
percentage
of
women

Retropubic
suspensions
and
slings
are
the
most
efficacious
procedures
for
long-term
success
(
based
on
cure/dry
rates
)

However
,
in
the
panel
's
opinion
retropubic
suspensions
and
sling
procedures
are
associated
with
slightly
higher
complication
rates
,
including
longer
convalescence
and
postoperative
voiding
dysfunction

A
55-year-old
lady
underwent
repeat
aortic
valve
replacement
using
a
16-mm
Carbomedics
prosthesis

She
made
an
uneventful
postoperative
recovery
and
now
leads
an
unrestricted
life

Doppler
echocardiography
reveals
a
21-mm
Hg
gradient
across
the
valve
at
rest

We
therefore
evaluated
the
effect
of
cure
of
Helicobacter
pylori
infection
on
basal
and
pentagastrin-stimulated
acid
secretion

RESULTS
:
The
gastritis
index
was
significantly
lower
after
therapy
and
was
associated
with
an
increase
in
both
BAO
and
MAO
after
cure
of
the
H.
pylori
infection
(
BAO
from
0.3
mmol/h
and
MAO
from
4.8
mmol/h
to
19
mmol/
h
)

Basal
and
stimulated
acid
concentrations
also
increased
(
29.1
+/-
36.6
to
54
+/-
31
mmol/l
and
72.5
+/-
46
to
120.1
+/-
30
mmol/l
,
respectively
,
for
basal
and
stimulated
acid
concentrations
;
P
&
#
60
;
0.05
for
peak
and
MAO
,
P
=
0.07
for
BAO
)

CONCLUSION
:
Gastric
acid
secretion
increased
into
the
normal
range
after
successful
treatment
of
H.
pylori
infection
,
suggesting
that
gastric
function
can
recover
to
normal
or
almost
normal
after
cure
of
H.
pylori
infection

OBJECTIVE
:
Reports
suggest
that
there
is
an
increased
incidence
of
preeclampsia
after
a
previously
normal
pregnancy
if
there
is
a
change
in
paternity

STUDY
DESIGN
:
This
was
a
retrospective
cohort
study

In
women
with
primary
infertility
all
pregnancies
achieved
by
either
partner
or
donor
intrauterine
insemination
carried
to
birth
of
a
fetus
(
>
20
weeks
)
were
identified

The
medical
records
were
examined
for
the
maternal
and
pregnancy
outcome
data

The
relative
risk
and
95
%
confidence
interval
were
calculated
for
the
risk
of
preeclampsia

The
baseline
data
were
compared
with
t
tests
,
chi
2
analysis
and
Fisher
's
exact
test
where
appropriate

RESULTS
:
Forty-four
patients
in
the
partner
intrauterine
insemination
group
and
37
in
the
donor
insemination
group
were
identified
as
having
primary
infertility

CONCLUSIONS
:
There
is
a
higher
incidence
of
preeclampsia
in
women
conceiving
by
intrauterine
insemination
with
washed
donor
sperm
compared
with
intrauterine
insemination
with
washed
partner
sperm
.

CONCLUSIONS
:
There
is
a
higher
incidence
of
preeclampsia
in
women
conceiving
by
intrauterine
insemination
with
washed
donor
sperm
compared
with
intrauterine
insemination
with
washed
partner
sperm
.

This
supports
,
indirectly
,
an
immunologic
basis
for
preeclampsia

After
a
rapid
examination
of
a
few
basic
concepts
concerning
cellular
aging
and
programmed
cell
death
,
the
aging
of
the
tissues
and
organs
,
the
authors
discuss
the
principal
theories
on
senescence

They
underline
that
it
is
necessary
to
agree
in
considering
the
various
genetic
and
epigenetic
,
endogenous
and
exogenous
mechanisms
that
lead
to
the
complex
aging
phenomenon
multiple
and
interrelated

In
particular
they
stress
the
hypothesis
that
senescence
can
be
due
to
a
sum
of
molecular
damages
caused
by
free
radicals
,
and
to
the
loss
of
telomeric
DNA

The
telomerase
prevents
the
shortening
of
telomeres
in
neoplastic
cells
and
therefore
renders
them
immortal

Paradoxically
the
protection
of
the
telomere
is
exactly
what
must
be
avoided
in
the
case
of
tumor
cells

Recently
the
demonstration
that
telomerase
is
not
always
involved
in
the
restoration
of
telomere
length
shows
the
complexity
of
the
problems
connected
to
the
cause
of
senescence

Chromosomally
integrated
retroviral
switch
(
S
)
substrates
have
been
developed
to
reveal
switch
recombinase-like
activities
(
SRLA
)
in
pre-B
and
mature
B
cell
lines

By
initially
selecting
for
proviral
integrants
in
hygromycin
followed
by
shifting
into
neomycin
+
ganciclovir
to
select
for
S
sequence-mediated
deletions
,
switch
recombinations
can
be
specifically
forestalled
in
B
cell
lines
whilst
most
switch-incompetent
cells
do
not
survive
secondary
selection

A
qualitative
,
direct
PCR
assay
reveals
that
SSR
recombinations
are
stochastic
in
B
cell
lines
generating
a
product
array
akin
to
natural
GH
class
switching

A
semi-quantitative
DC-PCR
assay
detects
a
significant
recombinase
activity
only
in
a
restricted
set
of
late
stage
pre-B
and
mature
B
cell
lines

BCL1B1
mature
B
cells
have
the
highest
level
of
recombinase
activity
with
25
%
or
more
of
proviral
integrants
accumulating
S
mu/S
gamma
2b
substrate
recombinations
within
10-14
cell
generations

The
SSR
recombinase
assay
can
be
performed
in
a
transient
fashion
wherein
extensive
,
B
cell-specific
recombination
can
be
visualized
within
only
a
few
cell
divisions
post
proviral
integration

We
propose
that
switch
recombinase
activity
becomes
activated
during
B
cell
ontogeny
independent
of
or
prior
to
the
acquisition
of
CH
locus
accessibility
and
that
endogenous
S
segment
targeting
to
pre-existing
recombinase
requires
a
level
of
accessibility
beyond
transcriptional
activation

OBJECTIVE
:
To
determine
the
prevalence
of
illicit
drug
abuse
and
alcohol
use
in
an
obstetric
population
based
in
an
urban
maternity
hospital

DESIGN
:
A
prospective
study
consisting
of
anonymous
,
unlinked
urine
testing
of
504
'first
visit
'
antenatal
patients
and
a
separate
group
of
515
patients
six
weeks
after
delivery

METHODS
&
#
38
;
OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
Toxicological
screening
using
enzyme-linked
immunoassay
techniques
,
with
all
positive
samples
being
reanalysed

Drug
histories
were
taken
and
samples
were
tested
for
alcohol
and
six
of
the
most
commonly
abused
drugs

Substances
identified
included
benzodiazepines
,
cannabis
,
amphetamines
,
opiates
and
cocaine

Less
than
2
%
of
samples
tested
positive
for
alcohol

None
of
the
women
yielding
positive
samples
had
been
pre-identified
on
the
basis
of
history

A
significant
proportion
of
the
women
were
in
the
high
risk
categories
with
regard
to
age
and
socio-economic
status

CONCLUSION
:
The
prevalence
of
drug
misuse
antenatally
was
nearly
3
%
and
postnatally
almost
6
%

Substance
abusers
in
pregnancy
are
more
likely
to
be
single
,
unemployed
,
and
to
have
had
a
previous
pregnancy

Schizophrenic
illnesses
occur
with
approximately
the
same
incidence
in
all
human
populations
with
a
characteristic
distribution
(
slightly
earlier
in
males
)
of
ages
of
onset

Given
that
the
predisposition
(
which
presumably
is
genetic
)
is
associated
with
a
procreative
disadvantage
why
do
such
illnesses
persist
?
Here
it
is
suggested
that
these
conditions
are
a
manifestation
of
genetic
diversity
in
the
evolution
of
the
specifically
human
characteristic
of
language
,
an
innovation
that
has
occurred
by
a
process
of
progressive
hemispheric
specialization-the
establishment
of
dominance
for
some
critical
component
of
language
in
one
or
the
other
hemisphere

Individuals
who
develop
schizophrenic
symptoms
show
lesser
anatomical
and
functional
asymmetries
than
the
population
as
a
whole
;
such
symptoms
may
reflect
'dominance
failure
'
for
language

Prenatal
diagnosis
can
be
difficult
especially
if
they
present
in
late
gestation

Here
we
present
two
cases
diagnosed
in
the
late
third
trimester
and
review
the
literature
regarding
prenatal
diagnosis
of
cloacal
anomalies

DESIGN
:
Blinded
group
comparison
of
randomly
selected
cases
of
cardiac
amyloidosis

SETTING
:
International
referral
centre
for
amyloid
research
and
treatment

RESULTS
:
Familial
and
AL
echocardiograms
were
morphologically
indistinguishable
,
with
similar
left
ventricular
wall
thickness
,
mean
(
SD
)
15.4
(
2.3
)
nu
15.8
(
2.5
)
mm
,
respectively
;
right
ventricular
wall
thickness
was
also
similar
between
amyloid
types
:
9.6
(
2.8
)
nu
9.7
(
6.5
)
mm
,
respectively

Doppler
indices
of
left
and
right
ventricular
function
,
left
ventricular
volume
,
and
ejection
fraction
were
also
similar

Low
voltage
electrocardiograms
(
&
#
60
;
0.5
mV
)
were
more
common
in
the
AL
(
16/24
,
67
%
)
than
in
the
familial
group
(
4/12
,
25
%
)
,
P
&
#
60
;
0.05

The
one
year
survival
for
familial
and
AL
forms
was
92
%
(
11/12
)
nu
38
%
(
6/24
)
,
respectively
,
with
virtually
all
deaths
due
to
cardiac
causes

CONCLUSIONS
:
Although
cardiac
involvement
is
echocardiographically
indistinguishable
,
cardiac
mortality
is
very
different
between
the
two
forms
of
amyloidosis

Preservation
of
electrocardiographic
voltage
in
familial
amyloidosis
suggests
that
the
particular
biochemical
characteristics
of
distinct
types
of
amyloid
fibril
have
different
pathological
effects
on
the
myocardium

This
distinction
becomes
critical
in
the
evaluation
,
treatment
,
and
management
of
patients
who
have
a
diagnosis
within
the
spectrum
of
the
protein
deposition
diseases

OBJECTIVE
:
To
examine
the
relationship
between
plasma
plasminogen
activator
inhibitor
1
(
PAI-1
)
activity
and
PAI-1
gene
(
4G/5G
)
polymorphism
and
diabetic
retinopathy
in
Pima
Indians
with
type
2
diabetes

RESEARCH
DESIGN
AND
METHODS
:
We
studied
171
Pima
Indians
with
type
2
diabetes
between
the
ages
of
30-70
years
in
a
population-based
epidemiological
survey

Plasma
PAI-1
activity
was
measured
by
a
spectrophotometric
assay
and
PAI-1
4G/5G
promoter
genotype
by
the
polymerase
chain
reaction
(
PCR
)
using
allele-specific
primers

RESULTS
:
Retinopathy
was
present
in
70
(
41
%
)
subjects
,
and
4
(
2.3
%
)
subjects
had
proliferative
retinopathy

Plasma
PAI-1
activity
was
not
significantly
different
among
subjects
with
and
without
retinopathy
(
17.1
+/-
vs.
19.7
+/-
9.1
arbitrary
units
(
AU
)
/ml
,
P
=
0.09
)

PAI-1
activity
was
negatively
correlated
with
duration
of
diabetes
(
rs
=
-0.18
,
P
=
0.02
)

In
a
logistic
regression
analysis
controlled
for
age
,
sex
,
BMI
,
and
duration
of
diabetes
,
any
retinopathy
was
significantly
associated
with
fasting
plasma
glucose
concentrations
(
P
&
#
60
;
0.05
)
,
2-h
postload
glucose
(
P
=
0.02
)
,
and
HbA1c
(
P
=
0.008
)
,
but
not
with
PAI-1
activity
(
P
=
0.48
)

The
prevalence
of
retinopathy
in
the
three
genotype
groups
differed
significantly
(
4G/4G
,
4G/5G
,
and
5G/5G
were
44
,
49
,
and
24
%
,
respectively
;
chi
2
=
8.22
,
df
=
2
,
P
=
0.016
)
and
remained
significant
after
controlling
for
age
,
sex
,
BMI
,
duration
of
diabetes
,
glycated
hemoglobin
,
and
urine
albumin-to-creatine
ratio
in
a
logistic
regression
analysis

The
odds
ratios
for
retinopathy
in
subjects
with
4G/4G
and
4G/5G
,
compared
with
the
5G/5G
genotype
,
were
2.0
and
3.1
,
respectively

CONCLUSIONS
:
Although
diabetic
retinopathy
in
Pima
Indians
with
type
2
diabetes
is
not
associated
with
PAI-1
activity
,
subjects
with
the
4G/4G
and
4G/5G
genotype
had
a
higher
prevalence
of
retinopathy
compared
with
5G/5G
PAI-1genotype

These
preliminary
findings
indicate
that
in
Pima
Indians
with
type
2
diabetes
,
presence
of
the
4G
allele
of
the
PAI-1
gene
was
associated
with
a
higher
risk
of
diabetic
retinopathy

BACKGROUND
:
Diagnostic
peritoneal
lavage
(
DPL
)
is
used
to
diagnose
intra-abdominal
injury
in
patients
with
stab
wounds
and
blunt
trauma

Because
exploratory
celiotomy
is
routinely
performed
on
patients
with
gunshot
wounds
to
the
abdomen
,
DPL
is
rarely
employed

However
,
several
studies
have
questioned
routine
exploration
and
have
drawn
attention
to
the
associated
morbidity
of
negative
celiotomy

OBJECTIVE
:
To
evaluate
the
performance
of
DPL
in
the
diagnosis
of
intra-abdominal
injury
in
hemodynamically
stable
patients
with
gunshot
wounds
to
the
abdomen

DESIGN
:
A
prospective
clinical
trial

SETTING
:
Two
urban
trauma
centers

PATIENTS
:
Patients
with
gunshot
wounds
to
the
abdomen
and
a
systolic
blood
pressure
of
at
least
90
mm
Hg

INTERVENTIONS
:
Clinical
predication
of
intra-abdominal
injury
in
the
emergency
department
and
DPL
performed
in
the
operating
room
before
the
initiation
of
celiotomy

Injuries
found
during
the
celiotomy
were
recorded

MAIN
OUTCOME
MEASURES
:
The
results
of
the
clinical
evaluation
and
DPL
were
compared
with
the
findings
of
the
celiotomy

RESULTS
:
Forty-four
patients
were
enrolled
into
the
study

Diagnostic
peritoneal
lavage
correctly
identified
the
presence
or
absence
of
intra-abdominal
injury
in
40
(
91
%
)
of
the
patients
(
positive
predictive
value
=
96.7
%
,
negative
predictive
value
=
78.6
%
,
phi
=
0.79
,
P
&
#
60
;
.01
)

The
return
of
gross
blood
on
aspiration
or
a
lavage
red
blood
cell
count
greater
than
10
x
10
(
9
)
/L
should
prompt
an
urgent
celiotomy

Missed
injuries
are
rare
and
most
likely
to
be
bowel
perforations

Diagnostic
peritoneal
lavage
is
an
objective
test
that
may
augment
clinical
judgment
in
selecting
hemodynamically
stable
patients
with
potential
tangential
gunshot
wounds
for
observation
and
is
especially
useful
in
identifying
intra-abdominal
hemorrhage

BACKGROUND
:
To
evaluate
the
frequency
of
Blastocystis
hominis
parasitation
and
to
ascertain
its
role
as
an
intestinal
a
prospective
study
during
18
months
pathogen
has
been
carried
out

SUBJECTS
AND
METHODS
:
The
study
included
2
,
039
patients
,
which
were
classified
in
three
groups
(
asymptomatic
(
group
A
)
,
with
suspicion
of
parasitosis
(
group
B
)
,
with
diarrhoea
(
group
C
)
)

In
all
cases
a
coproparasitological
study
was
performed

In
the
group
C
the
presence
of
non-parasitic
enteropathogens
was
also
investigated

In
patients
with
B

hominis
in
the
absence
of
other
pathogens
clinical
and
epidemiological
characteristics
were
evaluated

B

hominis
was
identified
in
336
patients
(
16.5
%
)

The
frequency
of
parasitation
was
superior
in
adults
(
p
&
#
60
;
0.0001
)
,
with
a
slight
predominance
in
the
female
sex

The
rate
of
asymptomatic
carriers
was
3.3
%

Statistical
significant
association
was
found
between
B

hominis
,
in
absence
of
other
pathogens
and
the
presence
of
clinical
manifestations
(
p
&
#
60
;
0.0001
)
,
the
most
common
of
which
were
diarrhoea
and
abdominal
pain

We
did
not
find
a
statistically
significant
association
between
the
number
of
B

The
vacuolar
form
was
the
predominant
morphological
type

The
ameboid
form
was
observed
only
in
diarrhoeal
stools

CONCLUSIONS
:
B

hominis
is
the
most
frequent
parasite
found
in
faecal
parasitological
investigation

In
absence
of
other
causes
,
B

hominis
must
be
considered
as
a
pathogen

<
/TO_SEES
>
OBJECTIVE
:
To
test
the
hypothesis
that
liver
glutamine
synthetase
deficiency
may
explain
hyperammonemia
in
patients
who
have
had
organ
transplantation
or
are
receiving
chemotherapy

DESIGN
:
Case
report

PATIENTS
:
Two
patients
who
had
fatal
hyperammonemia
after
orthotopic
lung
transplantation
.

MEASUREMENTS
:
Liver
tissue
was
analyzed
to
determine
the
activities
of
two
urea
cycle
enzymes
and
glutamine
synthetase

Western
blot
assays
for
hepatic
glutamine
synthetase
were
performed
to
determine
whether
glutamine
synthetase
deficiency
resulted
from
reduced
enzyme
levels

RESULTS
:
Activities
of
carbamoyl
phosphate
synthetase
I
and
ornithine
carbamoyltransferase
in
the
liver
were
normal

<
TO_SEE
>
CONCLUSION
:
Hyperammonemia
after
transplantation
was
associated
with
hepatic
glutamine
synthetase
deficiency
in
two
patients
,
but
the
causal
relation
between
these
two
conditions
must
be
further
studied

Breastfed
infants
also
showed
greater
catch-up
growth
in
head
circumference
(
SD
score
(
SDS
)
0.53
higher
at
3
months
)
,
and
greater
body
length
gain
(
SDS
0.68
higher
at
6
months
)

Our
findings
suggest
that
breastfeeding
may
promote
faster
growth
in
infants
compromised
by
poor
growth
in
utero

SGA
infants
may
be
programmed
for
a
number
of
adverse
outcomes
;
the
possibility
that
such
events
are
altered
by
choice
of
postnatal
diet
is
a
key
issue
for
future
research

BACKGROUND
:
Few
studies
have
explored
the
health
practices
of
critical
care
nurses

Critical
care
nurses
routinely
teach
patients
about
using
healthy
practices
such
as
low-fat
diets
,
exercise
,
and
routine
screening
examinations

Nurses
are
selling
a
product
,
and
that
product
is
health

The
best
salespersons
are
those
who
are
genuinely
committed
to
their
product
and
model
its
benefits

Therefore
,
critical
care
nurses
'
healthful
practices
can
have
a
profound
effect
on
their
patients

OBJECTIVES
:
The
purpose
of
this
descriptive
exploratory
study
was
to
examine
critical
care
nurses
'
responses
to
three
questions
about
health
practices
in
their
daily
lives
:
(
1
)
What
are
critical
care
nurses
doing
currently
to
stay
healthy
?
(
2
)
Do
they
anticipate
making
any
changes
in
their
lifestyle
in
the
future
?
(
3
)
Would
they
recommend
their
lifestyle
to
their
patients
?
METHODS
:
One
hundred
twenty-seven
critical
care
nurses
attending
a
midwestern
critical
care
conference
completed
a
two-part
questionnaire
designed
to
produce
a
health
profile

In
a
man-on-the-street
approach
,
23
nurses
participated
in
an
interview
via
video
camera

Interviews
were
transcribed
verbatim
and
analyzed
for
themes
with
a
constant
comparative
method

Five
themes
emerged
from
the
videotaped
interviews
:
(
1
)
Heart-healthy
practices
predominated
the
responses

(
4
)
The
nurses
had
a
positive
attitude
about
their
healthy
lifestyles
and
felt
optimistic
about
being
role
models
for
their
patients

(
5
)
Future
plans
were
either
singular
in
focus
or
limited
to
maintenance
of
current
health
habits

CONCLUSIONS
:
The
majority
of
the
nurses
reported
practicing
a
healthy
lifestyle
and
thought
that
they
were
good
role
models
for
patients

Cytochrome
P450
1A1
(
CYP1A1
)
and
glutathione
S-transferase
M1
(
GSTM1
)
genetic
polymorphisms
are
involved
in
the
activation
and
detoxification
of
chemical
carcinogens
found
in
tobacco
smoke
;
thus
they
may
influence
host
susceptibility
to
lung
cancer

In
this
study
at
Massachusetts
General
Hospital
(
Boston
,
MA
,
USA
)
of
416
cases
and
446
controls
(
mostly
White
)
we
evaluated
the
association
between
the
CYP1A1
MspI
and
GSTM1
polymorphisms
and
lung
cancer
risk
,
and
their
interaction
with
cigarette
smoke

After
adjusting
for
age
,
gender
,
pack-years
of
smoking
,
and
years
since
quitting
smoking
,
while
neither
the
CYP1A1
MspI
heterozygous
genotype
alone
nor
the
GSTM1
null
genotype
alone
were
associated
with
a
significant
increase
in
lung
cancer
risk
,
having
both
genetic
traits
was
associated
with
a
twofold
increase
in
risk
(
95
percent
confidence
interval
(
CI
)
=
1.0-3.4
)

Our
data
did
not
provide
enough
evidence
for
a
substantial
modification
of
the
effect
of
pack-years
on
lung
cancer
risk
by
the
CYP1A1
MspI
and
GSTM1
genotypes

However
,
limitations
of
our
study
preclude
a
conclusion
about
this
potential
interaction

However
,
the
association
between
these
favorable
effects
and
the
clinical
outcome
of
patients
who
have
no
severe
hemodynamic
compromise
at
presentation
remains
unknown

METHODS
AND
RESULTS
:
The
present
multicenter
registry
included
719
consecutive
patients
with
major
pulmonary
embolism
according
to
clinical
,
echocardiographic
,
scintigraphic
,
and
cardiac
catheterization
criteria

All
patients
were
hemodynamically
stable
(
ie
,
without
evidence
of
cardiogenic
shock
)
at
presentation

treatment
(
within
24
hours
of
diagnosis
)
was
given
to
169
patients
(
23.5
%
)
,
whereas
the
remaining
550
patients
were
initially
treated
with
heparin
alone

Overall
30-day
mortality
was
significantly
lower
in
the
patients
who
received
thrombolytic
agents
(
4.7
versus
11.1
%
,
P=.016
)

<
TO_SEE
>
Patients
who
underwent
early
thrombolytic
treatment
had
a
reduced
rate
of
recurrent
pulmonary
embolism
(
7.7
versus
18.7
%
,
P
&
#
60
;
.001
)
but
also
a
higher
frequency
of
major
bleeding
episodes
(
21.9
%
versus
7.8
%
,
P
&
#
60
;
.001
)

Cerebral
bleeding
occurred
in
2
patients
in
each
treatment
group
,
and
1
patient
in
each
group
died
of
a
bleeding
complication

CONCLUSIONS
:
The
results
of
our
study
suggest
that
thrombolysis
may
favorably
affect
the
clinical
outcome
of
hemodynamically
stable
patients
with
major
pulmonary
embolism

He
was
followed
regularly
with
chest
computed
tomography
(
CT
)
scan
and
had
been
asymptomatic

During
one
of
his
physical
examinations
,
routine
sigmoidoscopy
showed
incidental
colonic
polyps
which
were
biopsied

Subsequently
,
recurrence
of
pleural
mesothelioma
and
peritoneal
involvement
by
mesothelioma
was
documented

Two
of
the
polyps
showed
metastatic
malignant
mesothelioma
in
the
lamina
propia
which
strongly
resembled
adenocarcinoma
histologically
causing
difficulty
in
making
definitive
diagnosis

This
case
shows
the
importance
of
clinical
history
and
ancillary
laboratory
procedures
such
as
immunohistochemistry
and
electron
microscopy
to
avoid
diagnostic
pitfalls

The
authors
report
the
postoperative
magnetic
resonance
(
MR
)
imaging
findings
in
36
patients
with
advanced
Parkinson
's
disease
who
underwent
unilateral
microelectrode-guided
posteroventral
pallidotomy

The
lesions
were
placed
within
1
mm
of
the
ventral
border
of
the
globus
pallidus
internus
(
GPi
)
to
include
pallidothalamic
outflow
pathways

Sequential
MR
studies
were
obtained
within
1
to
3
days
postoperatively
and
at
6-month
follow-up
examination

Transient
side
effects
occurred
in
five
patients
(
14
%
)
,
but
there
were
no
persistent
complications

The
mean
volume
of
the
middle
zone
,
corresponding
to
the
area
of
hemorrhagic
coagulation
necrosis
,
was
44.4
+/-
17.6
mm3
;
the
mean
lesion
volume
as
defined
by
the
outer
zone
,
corresponding
to
perilesional
edema
,
was
262.2
+/-
111.6
mm3

In
two
patients
small
ischemic
infarctions
involving
the
corona
radiata
were
found
,
and
in
one
a
venous
infarction
was
detected

Ischemic
infarction
resulted
in
mild
transient
Broca
's
aphasia
in
one
patient
,
but
there
was
no
detectable
neurological
deficit
in
the
other
two

The
mean
volume
of
late-phase
(
6
months
)
lesions
was
22
+/-
28.8
mm3

Lesioning
of
pallidal
and
subpallidal
pathways
may
contribute
to
the
sustained
clinical
benefit
in
this
series

Magnetic
resonance
imaging
analysis
showed
that
intraoperative
microelectrode
recording
facilitated
accurate
placement
of
the
lesion
in
this
critical
area

A
commercially
available
health
food
product
of
cold-pressed
hemp
seed
oil
ingested
by
one
volunteer
twice
a
day
for
4
1/2
days
(
135
mL
total
)

Urine
specimens
collected
from
the
volunteer
were
subjected
to
standard
workplace
urine
drug
testing
procedures
,
and
the
following
concentrations
of
11-nor-delta9-
tetrahydrocannabinol
carboxylic
acid
(
9-THCA
)
were
detected
:
41
ng/mL
9-THCA
at
45
h
,
49
ng/mL
at
69
h
,
and
55
ng/mL
at
93
h.
Ingestion
was
discontinued
after
93
h
,
and
the
following
concentrations
were
detected
:
68
ng/mL
at
108
h
,
57
ng/mL
at
117
h
,
31
ng/mL
at
126
h
,
and
20
ng/mL
at
142
h.
The
first
specimen
that
tested
negative
(
50
ng/mL
initial
immunoassay
test
,
15
ng/mL
confirmatory
gas
chromatographic-mass
spectrometric
test
)
was
at
146
h
,
which
was
53
h
after
the
last
hemp
seed
oil
ingestion

Four
subsequent
specimens
taken
to
177
h
were
also
negative

This
study
indicates
that
a
workplace
urine
drug
test
positive
for
cannabinoids
may
arise
from
the
consumption
of
commercially
available
cold-pressed
hemp
seed
oil

METHODS
:
BAEP
studies
were
performed
before
discharge
in
infants
treated
with
extracorporeal
membrane
oxygenation
(
ECMO
)
,
and
two
specific
abnormalities
were
analyzed
:
elevated
threshold
and
delayed
central
auditory
conduction

The
sensitivity
and
specificity
of
an
elevated
threshold
on
the
neonatal
BAEP
for
detecting
subsequent
hearing
loss
,
and
the
relationship
of
any
neonatal
BAEP
abnormality
to
language
or
developmental
disorders
in
infancy
,
were
calculated

RESULTS
:
Test
results
for
46
ECMO-treated
infants
(
57.5
%
)
were
normal
,
and
those
for
34
infants
(
42.5
%
)
were
abnormal
,
with
either
elevated
wave
V
threshold
,
prolonged
wave
I-V
interval
,
or
both
on
neonatal
BAEP
recordings

Most
significantly
,
7
(
58
%
)
of
the
12
children
with
subsequent
sensorineural
hearing
loss
had
left
the
hospital
after
showing
normal
results
on
threshold
tests

There
was
no
significant
difference
in
the
frequency
of
hearing
loss
between
subjects
with
abnormal
(
5/21
,
or
24
%
)
and
those
with
normal
BAEP
thresholds
(
7/59
,
or
12
%
;
Fisher
Exact
Test
,
p
=
0.28
)

Neonatal
BAEP
specificity
for
excluding
subsequent
hearing
loss
was
76
%

Of
these
children
,
12
(
63
%
)
had
abnormal
neonatal
BAEP
recordings
and
7
(
37
%
)
had
a
normal
BAEP
threshold
,
normal
central
auditory
conduction
test
results
,
or
both
(
p
=
0.04
)

CONCLUSIONS
:
Neonatal
BAEP
threshold
recordings
were
of
limited
value
for
predicting
subsequent
hearing
loss
common
in
ECMO
-treated
survivors

However
,
an
abnormal
neonatal
BAEP
significantly
increased
the
probability
of
finding
a
receptive
language
delay
during
early
childhood
,
even
in
those
with
subsequently
normal
audiometry
findings

The
Federated
Council
of
Internal
Medicine
has
developed
a
resource
guide
to
help
internal
medicine
residency
programs
produce
internists
who
are
prepared
for
today
's
practice
of
internal
medicine
and
the
challenges
of
practice
in
the
future

The
guide
situates
general
internal
medicine
as
the
primary
care
profession
that
focuses
on
preventive
,
short-term
,
and
long-term
care
of
adult
patients

It
identifies
the
learning
experiences
that
should
be
part
of
general
internal
medicine
residency
training
,
lists
the
clinical
competencies
that
are
important
for
primary
care
practice
,
and
describes
the
role
of
the
integrative
disciplines
that
should
inform
the
care
of
every
patient

It
also
describes
a
process
that
program
directors
and
local
program
committees
can
use
to
develop
competency-based
curricula

We
report
4
new
cases
of
localized
Darier
disease
and
review
the
English-language
literature

OBSERVATIONS
:
Localized
Darier
disease
occurred
with
equal
frequency
in
males
and
females

The
most
frequent
site
of
involvement
was
the
trunk
(
40
%
(
16/40
)
)

CONCLUSIONS
:
Many
of
the
clinical
features
of
localized
Darier
disease
suggest
that
it
is
a
genetic
mosaic
of
generalized
Darier
disease

UV
radiation
induces
two
major
DNA
damage
products
,
the
cyclobutane
pyrimidine
dimer
(
CPD
)
and
,
at
a
lower
frequency
,
the
pyrimidine
(
6-4
)
pyrimidinone
dimer
(
6-4
product
)

Although
Escherichia
coli
and
Saccharomyes
cerevisiae
produce
a
CPD-specific
photolyase
that
eliminates
only
this
class
of
dimer
,
Arabidopsis
thaliana
,
Drosphila
melanogaster
,
Crotalus
atrox
,
and
Xenopus
laevis
have
recently
been
shown
to
photoreactivate
both
CPDs
and
6-4
products

We
describe
the
isolation
and
characterization
of
two
new
classes
of
mutants
of
Arabidopsis
,
termed
uvr2
and
uvr3
,
that
are
defective
in
the
photoreactivation
of
CPDs
and
6-4
products
,
respectively

We
demonstrate
that
the
CPD
photolyase
mutation
is
genetically
linked
to
a
DNA
sequence
encoding
a
type
II
(
metazoan
)
CPD
photolyase

This
provides
us
with
a
unique
opportunity
to
study
the
biological
consequences
of
each
of
these
two
major
UV-induced
photoproducts
in
an
intact
living
system

A
diffuse
macular
erythroderma
and
subsequent
desquamation
after
1
to
2
weeks
are
two
of
the
five
major
diagnostic
criteria
of
toxic
shock
syndrome
(
TSS
)

We
present
the
case
of
a
15-month-old
girl
with
TSS
,
but
without
erythroderma
or
desquamation

She
was
admitted
with
high
fever
,
shock
,
and
multiorgan
involvement

Initially
the
diagnosis
of
the
syndrome
of
hemorrhagic
shock
and
encephalopathy
was
made

After
7
days
,
a
TSS
toxin
1-producing
strain
of
Staphylococcus
aureus
was
cultured
from
an
inguinal
lymph
node
,
where
inflammation
had
already
been
noticed
on
admission

We
conclude
that
the
patient
had
TSS
without
rash

Without
the
evidence
implicating
a
TSS
toxin
1-producing
strain
of
S.
aureus
as
the
cause
of
her
disease
,
a
diagnosis
of
syndrome
of
hemorrhagic
shock
and
encephalopathy
would
have
been
made

<
TO_SEE
>
BACKGROUND
:
The
growing
teratoma
syndrome
refers
to
the
phenomenon
whereby
germ
cell
tumors
enlarge
after
chemotherapy
despite
complete
eradication
of
malignant
cells
and
normalization
of
serum
tumor
markers

This
clinical
scenario
must
be
differentiated
from
that
in
which
germ
cell
tumors
maintain
their
malignant
characteristics
with
elevated
levels
of
serum
tumor
markers

METHODS
:
Hospital
record
review
was
conducted
of
2
cases

RESULTS
:
Two
male
patients
are
presented
,
1
with
a
metastatic
germ
cell
tumor
of
both
the
retroperitoneum
and
mediastinum
(
with
elevated
alpha-fetoprotein
level
)
and
1
with
a
primary
germ
cell
tumor
of
the
mediastinum
(
with
elevated
alpha-fetoprotein
and
beta-human
chorionic
gonadotropin
levels
)

The
clinical
and
roentgenographic
features
of
patients
with
thoracic
manifestations
of
the
growing
teratoma
syndrome
,
as
well
as
its
management
,
are
reviewed

<
TO_SEE
>
CONCLUSIONS
:
After
chemotherapy
in
patients
with
primary
or
metastatic
mediastinal
germ
cell
tumors
whose
tumor
markers
normalize
,
a
growing
mass
in
the
mediastinum
may
represent
the
growing
teratoma
syndrome

Expression
of
the
CaMI
gene
was
detected
in
all
chicken
tissues
examined
,
although
at
varying
levels

Our
results
demonstrate
that
the
``
multigene-one-protein
''
principle
of
CaM
synthesis
is
not
only
applicable
to
mammals
whose
CaM
is
encoded
by
three
different
genes
,
but
also
to
chickens

BACKGROUND
:
We
assessed
the
accuracy
of
two
electron
beam
computed
tomography
(
EBCT
)
protocols
for
predicting
coronary
events

METHODS
AND
RESULTS
:
In
1994
,
24
months
after
enrollment
in
a
longitudinal
study
,
326
high-risk
adults
underwent
both
3-
and
6-mm
image-slice
thickness
EBCT
scanning
and
were
followed
up
for
32.0+/-4.0
additional
months

Events
were
defined
as
either
coronary
death
,
myocardial
infarction
,
or
revascularization

We
monitored
these
subjects
for
the
32-month
postscanning
period
with
yearly
phone
calls
and
acquisition
of
records
for
all
hospital
admissions

At
the
time
of
scanning
,
11
subjects
(
3
%
)
had
already
suffered
12
events
(
5
infarctions
and
7
revascularizations
)
during
the
24-month
prescanning
period

During
the
postscanning
period
,
18
subjects
(
6
%
)
suffered
23
events
(
5
coronary
deaths
,
6
infarctions
,
and
12
revascularizations
)

Thus
,
28
subjects
(
9
%
)
suffered
35
events

Calcium
quantities
calculated
for
both
protocols
,
performed
on
the
same
subjects
,
were
sorted
in
ascending
order
and
divided
into
equal
quartiles

These
relationships
were
preserved
in
the
subjects
without
prior
events
at
the
time
of
scanning

Coronary
calcium
amount
appears
to
be
a
weak
predictor
of
coronary
death
and
infarction

Its
predictive
accuracy
is
superior
for
predicting
revascularization

Research
into
the
genetic
component
of
some
complex
behaviors
often
causes
controversy
,
depending
on
the
social
meaning
and
significance
of
the
behavior
under
study

This
research
is
worrisome
for
many
reasons
,
including
the
fact
that
it
has
been
used
to
harm
lesbians
and
gay
men

Other
chose
to
undergo
them
to
escape
discrimination
and
social
disapprobation

The
very
motivation
for
seeking
an
``
origin
''
of
homosexuality
reveals
homophobia

Moreover
,
such
research
may
lead
to
prenatal
tests
that
claim
to
predict
for
homosexuality

For
homosexual
people
who
live
in
countries
with
no
legal
protections
these
dangers
are
particularly
serious

All
patients
underwent
TEFNA
and
TESE
consecutively

Thus
,
each
patient
served
as
his
own
control

The
case
was
regarded
as
successful
if
at
least
one
testicular
spermatozoon
was
found
allowing
intracytoplasmic
sperm
injection
(
ICSI
)
of
at
least
one
oocyte

Whereas
by
TEFNA
spermatozoa
enabling
performance
of
ICSI
were
found
in
only
four
patients
out
of
37
(
11
%
)
,
open
biopsy
and
TESE
yielded
spermatozoa
in
16
cases
(
43
%
)

Performance
of
ICSI
with
testicular
sperm
in
these
cases
resulted
in
satisfactory
fertilization
and
high
embryo
transfer
rates

Cyclin
D1
,
the
regulatory
subunit
of
certain
protein
kinases
thought
to
advance
the
G1
phase
of
the
cell
cycle
,
is
now
established
as
a
proto-oncogene
,
with
evidence
indicating
that
its
derangement
may
contribute
to
the
uncontrolled
cell
growth
characteristic
of
tumors

The
chromosomal
translocation
t
(
11
;
14
)
(
q13
:
q32
)
,
involving
rearrangement
of
the
BCL-1
locus
,
is
closely
associated
with
human
lymphoid
neoplasia
affecting
mantle
cell
lymphomas
(
MCL
)

Of
note
,
all
of
the
known
break
points
leave
the
cyclin
D1
coding
region
structurally
intact
and
result
in
increased
protein
expression
,
implying
that
this
may
provide
a
highly
sensitive
and
specific
marker
for
MCL

Recent
studies
demonstrated
that
immunohistochemical
detection
in
paraffin-embedded
material
,
using
a
monoclonal
antibody
,
is
very
useful
for
routine
diagnosis

Current
knowledge
of
cyclin
D1
overexpression
in
malignant
lymphomas
,
with
emphasis
on
its
clinicopathologic
significance
,
is
reviewed

In
the
mammalian
central
nervous
system
,
a
diverse
group
of
basic
helix-loop-helix
(
bHLH
)
proteins
is
involved
in
the
determination
of
progenitor
cells
and
,
subsequently
,
in
regulating
neuronal
differentiation

Here
we
report
the
identification
of
a
novel
subfamily
of
bHLH
proteins
,
defined
by
two
mammalian
enhancer-of-split-
and
hairy-related
proteins
,
termed
SHARP-1
and
SHARP-2

In
contrast
to
known
bHLH
genes
,
detectable
transcription
of
SHARP
genes
begins
at
the
end
of
embryonic
development
marking
differentiated
neurons
that
have
reached
a
final
position
,
and
increases
as
postnatal
development
proceeds

In
the
adult
,
SHARP
genes
are
expressed
in
subregions
of
the
CNS
that
have
been
associated
with
adult
plasticity

Similarly
,
within
1
h
after
the
administration
of
kainic
acid
in
vivo
,
SHARP-2
is
induced
in
neurons
throughout
the
rat
cerebral
cortex

This
suggests
that
neuronal
bHLH
proteins
are
also
involved
in
the
``
adaptive
''
changes
of
mature
CNS
neurons
which
are
coupled
to
glutamatergic
stimulation

In
the
present
study
we
recall
the
particular
aspects
of
the
neurulation
in
the
cephalic
area
,
then
the
establishment
of
the
facial
processes

After
is
considered
constitution
and
natured
of
the
prechordal
plate
which
has
been
diversely
explained

Finally
,
the
modelling
of
the
face
is
evocated
,
in
which
the
dissociation
between
the
olfactive
and
buccal
spheres
is
pointed
out
,
with
the
disparition
of
the
muzzle
,
as
it
is
established
in
the
haplorhinae
,
a
class
of
primates
in
which
the
human
being
is
involved

This
phenomenon
raises
different
questions
,
in
particular
about
the
relation
of
this
disposition
with
the
nasoseptal
center
,
the
medial
part
of
the
nasodorsal
center

Blood
samples
were
taken
at
the
time
of
diagnosis
of
preeclampsia
and
at
comparable
gestational
ages
for
matched
normal
controls

A
discriminant
score
of
>
or
=
275
indicated
a
>
or
=
90
%
probability
of
preeclampsia

Further
prospective
studies
are
warranted
to
test
the
efficacy
of
this
discriminant
function
in
predicting
preeclampsia

A
novel
technique
for
patterning
immobilized
antibody
layers
based
upon
photolithography
and
oxygen
plasma
exposure
has
been
developed

Photolithographic
patterning
was
performed
with
a
positive
photoresist
with
modified
bake
temperatures
and
times
,
selective
UV
exposure
with
a
contact
mask
,
and
aqueous
alkaline
solubilization
of
exposed
resist

Residual
resist
was
stripped
with
acetone

Successful
patterning
was
demonstrated
by
challenging
surfaces
with
goat
anti-mouse
antibody
conjugated
to
tetramethylrhodamine
isothiocyanate

Sucrose
stabilization
was
necessary
for
antibody
to
undergo
photoresist
processing
without
loss
of
binding
activity

Immune
cells
in
vivo
routinely
perform
highly
selective
immunosensing
in
blood
and
tissues
as
part
of
their
normal
immune
surveillance
functions

We
have
been
investigating
the
potential
of
exploiting
the
immunosensing
detection
abilities
of
excitable
immune
cells
(
i.e
.
the
mast
cell
)
for
the
development
of
whole
cell
immunobiosensors

In
the
presence
of
antigen
,
these
cells
undergo
excitable
activation
responses
which
result
in
increased
metabolism
and
the
exocytosis
of
stored
intracellular
mediators

In
this
work
we
investigated
the
use
of
enzyme
amplification
systems
to
enhance
the
direct
transduction
of
immune
cell
responses
to
analyte

It
was
found
that
with
appropriate
enzymes
,
peak
outputs
occurred
within
approximately
5
min
(
4-20
times
faster
than
without
enzymes
)
and
peak
response
magnitudes
were
up
to
nine-fold
greater
than
without
enzymes

An
easy-to-use
technique
for
detection
of
antibodies
specific
for
the
parasite
L.
donovani
in
human
serum
sample
has
been
developed

Treated
fibres
are
incubated
with
the
patient
serum
for
10
min
followed
by
incubation
with
goat
anti
human
IgG
tagged
FITC

Also
,
no
false
positive
result
was
obtained
with
serum
samples
of
patients
infected
with
leprosy
,
tuberculosis
,
typhoid
and
malaria
,
showing
the
specificity
of
the
sensor
and
efficacy
of
the
technique

We
present
an
optical
biosensor
design
that
expands
the
utility
of
enzyme
biosensors

These
biosensors
are
fabricated
by
site-selective
photodeposition
of
analyte-sensitive
polymer
matrices
on
optical
imaging
fibres

These
dual-analyte
arrays
allow
for
the
simultaneous
,
independent
measurement
of
the
analyte
of
interest
and
the
transducing
analyte

The
first
integrated
optical-biosensors
using
this
design
have
been
prepared
that
allow
both
the
dependent
and
independent
analytes
to
be
measured
simultaneously
,
for
example
penicillin
and
pH
(
Healey
&
#
38
;
Walt
,
1995
)
or
glucose
and
O2
(
Li
&
#
38
;
Walt
,
1995
)

Independent
measurement
of
the
transducing
analyte
allows
penicillin
or
glucose
to
be
quantitated
in
the
presence
of
a
concurrent
pH
or
O2
change
,
respectively

Penicillin
can
be
measured
in
the
range
0.25-10.0
mM
in
the
pH
range
6.2-7.5

Glucose
can
be
measured
in
the
range
0.6-20.0
mM
in
the
O2
range
20-100
%

The
utility
of
the
sensor
design
was
demonstrated
by
using
the
penicillin-dual-analyte
biosensor
to
quantitate
penicillin
produced
during
a
Penicillium
chrysogenum
fermentation

The
characterization
of
low
molecular
weight
ligand
interaction
with
receptor
molecules
is
of
importance
for
the
investigation
of
biological
processes
and
for
drug
research

We
report
on
the
investigation
of
the
binding
of
low
molecular
weight
ligands
to
immobilized
receptors
by
label-free
detection

Reflectometric
interference
spectroscopy
,
an
optical
transducer
which
allows
the
monitoring
of
a
few
picograms
per
square
millimetre
changes
in
surface
coverage
,
was
used
to
study
two
model
systems

In
both
cases
detection
of
the
binding
event
was
successful

High
affinity
binding
of
biotin
to
immobilized
streptavidin
was
clearly
detectable
at
receptor
surface
concentrations
as
low
as
1-2
x
10
(
10
)
binding
sites/mm2

Linear
correlation
between
the
receptor
surface
concentration
and
the
response
to
biotin
binding
was
observed

Using
immobilized
DNA
,
we
investigated
the
binding
of
common
intercalators
with
respect
to
kinetics
and
thermodynamics
by
evaluation
of
the
association
and
the
dissociation
part
of
the
binding
curve

Bi-exponential
increase
and
decrease
of
intercalator
loading
was
observed
,
indicating
complex
interaction
kinetics

Improvement
of
experimental
parameters
is
required
to
obtain
more
reliable
kinetic
data

An
amperometric
lactate
oxidase
catheter
has
been
developed
for
in
vivo
application
to
real-time
lactate
monitoring

The
electrochemical
behaviour
of
the
1
x
3
mm
Pt-Ag/AgCl
thin
film
electrode
is
not
significantly
influenced
by
lactate
oxidase-polyurethane
covering

Gamma-irradiation
(
25
kGy
)
is
suitable
for
the
sterilization
procedure

The
final
lactate
catheter
is
characterized
by
a
linear
concentration
range
between
0.5
and
20
mmol/l
lactate
with
a
sensitivity
around
2
nA
mmol-1
l-1
lactate

Ex
vivo
whole
blood
measurements
using
the
lactate
catheter
(
y
)
give
a
correlation
with
the
BIOSEN
Med
L
(
x
)
of
y
=
(
1.010x
+
0.513
)
mmol/l
(
r
=
0.9748
)

Lactate
values
obtained
by
continuous
catheter
operation
ex
vivo
correlate
well
with
those
obtained
by
BIOSEN
Med
L.
First
subcutaneous
implantation
(
dog
)
underlines
the
characteristics
obtained
ex
vivo
:
after
30
min
hydration
the
lactate
catheter
follows
the
lactate
concentration
measured
ex
vivo
with
samples
from
the
leg
vein
by
BIOSEN
Med
L.

The
diffusion-limited
binding
kinetics
of
antigen
(
or
antibody
)
in
solution
to
antibody
(
or
antigen
)
immobilized
on
a
biosensor
and
other
surfaces
is
analyzed
within
a
fractal
framework

In
some
cases
,
the
binding
curve
exhibits
complexities

Then
,
for
these
cases
,
the
dual-fractal
analysis
provides
an
improved
fit
when
compared
with
a
single-fractal
analysis

This
indicates
a
change
in
the
reaction
mechanism
on
the
surface

For
example
,
for
the
binding
of
10
nM
insulin
growth
factor-1
in
solution
to
insulin
growth
factor
binding
protein-1
immobilized
on
a
biosensor
surface
,
a
64
%
increase
in
the
fractal
dimension
from
1.73
(
Df1
)
to
2.85
(
Df2
)
leads
to
an
increase
in
the
binding
rate
coefficient
by
a
factor
of
31.8
from
3.92
(
k1
)
to
125
(
k2
)

Furthermore
,
as
the
IGF-1
concentration
in
solution
increases
from
10
to
80
nM
in
solution
,
k2
and
Df2
exhibit
a
linear
increase

k1
and
Df1
exhibit
a
linear
increase
with
the
reciprocal
of
the
IGF-1
concentration
in
solution

The
different
examples
analyzed
and
presented
together
provide
a
means
by
which
the
antigen-antibody
reactions
may
be
better
controlled
by
noting
the
magnitude
of
the
changes
in
the
fractal
dimension
and
in
the
binding
rate
coefficient
as
the
reaction
progresses
on
the
biosensor
surface

This
may
be
one
method
to
help
manipulate
or
control
the
binding
rate
coefficients
on
the
reaction
surface

To
determine
if
microscopic
urinalysis
is
needed
in
all
pediatric
emergency
room
patients
screened
for
urinary
tract
infections
(
UTI
)
,
we
compared
the
dipstick
urinalysis
and
complete
urinalysis
(
dipstick
and
microscopy
)
with
urine
cultures
in
236
children
,
aged
3
weeks
to
21
years

The
ability
to
detect
UTI
by
dipstick
only
and
by
complete
urinalysis
was
the
same
,
however
microscopic
evaluation
added
many
false-positive
results
without
detecting
additional
UTIs

Because
the
ability
to
detect
UTI
(
sensitivity
)
is
maintained
,
we
now
offer
a
dipstick
only
urinalysis
to
our
emergency
room
for
children
2
years
of
age
or
older
,
with
a
microscopic
analysis
performed
automatically
if
dipstick
results
are
positive

$
32
to
U.S

$
12

Using
video-intensified
fluorescence
microscopy
and
a
pseudocolor
display
of
fluorescence
intensity
,
we
analyzed
the
distribution
of
microinjected
molecules
within
the
nurse-cell/oocyte
syncytium
of
Drosophila
ovarian
follicles

We
varied
the
composition
and
the
osmolarity
of
the
culture
solution
as
well
as
the
electrical
charge
and
the
molecular
mass
of
the
microinjected
fluorescent
probe

As
culture
solutions
,
we
used
four
simple
salines
(
IMADS
)
and
a
complex
tissue-culture
medium
(
R-14
)
that
matched
the
osmolarity
of
adult
hemolymph

Small
amounts
of
two
anionic
dyes
(
Lucifer
Yellow
CH
and
Lucifer
Yellow
dextran
)
as
well
as
of
two
cationic
dyes
(
rhodamine
6G
and
tetramethylrhodamine
dextran-lysine
)
were
iontophoretically
microinjected
either
into
a
nurse
cell
or
into
the
oocyte
of
stage-10
follicles

In
the
tissue-culture
medium
,
within
a
few
seconds
following
microinjection
,
all
tested
dyes
passed
through
the
intercellular
bridges
in
both
the
anterior
direction
(
to
the
nurse
cells
)
and
the
posterior
direction
(
to
the
oocyte
)
,
independent
of
their
electrical
charge
or
molecular
mass

Our
results
indicate
that
the
electrical
gradient
described
by
other
authors
does
not
exert
significant
influence
on
the
migration
of
charged
molecules
through
intercellular
bridges
in
situ

The
gene
contains
two
alternative
first
exons
,
1a
and
1b
,
both
including
a
translation
initiation
codon

The
translocation
breakpoint
cluster
region
is
flanked
by
exons
3
and
6
and
two
different
polyadenylation
signals
were
identified

In
mitogen-stimulated
human
peripheral
blood
mononuclear
cells
the
AF-4
antigen
was
predominantly
located
in
the
nucleus

The
AF-4
gene
is
a
member
of
the
AF-4
,
LAF-4
and
FMR-2
gene
family

The
members
of
this
family
encode
serine-proline-rich
proteins
with
properties
of
nuclear
transcription
factors

Immunoglobulin
superfamily
molecules
in
the
brain
are
involved
in
distinct
aspects
of
nervous
system
histogenesis
,
for
example
neuronal
migration
and
axonal
growth

To
identify
novel
members
of
this
superfamily
in
the
chick
nervous
system
,
we
developed
a
polymerase
chain
reaction-based
approach
making
use
of
sequence
motifs
of
immunoglobulin-like
domains

This
molecule
has
91
%
sequence
identity
with
the
limbic
system-associated
membrane
protein
(
LAMP
)
characterized
in
the
rat
and
is
therefore
referred
to
as
the
chicken
homologue
of
the
latter
(
chLAMP
)

The
molecule
is
a
glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol-anchored
60
kDa
protein
with
three
immunoglobulin-like
domains
and
contains
40
%
N-linked
carbohydrate

In
addition
,
we
demonstrate
using
a
fusion
protein
expressed
in
eukaryotic
cells
that
chLAMP
has
homophilic
binding
activity

The
protein
was
found
on
a
subset
of
axons
in
the
central
and
peripheral
nervous
system
and
is
likely
to
be
involved
in
specific
cell-cell
interactions
in
neurohistogenesis

DNAS1L2
is
located
on
a
16p13.3
cosmid
,
while
DNAS1L3
maps
to
3p14.3-p21.1
by
fluorescence
in
situ
hybridization
and
by
PCR
analysis
of
a
radiation
hybrid
panel

The
previously
defined
DNL1L
or
DNAS1L1
is
expressed
highest
in
heart
and
skeletal
muscle
,
while
DNase
I
is
expressed
in
the
pancreas
,
parotid
gland
,
and
kidney

A
comparison
of
DNAS1L1
,
DNAS1L2
,
and
DNAS1L3
with
the
well-characterized
DNase
I
suggests
that
the
DNAS1L
proteins
are
unlikely
to
be
glycosylated
or
bind
actin
;
however
,
catalytic
and
calcium-
and
DNA-binding
residues
are
conserved
,
and
potentially
cleavable
signal
peptides
are
present
among
all
these
proteins

This
analysis
also
identifies
regions
of
high
conservation
among
these
proteins
with
no
currently
assigned
function

Two
different
responses
to
the
therapy
were
observed
in
a
group
of
patients
receiving
the
protease
inhibitor
indinavir

In
one
,
suppression
of
virus
replication
occurred
and
has
persisted
for
90
weeks
(
bDNA
,
&
#
60
;
500
human
immunodeficiency
virus
type
1
(
HIV-1
)
RNA
copies/ml
)

In
the
six
patients
in
this
group
,
there
was
also
an
identical
mutation
in
the
gag
p7/p1
gag
protease
cleavage
site

In
three
of
the
patients
,
this
change
was
seen
as
early
as
6
to
10
weeks
after
the
start
of
therapy

In
one
patient
,
a
second
mutation
occurred
at
the
gag
p1/p6
cleavage
site
,
but
it
appeared
18
weeks
after
the
time
of
appearance
of
the
p7/p1
mutation

When
recombinant
HIV-1-containing
protease
mutations
at
46
and
82
was
grown
in
MT2
cells
,
there
was
a
68
%
reduction
in
its
rate
of
replication
compared
to
the
WT
virus

Similarly
,
rates
of
replication
of
viruses
with
mutations
M46L/I
,
I54V
,
and
V82A
in
protease
were
enhanced
both
in
the
presence
and
in
the
absence
of
Indinavir
when
combined
with
mutations
in
the
gag
p7/p1
and
the
gag
p1/p6
cleavage
sites

This
is
the
first
report
of
the
emergence
of
mutations
in
the
gag
p7/p1
protease
cleavage
sites
in
patients
receiving
protease
therapy
and
identifies
this
change
as
an
important
determinant
of
HIV-1
resistance
to
protease
inhibitors
in
patient
populations

A
novel
intracellular
calcium-binding
protein
from
Echinococcus
granulosus
is
described
in
this
work

A
cDNA
was
isolated
from
a
lambdagt11
protoscolex
expression
library
and
the
deduced
amino
acid
sequence
has
at
least
fifteen
sequentially
repeated
twelve-residue
repeats
that
resemble
the
calcium-binding
loop
of
EF-hands
;
however
,
the
dodecamer
motif
has
no
flanking
helices

The
cDNA
was
expressed
in
Escherichia
coli
using
the
pGEX
vector
,
and
a
recombinant
fusion
protein
(
EgCaBP1-GST
)
was
obtained

The
recombinant
fusion
protein
binds
calcium
when
assayed
with
45Ca

It
is
possible
that
the
calcium-binding
motifs
present
a
secondary
structure
similar
to
the
parallel
beta
roll
structure
described
for
an
alkaline
protease
from
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa

A
native
protein
of
more
than
300
kDa
was
recognized
by
an
anti-EgCaBP1
monoclonal
antibody
by
Western-blot
analysis

Immunohistochemistry
using
a
pool
of
anti-EgCaBP1-GST
mouse
sera
demonstrated
a
strong
association
of
the
protein
with
calcareous
corpuscles

The
possible
role
of
this
protein
and
that
of
the
calcareous
corpuscles
in
the
protoscolex
are
discussed

The
enzyme
activity
of
mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
(
MAP
kinase
)
increases
in
response
to
agents
acting
on
a
variety
of
cell
surface
receptors
,
including
receptors
linked
to
heterotrimeric
G
proteins

In
this
report
,
we
demonstrated
that
Raf-1
protein
kinase
activity
in
the
mouse
parotid
glands
was
induced
by
chronic
isoproterenol
administration
in
whole
animals

To
investigate
the
molecular
nature
underlying
cellular
responses
to
Raf-1
activation
,
we
have
stably
transfected
rat
salivary
epithelial
Pa-4
cells
with
human
Raf-1-estrogen
receptor
fusion
gene
(
DeltaRaf-1
:
ER
)
and
used
mRNA
differential
display
in
search
of
messages
induced
by
DeltaRaf-1
:
ER
activation

Through
this
approach
,
the
gene
encoding
non-histone
chromosomal
protein
HMGI-C
was
identified
as
one
of
the
target
genes
activated
by
oncogenic
Raf-1
kinase

The
role
of
the
extracellular
signal-related
kinase
(
ERK
)
signaling
pathway
in
the
HMGI-C
induction
was
highlighted
by
the
result
that
the
MAP
kinase
kinase
(
MEK
)
inhibitor
,
PD
98059
,
blocked
DeltaRaf-1
:
ER-
and
12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-stimulated
HMGI-C
induction

Altogether
,
these
findings
support
the
notion
that
the
Raf/MEK/ERK
signaling
module
,
at
least
in
part
,
regulates
transcriptional
activation
of
the
chromosomal
architectural
protein
HMGI-C

Pendred
syndrome
is
a
recessively
inherited
disorder
with
the
hallmark
features
of
congenital
deafness
and
thyroid
goitre

By
some
estimates
,
the
disorder
may
account
for
upwards
of
10
%
of
hereditary
deafness

Previous
genetic
linkage
studies
localized
the
gene
to
a
broad
interval
on
human
chromosome
7q22-31.1

Using
a
positional
cloning
strategy
,
we
have
identified
the
gene
(
PDS
)
mutated
in
Pendred
syndrome
and
found
three
apparently
deleterious
mutations
,
each
segregating
with
the
disease
in
the
respective
families
in
which
they
occur

PDS
produces
a
transcript
of
approximately
5
kb
that
was
found
to
be
expressed
at
significant
levels
only
in
the
thyroid

These
studies
provide
compelling
evidence
that
defects
in
pendrin
cause
Pendred
syndrome
thereby
launching
a
new
area
of
investigation
into
thyroid
physiology
,
the
pathogenesis
of
congenital
deafness
and
the
role
of
altered
sulphate
transport
in
human
disease

We
report
the
cDNA
cloning
,
partial
genomic
organization
,
and
expression
pattern
of
Stra10
,
a
novel
retinoic
acid-inducible
gene
in
P19
embryonal
carcinoma
cells

Four
murine
cDNA
isoforms
have
been
isolated
,
which
are
likely
to
result
from
alternative
splicing

The
predicted
protein
sequences
exhibit
approximately
85
%
identity
with
the
Pbx-related
Meis1
homeobox
gene
products
,
which
are
involved
in
myeloid
leukemia
in
BXH-2
mice
,
and
one
of
the
Stra10
isoforms
corresponds
to
the
recently
published
Meis2
sequence
(
Nakamura
et
al
.
(
1996
)
Oncogene
13
:
2235-2242
)

The
Meis2
homeodomain
is
identical
to
that
of
Meis1
,
and
is
most
closely
related
to
those
of
the
Pbx/TGIF
homeobox
gene
products

By
in
situ
hybridization
analysis
,
we
show
that
the
Meis2
gene
displays
spatially
restricted
expression
patterns
in
the
developing
nervous
system
,
limbs
,
face
,
and
in
various
viscera

In
adult
mice
,
Meis2
is
mainly
expressed
in
the
brain
and
female
genital
tract
,
with
a
different
distribution
of
the
alternative
splice
forms
in
these
organs

A
methodical
strategy
for
the
isolation
of
microsatellite
markers
specific
for
targeted
regions
of
bovine
chromosomes
is
presented

With
this
approach
,
a
library
specific
to
the
BTA
6q21-31
chromosomal
region
was
constructed

Eleven
unique
microsatellite-containing
sequences
were
isolated
,
converted
into
sequence-tagged
microsatellite
sites
,
and
characterized
concerning
their
species-specific
origin

Seven
primer
pairs
generated
bovine-specific
PCR
products
and
provided
a
set
of
microsatellite
markers
that
generally
revealed
high
informativity
in
the
HF
breed

The
results
underline
the
usefulness
of
the
BTA
6q21-31
library
for
targeted
isolation
of
unique
sequences
that
are
specific
for
the
dissected
chromosomal
region
as
demonstrated
here
by
the
isolation
of
microsatellite
markers

The
RFLP
analysis
revealed
13
haplotypes
which
showed
weak
geographical
patterning
consistent
with
a
recent
range
expansion
from
a
refugial
population
(
s
)

An
analysis
of
molecular
variance
(
AMOVA
)
revealed
no
correspondence
between
mtDNA
phylogeography
and
subspecies
delimitation
,
nor
between
matrilines
and
areas
characterized
by
a
high
incidence
of
the
viverrid-type
rabies
,
of
which
the
yellow
mongoose
is
the
principal
vector

The
lack
of
structure
was
also
shown
by
control
region
sequences
although
four
of
the
maternal
lineages
shared
a
near-perfect
81
bp
repeat

We
speculate
that
regional
hot
spots
of
the
viverrid
rabies
biotype
reflect
population
density
differences
in
the
yellow
mongoose
that
are
not
underscored
by
genetic
partitioning
,
at
least
at
the
level
of
resolution
provided
by
our
analyses

The
indoor
pollution
,
where
the
patients
pass
in
general
close
to
90
%
of
their
time
,
is
an
important
factor
to
take
in
consideration
if
one
wants
to
evaluate
suitably
the
effects
of
the
air
pollution
on
the
health

Causes
of
this
kind
of
pollution
are
partially
linked
to
the
external
pollution
and
the
outdoor
environment
and
also
are
function
of
human
activities
and
introduced
products
in
the
habitat
(
heating
,
tabagisme
,
handywork
,
products
of
maintenance
,
coatings
,
materials
of
construction
,
etc

)

The
effects
on
health
are
as
various
as
the
pollutants
,
going
from
sharp
intoxication
to
irritations
or
simply
desagreements

In
this
problem
of
public
health
we
may
not
underestimated
sensitive
persons
and
risky
group
as
well
as
long
terme
effects
,
and
chronic
exposition
effects

The
search
of
solutions
needs
multiple
competences
from
the
physician
,
who
has
to
play
an
essential
role

Dioxins
are
a
family
of
chlorinated
aromatic
hydrocarbons
that
are
produced
during
combustion
processes
in
the
presence
of
a
chlorine
donor
and
as
by-products
of
the
chlorine-processing
chemical
industries

Several
dioxins
are
extremely
stable
compounds
and
persist
for
years
in
the
environment

Exposure
to
dioxins
occurs
mainly
via
the
ingestion
of
contaminated
food

The
mechanisms
of
dioxin
action
are
similar
to
those
of
a
hormone

Dioxins
bind
to
a
specific
intracellular
receptor
and
the
complex
acts
as
a
transcription
factor
that
induces
the
production
of
a
great
number
of
proteins

Certain
dioxins
,
particularly
2
,
3
,
7
,
8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
,
are
very
toxic
and
able
to
induce
numerous
clinical
conditions

The
carcinogenicity
of
dioxins
is
well
documented
in
animal
models
and
has
been
described
in
humans
after
professional
and
accidental
exposures

The
particular
sensibility
of
the
fetus
and
newborn
is
of
concern
because
the
exposition
to
dioxins
is
particularly
important
during
those
periods
of
life

In
humans
a
series
of
conditions
related
to
hormonal
dysfunction
as
undescended
testis
,
decreased
spermatogenesis
,
testicular
cancer
and
endometriosis
have
increased
in
incidence
during
the
last
decades

The
chronological
parallelism
with
the
appearance
of
dioxins
in
the
environment
suggests
that
these
might
exert
biological
effects
at
the
prevailing
level
of
exposure

Nevertheless
this
hypothesis
is
currently
unconfirmed
by
epidemiological
studies

The
implications
of
this
scientific
incertitude
for
the
implementation
of
preventive
measures
are
briefly
discussed

This
presentation
summarizes
the
debate
on
the
suggested
progressive
impairment
of
semen
quality
(
the
``
sperm
fall
''
)
in
the
last
forty
years
in
the
developed
countries

The
various
available
data
strongly
suggesting
an
environmental
toxic
origin
for
the
``
sperm
fall
''
will
be
presented
as
well
as
the
most
frequently
suspected
class
of
substances
,
the
xenoestrogens

Diabetes
mellitus
is
a
still
growing
disease

The
treatment
of
diabetes
2
by
the
classic
oral
antidiabetic
drugs
(
sulfamides
and
biguanides
)
is
completed
by
intestinal
glycosidases
inhibitors
and
thiazolidendiones

Recent
intervention
studies
have
demonstrated
the
necessity
to
treat
vigorously
dysipidemias

<
TO_SEE
>
Despite
Beta-blockade
therapy
has
been
considered
as
an
absolute
contraindication
in
the
treatment
of
heart
failure
,
it
has
been
shown
that
they
could
have
a
beneficial
effect
,
provided
that
they
were
introduced
at
very
low
dose
,
and
very
progressively
in
addition
of
the
traditional
treatment

The
advances
in
the
understanding
of
the
neuro-hormonal
mechanisms
of
heart
failure
have
modified
the
therapeutic
strategy
:
the
deleterious
effect
of
the
activation
of
the
sympathetic
nervous
system
on
the
myocardium
has
served
as
the
rationale
for
randomized
clinical
trials
comparing
beta-blockade
to
placebo
:
the
current
data
are
promising
,
suggesting
a
beneficial
effect
on
survival
as
well
as
on
quality
of
life

Calcium
antagonists
have
been
used
for
treatment
of
cardiovascular
diseases
for
more
than
25
years

Several
recent
retrospective
studies
have
suggested
that
chronic
treatment
with
short-acting
dihydropyridines
increased
the
incidence
of
cardiac
events
,
cancer
and
gastrointestinal
bleedings

Randomized
prospective
studies
have
,
however
,
never
been
able
to
confirm
these
observations

In
addition
,
well-conducted
studies
using
verapamil
and
diltiazem
have
suggested
that
these
calcium
antagonists
may
even
improve
cardiovascular
mortality
and
morbidity
of
the
hypertensive
patient

<
TO_SEE
>
There
is
therefore
no
reason
to
believe
that
the
questionable
results
derived
from
retrospective
studies
of
the
effects
of
short-acting
calcium
antagonists
on
cardiac
and
noncardiac
events
may
apply
to
the
newer
generation
of
long-acting
calcium
antagonists

These
drugs
are
very
efficacious
and
generally
devoided
of
important
side
effects
,
but
they
are
expensive
and
therefore
have
to
be
compared
with
other
,
more
conventional
drugs
with
established
or
assumed
efficacy

We
summarize
the
pharmacologic
characteristics
of
Sumatriptan
and
give
recommendations
about
its
use
in
clinical
practice

Fiercer
competition
between
athletes
and
a
wider
knowledge
of
optimal
training
regimens
dramatically
influence
current
training
methods

Positive
overtraining
can
be
regarded
as
a
natural
process
when
the
end
result
is
adaptation
and
improved
performance
:
the
supercompensation
principle
--
which
includes
the
breakdown
process
(
training
)
followed
by
the
recovery
process
(
rest
)
--
is
well
known
in
sports

However
,
psychological
testing
may
reveal
early-warning
signs
more
readily
than
the
various
physiological
or
immunological
markers

An
athlete
failing
to
recover
within
72
hours
has
presumably
negatively
overtrained
and
is
in
an
overreached
state

There
are
many
methods
used
to
measure
the
training
process
but
few
with
which
to
match
the
recovery
process
against
it

Furthermore
,
directing
attention
to
psychophysiological
cues
serves
the
same
purpose
as
in
RPE
,
i.e
.
increasing
self-awareness

This
article
reviews
and
conceptualises
the
whole
overtraining
process

In
doing
so
,
it
(
i
)
aims
to
differentiate
between
the
types
of
stress
affecting
an
athlete
's
performance
:
(
ii
)
identifies
factors
influencing
an
athlete
's
ability
to
adapt
to
physical
training
:
(
iii
)
structures
the
recovery
process

The
TQR
method
to
facilitate
monitoring
of
the
recovery
process
is
then
suggested
and
a
conceptual
model
that
incorporates
all
of
the
important
parameters
for
performance
gain
(
adaptation
)
and
loss
(
maladaptation
)

To
address
this
,
our
article
first
refers
to
the
main
aspects
of
salivary
gland
physiology

Both
salivary
output
and
composition
depend
on
the
activity
of
the
autonomic
nervous
system
and
any
modification
of
this
activity
can
be
observed
indirectly
by
alternations
in
the
salivary
excretion

The
effects
of
physical
activity
(
with
reference
to
factors
such
as
exercise
intensity
and
duration
,
or
type
of
exercise
protocol
)
on
salivary
composition
are
then
considered

Exercise
might
indeed
induce
changes
in
several
salivary
components
such
as
immunoglobulins
,
hormones
,
lactate
,
proteins
and
electrolytes

Beyond
a
certain
intensity
of
exercise
,
and
coinciding
with
the
accumulation
of
blood
lactate
(
anaerobic
threshold
or
AT
)
,
a
'saliva
threshold
'
(
Tsa
)
does
indeed
exist

The
occurrence
of
the
2
thresholds
(
AT
and
Tsa
)
might
,
in
turn
,
be
attributable
to
the
same
underlying
mechanism
,
that
of
increased
adrenal
sympathetic
activity
at
high
exercise
intensities

Fat
is
an
extremely
important
substrate
for
muscle
contraction
,
both
at
rest
and
during
exercise

Triglycerides
(
TGs
)
,
stored
in
adipose
tissue
and
within
muscle
fibres
,
are
considered
to
be
the
main
source
of
the
free
fatty
acids
(
FFAs
)
oxidised
during
exercise

It
is
still
unclear
,
however
,
how
the
use
of
these
substrates
is
regulated
during
exercise

The
regulation
seems
to
be
multifactorial
and
includes
:
(
i
)
dietary
and
nutritional
status
;
(
ii
)
hormonal
milieu
;
(
iii
)
exercise
mode
,
intensity
and
duration
;
and
(
iv
)
training
status

On
the
other
hand
,
the
mechanism
for
FFA
transport
from
its
storage
as
triglycerides
in
adipose
tissue
and
muscle
to
its
place
of
utilisation
in
heart
,
skeletal
muscle
,
kidney
and
liver
is
more
clearly
understood

Other
studies
have
found
that
during
prolonged
exercise
,
muscle
TGs
become
the
predominant
source
of
energy
obtained
from
fat

For
example
,
during
exercise
on
a
cycle
ergometer
,
nonplasma
FFAs
and
plasma
FFAs
contribute
40
%
,
and
carbohydrates
60
%
,
of
the
total
calculated
amount
of
energy
expenditure
before
exercise
and
vice
versa
after
exercise
(
60
%
nonplasma
and
plasma
FFAs
and
40
%
carbohydrates
)

Although
it
was
many
years
before
it
was
fully
demonstrated
,
fat
is
now
known
to
be
transported
in
the
blood
as
FFA
bound
to
the
protein
carrier
albumin

The
mobilisation
of
FFA
is
primarily
a
function
of
sympathetic
nervous
activity
directed
towards
the
adipocytes
,
or
the
'fat
pad
'
.
This
nervous
activity
can
be
direct
or
may
be
an
effect
of
circulating
catecholamines
such
as
adrenaline
(
epinephrine
)

This
article
summarises
the
role
of
fat
metabolism
during
exercise

As
the
clinical
availability
of
glycohaemoglobin/GHb
measurement
increases
,
so
does
the
need
for
comparable
and
accurate
values
among
different
laboratories
and
different
methods

At
least
there
should
be
comparability
,
i.e
.
,
commutability
or
feasibility
of
providing
comparable
results
from
different
assays
in
different
laboratories

Data
on
the
actual
state
of
inter-laboratory
and
inter-assay
differences
of
observed
values
were
useful
for
comparing
results
among
facilities

Even
after
correction
,
8
out
of
11
methods
still
remained
of
little
practical
use
because
of
their
large
relative
errors

Inter-method
differences
among
11
available
assay
methods
were
great
even
after
correction
and
depended
on
not
only
the
methods
but
the
samples
used
for
the
determination

The
performance
of
some
methods
or
instruments
used
are
only
poor
at
distinguishing
the
stable
glycated
haemoglobin
itself

Some
alternative
measurement
system
with
comparability
,
commutability
and
precision
should
be
established

An
urgent
and
worldwide
problem
to
remove
inter-laboratory
differences
in
the
measurement
of
GHb
needs
to
be
solved

The
results
show
that
87
%
of
hospitals
possess
colour
Doppler
ultrasound
(
CDUS
)
machines
and
that
46
%
of
departments
perform
ultrasound
as
the
first
line
investigation
in
over
90
%
of
cases

Thirty
per
cent
of
departments
considered
calf
vein
visualization
to
be
generally
adequate
and
34
%
thought
that
clinicians
in
their
hospitals
invariably
anticoagulated
patients
with
isolated
calf
thrombus

The
widespread
use
of
ultrasound
is
encouraging
,
however
,
there
are
clearly
diverse
views

A
significant
minority
of
departments
depend
principally
upon
venography
in
the
diagnosis
of
DVT

Existential
phenomenology
and
the
sociological
tradition

Dual
leadership
in
complex
organizations

Scientists
at
major
and
minor
universities
:
a
study
of
productivity
and
recognition

Demotion
in
industrial
management

Career
anchorage
:
managerial
mobility
motivations

Social
class
and
premarital
sexual
permissiveness
:
a
re-examination

A
comment
on
``
anomy
''

A
factor
analytic
exploration
of
the
alienation
,
anomia
and
authoritarianism
domain

Technical
note
on
two
rates
of
mixed
marriage

Some
comments
on
awareness

On
experimental
design

The
comfort
movements
of
Anatidae

Potential
ethological
isolating
mechanisms
and
assortative
mating
in
the
domestic
fowl

I
.
The
behavior
of
chicks
which
do
not
eat
the
mealworm

II

Vision
versus
touch
in
form
discrimination

The
conservation
of
a
shape
property
and
a
proposal
about
the
origin
of
the
conservations

The
display
of
information
and
the
judgment
of
contingency

Amylase
production
by
Streptomyces
species

A
statistical
evaluation

Studies
on
nitrogen
metabolism
of
Penicillium
chrysogenum
Thom
.
I
.
Effects
of
lactose
and
sucrose
additions
on
nitrogen
metabolism

Studies
on
nitrogen
metabolism
of
Penicillium
chrysogenum
Thom
.
II

Amino
acid
metabolism
and
its
relation
to
the
biosynthesis
of
penicillin

The
contribution
of
thoracic
surgery
to
our
discipline

Research
past
and
present
,
with
particular
reference
to
the
application
of
the
techniques
of
basic
science
to
the
problems
of
adrenal
pathology

Coexistence
of
subdural
and
archnoidal
collections
of
fluid
:
an
unusual
case

The
scope
of
sphincterotomy
in
biliary
and
pancreatic
surgery

``
Chronic
pancreatitis
``
and
carcinoma
of
the
pancreas

Control
of
post-haemorrhoidectomy
bleeding
with
a
Foley
catheter
and
a
pack

Diagnosis
and
therapy
of
chronic
aspecific
pancreatitis

Behavior
of
the
tetanus
patient
subjected
to
resuscitation
treatment

Further
data
on
mediastinal
and
pulmonary
tumors
of
the
child

Review
and
personal
cases

Dextran
of
low
molecular
weight
in
peripheral
arterial
insufficiency

On
the
significance
of
histologic
findings
in
neoplasms
of
the
trophoblast
(
case
contributions
)

Diagnostic
evaluation
of
the
patient
with
high
blood
pressure

Renal
vascular
hypertension
;
diagnosis
and
treatment

Guanethidine

Oviposition
and
its
regulation
in
the
polygynous
society
of
Polistes
gallicus
L.

Interaction
of
aggressive
and
sexual
behavior
in
male
mice

Conflict
and
conditioned
aversive
stimuli
in
the
development
of
experimental
neuroses

Study
of
the
effect
of
newer
analeptic
(
Micoren
)
in
hypoventilation
syndrome

Treatment
of
a
disorder
of
perception
and
concept
formation
in
a
case
of
school
failure

Rorschach
correlates
of
time
estimation

Use
of
food
in
child
psychotherapy

About
genital
discharge
with
special
consideration
of
its
cervical
manifestation

Clinical
experience
with
the
surface
anesthetic
xylocaine
in
obstetrics

The
problem
of
medicinal
management
of
labor

Conglutination
of
the
labia
minora

The
fight
against
hemolytic
disease
of
the
newborn
in
general
practice

Long
term
results
in
the
300
most
grave
cases
out
of
4000
hyperthyroid
patients
treated
with
iodine
I-131
at
the
center
of
Ancona

On
socalled
nervous
exhaustion

Examination
of
neonatal
archaic
(
primitive
)
reflexes
in
icterus
gravis

Urologic
complications
in
non-recurrent
cancer
of
the
cervix

Prolonged
cortisone
therapy
in
treatment
of
allergic
diseases

The
complexing
of
calcium
by
citrate
,
ortho-
and
polyphosphates

A
method
of
determining
the
patency
of
the
nasolacrimal
apparatus

Effect
of
sodium
ions
on
the
behavior
of
rest
and
action
potentials
of
the
cell
membrane
of
the
rat
myometrium

Twin
pregnancy
and
fetal
and
infantile
perinatal
mortality

Fate
of
the
2d
twin

Differential
diagnosis
of
infectious
hepatitis
in
pregnancy

Epithelial
metaplasia
of
the
endometrium

Leukoplakia
of
the
vaginal
portion
of
the
uterus
and
its
clinical
evaluation

Fetal
chondrodystrophy

Malignant
mesodermal
mixed
tumor
of
the
uterus
following
irradiation

Supportive
role
of
nurse
in
first
stage
of
labor
``
can
not
be
emphasized
enough
''
,
according
to
patient

Toxemia
of
pregnancy

Outpatient
care
--
the
role
of
the
nurse

Abandonment
:
deepest
fear
of
hospitalized
children

Support
in
first
stage
of
labor

Purposeful
``
heroic
''
heart
treatment

Skilled
workers
are
vital
to
maintenance
cost
cuts

2

Cancer
of
the
vulva

Effects
of
smoking
on
selected
clinical
obstetric
factors

Amniotic
fluid
embolism

A
review
of
the
syndrome
with
a
report
of
4
cases

Chronic
histiocytosis
X
associated
with
pregnancy

Disseminated
lupus
erythematosus
in
pregnancy

Intralesional
therapy
with
betamethasone

Strucutre
of
the
influenza
virus

2
students
at
Quo
Vadis

Double
aortic
arch
associated
with
tetralogy
of
Fallot
in
infants
;
report
of
two
cases

Tested
questionnaires
help
administration
learn
if
programs
are
a
success
,
and
why

Mass
spectrometry
in
structural
and
stereochemical
problems

93

Further
observations
on
the
importance
of
interatomic
distance
in
the
McLafferty
rearrangement

Synthesis
and
fragmentation
behavior
of
deuterium-labeled
12-keto
steroids

A
three-year
comparison
of
day
and
residental
treatment

Beta-propiolactone
as
used
in
sterilization
of
homografts
not
carcinogenic
for
mice

New
operations
in
children
's
cardiac
disease

Effect
of
diabetes
and
starvation
on
myocardial
triglyceride
and
free
fatty
acid
utilization

Effect
of
epinephrine
on
myocardial
triglyceride
and
free
fatty
acid
utilization

Diurnal
periodicity
in
the
metabolic
activity
of
bone
tissue

Fine
structure
of
desmosomes

,
hemidesmosomes
,
and
an
adepidermal
globular
layer
in
developing
newt
epidermis

Redundant
myelin
sheaths
and
other
ultrastructural
features
of
the
toad
cerebellum

A
fine
structural
analysis
of
the
epidermis
of
the
earthworm
,
Lumbricus
terrestris
L.

The
origin
and
glyceride
distribution
of
fatty
acids
in
rat
adipose
tissue

Absorption
of
medium
and
long
chain
triglycerides
:
factors
influencing
their
hydrolysis
and
transport

The
effect
of
epinephrine
on
immunoreactive
insulin
levels
in
man

Comparative
fates
of
intravenously
and
orally
administered
aldosterone
:
evidence
for
extrahepatic
formation
of
acid-hydrolyzable
conjugate
in
man

Binding
of
sulfobromophthalein
(
BSP
)
sodium
by
plasma
albumin

Its
role
in
hepatic
BSP
extraction

The
rationale
of
extended
resection
for
complicated
cancer
of
the
large
bowel

Surgical
treatment
of
urinary
stones

Prevention
of
stone
formation

Urinary
calculi

The
family
medicine
program
of
the
University
of
Miami

Electron
microscopic
studies
of
Mycoplasma
(
PPLO
strain
880
)
in
artificial
medium
and
in
tissue
culture

Chemotherapeutic
effects
on
mammalian
tumor
cells

3

Modification
of
leukemia
L1210
growth
kinetics
with
an
antimetabolite

Comparison
of
the
sensitivity
of
normal
hematopoietic
and
transplanted
lymphoma
colony-forming
cells
of
mice
to
vinblastine
administered
in
vivo

Evidence
for
an
immunological
reaction
of
the
host
directed
against
its
own
actively
growing
primary
tumor

Hyperbaric
oxygen
,
whole-body
X
irradiation
,
and
cyclophosphamide
combination
therapy
in
mouse
leukemia
L1210

Clinical
staging
in
cancer
of
the
larynx
:
a
report
on
788
cases
using
the
American
Joint
Committee
's
method
of
stage
classification

Effects
of
tryptophan
mustard
on
incorporation
of
amino
acids
into
proteins
in
tumor-bearing
rats

An
electron
microscope
study
of
plant
neoplasia
induced
by
wound
tumor
virus

Possibilities
of
surgical
correction
of
malformations
of
the
bones
of
the
foot

Radiocinematographic
and
clinical
correlation

Muscle
pathology
;
contribution
of
experimentation

Origin
of
milk
cholesterol
in
the
rat
:
dietary
versus
endogenous
sources

Cardiac
monitors
work
--
but
they
should
report
more
than
they
do

Delivery
room
pediatrics

A
pediatrician
's
checklist
for
adolescents

Community
clinic
treatment
for
back-ward
patients

Studies
in
infantile
malnutrition

Fish
protein
concentrates
in
the
treatment
of
kwashiorkor

athyrism
in
the
fetal
rat

Evidence
for
impairment
of
elastin
formation

Bony
proliferation
of
neural
arches
with
cord
compression

Amyloidosis
of
the
cornea

Effect
of
tranquilizing
drugs
on
postnatal
behavior

Fathers
in
the
delivery
room
--
an
opposition
standpoint

Fathers
in
the
delivery
--
''
helpful
and
supportive
''

``
Return
the
joy
of
home
delivery
''
with
fathers
in
the
delivery
room

Fathers
in
the
delivery
room
--
long
experience
molds
one
viewpoint

Doctors
--
we
need
you

Pharmacological
blockade
of
ovulation
in
the
ewe

Some
factors
affecting
the
response
of
the
immature
mouse
to
pregnant
mare
serum
gonadotrophin
and
human
chorionic
gonadotrophin

Metabolic
and
endocrine
effects
of
lysergic
acid
diethylamide
(
LSD-25
)
on
male
rats

Relationship
of
fractons
of
soybeans
and
a
crystalline
soybean
trypsin
inhibitor
to
the
effects
of
feeding
unheated
soybean
meal
to
chicks

Metabolism
of
polyunsaturated
fatty
acids
and
serum
cholesterol
levels
in
the
rat

Comparison
of
neutral
fat
and
free
fatty
acids
in
high
lipid-low
carbohydrate
diets
for
the
growing
chicken

An
approach
to
quantitative
analysis
of
intrauterine
pressure
data

Intracranial
teratomas
in
fetal
life
and
infancy

Breast
engorgement
and
postpartum
fever

Evolution
of
a
placenta
circumvallata

Sequential
estrogen-progestogen
therapy
in
gynecology

Report
from
the
collaborative
study
of
cerebral
palsy

Perforation
of
the
postpartum
uterus
with
an
intrauterine
contraceptive
device

Congenital
heart
disease
,
deaf-mutism
and
associated
somatic
malformations
occurring
in
several
members
of
one
family

Toward
a
community
alcoholism
program

Cases
8
and
9

Anesthesia
accidents

Profileplasty

Hypertrophic
obstructive
cardiomyopathy

Oral
contraceptives
,
thrombosis
,
and
cyclical
factors
affecting
veins
.

On
the
influence
of
cytostatic
agents
and
immune
bodies
on
choriocarcinoma
cells
in
tissue
culture

Corpora
lutea
in
proven
mules

Reconstructive
tubal
surgery

Studies
on
the
natural
posterior
pituitary
hormones

II

On
the
official
inspection
of
coal-tar
dyes
in
1969

3

Radiosterilization
of
medical
products

I
.
Effects
of
radiation
on
physical
and
chemical
properties
of
injection
needles

Gas
chromatographic
studies
on
organic
mercurials

Application
of
infra-red
absorption
spectroscopy
to
examination
of
drugs
and
their
preparation

XIX

Observation
of
air
pollution
with
the
aid
of
continuous
analysers

3

Correlation
between
the
concentration
of
various
kinds
of
pollutants
in
atmosphere
and
wind
direction
and
velocity
at
Kasumigaseki
,
central
district
of
Tokyo

Ultramicro-analysis
of
cyclohexylamine
and
low
fatty
amines
by
gas
chromatography

Some
knowledges
on
the
potency
of
heparin
fractions
obtained
by
gel
filtration

On
the
peripheral
effects
of
endotoxin
and
leucocyte
pyrogen
in
rabbit

Identification
of
tranquillizers
by
thin-layer
chromatography

Analysis
of
steroids

II

3

Colorimetric
assay
of
thiomesterone

Studies
on
the
radioimmunoassay
of
insulin

Synthesis
of
lysergic
acid
diethylamide
(
LSD
)

Studies
on
the
anti-microbial
activity
of
nonionic
and
anionic
surfactants

On
the
National
Institute
of
Hygienic
Sciences
Standard
``
lysozyme
standard
''

On
the
examination
of
ginseng
and
powdered
ginseng
in
1969

On
the
standardization
of
plastic
suture

Undergraduate
research
assistants
in
the
Faculty
of
Medicine

University
College
of
Rhodesia

Congenital
aortic
stenosis

Hydrogen
ion
equilibrium
in
heart
failure

Various
aspects
of
water-salt
metabolism
in
heart
congestive
failure

Changes
in
the
mechanism
of
renal
acidification
in
congestive
heart
failure
:
effects
of
diuretic
treatment
on
the
acid-base
equilibrium

Clinical
physiopathology
of
congenital
cyanogenic
cardiopathies

Electronic
computers
in
medical
education
of
the
future

Anesthesiology
and
computers

Neuraminic
acid-containing
oligosaccharides
of
human
urine
:
isolation
and
identification
of
di-N-acetylneuraminyl-3-galactosyl-N-acetylgalactosamine
,
6-2-Nacetylneuraminyl-lactose
,
6-2-N-acetylneuraminyl-N-acetyllactosamine
and
3-2-N-acetylneuraminyl-lactose

Determination
of
serum
oxytocinase
(
1-cystine-aminopeptidase
)
activity

Intolerance
to
milk
in
ulcerative
colitis

A
preliminary
report

Research
on
breeding
hygiene
in
pigs
and
piglets
free
from
epidemic
diseases

Q
fever
at
a
combined
meat
and
poultry
abattoir

Some
functional
and
morphological
alterations
occurring
during
and
after
the
adaptation
of
BHK
21
clone
13
cells
to
suspension
culture

Asbestos
as
an
urban
air
contaminant

Gas
permeability
of
plastic
membranes
for
artificial
lungs

Technoogy
,
automation
and
human
welfare

High
energy
roentgen
ray
contamination
of
the
electron
beam
from
a
medical
betatron

The
genetically
significant
dose
from
roentgen
examinations
in
Finland
in
1963

Differential
expression
of
fibroblast
growth
factor-2
and
receptor
by
glial
cells
in
experimental
autoimmune
encephalomelitis
(
EAE
)

Cesarean
deliveries
at
a
university
hospital
:
analysis
of
rates
and
indications

Increase
in
ambient
temperature
may
explain
decrease
in
amniotic
fluid
index

Early
treatment
of
gestational
diabetes
reduces
the
rate
of
fetal
macrosomia

Antenatally
detectable
markers
for
the
diagnosis
of
autosomally
trisomic
fetuses
in
at-risk
pregnancies

Thermal
equipment
usage
patterns
in
neonatal
intensive
care
units
:
interunit
variability
and
intraunit
consistency

Massive
fetomaternal
hemorrhage

Perinatal
features
of
omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate
anus-spinal
defects
(
OEIS
complex
)
associated
with
large
meningomyeloceles
and
severe
limb
defects

Subchorial
hematoma
:
a
probable
cause
of
reversible
nonimmune
hydrops
fetalis

<
TO_SEE
>
Repeated
courses
of
steroids
in
preterm
membrane
rupture
do
not
increase
the
risk
of
histologic
chorioamnionitis

Intrapartum
sonography
of
the
lower
uterine
segment
in
patients
with
breech-presenting
fetuses

Isolated
persistent
fetal
bradycardia
in
complete
A-V
block
:
a
conservative
approach
is
appropriate

Amnioinfusion
for
prevention
of
pulmonary
hypoplasia
in
second-trimester
rupture
of
membranes

Trauma
and
pregnancy

Fetal
breathing
movements
within
24
hours
of
delivery
in
prematurity
are
related
to
histologic
and
clinical
evidence
of
amnionitis

Laerdal
infant
resuscitators
are
unreliable
as
free-flow
oxygen
delivery
devices

Oligohydramnios
and
the
appropriately
grown
fetus

Ultrastructure
of
human
colostral
cells

Dubowitz
assessment
of
gestational
age
and
agreement
with
prenatal
methods

Low
prenatal
weight
gain
among
low-income
women
:
what
are
the
risk
factors
?

Breastfeeding
and
the
use
of
pacifiers

Care
in
normal
birth
:
a
practical
guide

Technical
Working
Group
,
World
Health
Organization

Cesarean
sections
:
women
's
choice
for
giving
birth
?

Epidurals
and
breastfeeding

Lamaze
and
Bradley
childbirth
classes

Concerns
about
the
institutionalization
of
childbirth
education

Index
to
current
literature

A
randomized
trial
of
one-to-one
nurse
support
of
women
in
labor

Women
's
views
of
different
models
of
antenatal
care
in
Victoria
,
Australia

The
effect
of
discharge
pack
formula
and
breast
pumps
on
breastfeeding
duration
and
choice
of
infant
feeding
method

Quality
framework
for
force
plate
testing

Bone
registration
method
for
robot
assisted
surgery
:
pedicle
screw
insertion

Parameter
sensitivity
of
a
mathematical
model
of
the
anterior
cruciate
ligament

Simultaneous
measurement
of
stiffness
and
energy
absorptive
properties
of
articular
cartilage
and
subchondral
trabecular
bone

Estimation
of
loads
and
stresses
in
abdominal
muscles
during
slow
lifts

Contralateral
modification
of
transitory
evoked
otoacoustic
emissions

Treatment
of
cavernous
hemangiomas
with
the
neodymium
:
YAG
laser

An
analysis
of
34
cases

Detection
of
differentially
expressed
genes
in
head-neck
carcinomas

Tuberculosis
of
the
parotid
gland
:
a
rare
differential
diagnosis
of
parotid
tumor

Genetics

A
piece
of
my
mind

A
'normal
'
practice

Predisposition
genetic
testing
for
late-onset
disorders
in
adults

A
position
paper
of
the
National
Society
of
Genetic
Counselors

Scientists
revel
in
new
research
tool
:
an
online
index
of
cancer
genes

Center
for
genetic
research
on
scleroderma

As
discoveries
unfold
,
a
new
urgency
to
bring
genetic
literacy
to
physicians

Gonorrhea
among
men
who
have
sex
with
men
--
selected
sexually
transmitted
diseases
clinics
,
1993-1996

>
From
the
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention

Social
ties
and
susceptibility
to
the
common
cold

Prevention
of
bacterial
endocarditis
:
American
Heart
Association
recommendations

Issues
regarding
antiretroviral
treatment
for
patients
with
HIV-1
infection

Prescribing
protease
inhibitors
for
the
homeless

Treatment
of
verruca
vulgaris
with
topical
cidofovir

Complete
genomic
screen
in
late-onset
familial
Alzheimer
disease

Risk
factor
analysis
and
implications
for
genetic
testing

Characteristics
of
prostate
cancer
in
families
potentially
linked
to
the
hereditary
prostate
cancer
1
(
HPC1
)
locus

Chromosome
19
single-locus
and
multilocus
haplotype
associations
with
multiple
sclerosis

Cancer
incidence
after
retinoblastoma

Radiation
dose
and
sarcoma
risk

Genetic
testing
in
hereditary
colorectal
cancer

Molecular
neurogenetics
:
the
genome
is
settling
the
issue

Family
history
and
genetic
risk
factors
:
forward
to
the
future

Preparing
health
professionals
for
the
genetic
revolution

Preterm
premature
rupture
of
the
membranes
associated
with
recent
cocaine
use

Association
of
parvovirus
infection
with
isolated
fetal
effusions

Early
and
long-term
results
of
rehabilitation
of
cochlear
implant
patients
)

Principles
of
signal
detection
in
pharmacovigilance

Deletion
analysis
of
the
p16/CDKN2
gene
in
head
and
neck
squamous
cell
carcinoma
using
quantitative
polymerase
chain
reaction
method

Ribosomal
S6
kinase
p90rsk
and
mRNA
cap-binding
protein
eIF4E
phosphorylations
correlate
with
MAP
kinase
activation
during
meiotic
reinitiation
of
mouse
oocytes

Hyaluronidase
activity
of
macaque
sperm
assessed
by
an
in
vitro
cumulus
penetration
assay

Reporting
of
adverse
drug
reactions
by
hospital
doctors
and
the
response
to
intervention

Glutamate
receptors
and
gene
induction
:
signalling
from
receptor
to
nucleus

Platelet-derived
growth
factor
activates
a
mammalian
Ste20
coupled
mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
in
airway
smooth
muscle

Cyclic
AMP
inhibitors
inhibits
PDGF-stimulated
mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
activity
in
rat
aortic
smooth
muscle
cells
via
inactivation
of
c-Raf-1
kinase
and
induction
of
MAP
kinase
phosphatase-1

Mitochondrial
cytopathies
and
renal
tubular
acidosis

Drug
resistance
markers
:
are
they
bad
or
good
?

Folate
and
heart
disease
:
theoretical
link
needs
study
.

A
call
for
stepped-up
melanoma
screening

New
approaches
to
stroke
require
immediate
action

The
focus
is
now
on
standards
and
privacy
in
electronic
patient
records

Osteopathic
manifesto

Depression
in
the
chronically
ill
needs
separate
treatment

Medical
centers
tackle
delays
,
reduce
wait
times

Applying
the
AIDS
paradigm
to
hepatitis

New
asthma
guidelines
emphasize
better
diagnosis
,
stricter
control

The
search

1981

Researchers
puzzle
over
origin
of
type
2
diabetes

Ovarian
cancer
:
diagnostic
limitations
,
treatment
obstacles

Osteopathic
manifesto

1981

Osteopathic
manifesto

VI

The
light
of
the
profession

1981

Electrophysiological
evidence
on
the
time
course
of
semantic
and
phonological
processes
in
speech
production

Effects
of
alanine
and
glycine
substitution
for
tryptophan
on
the
heterogeneity
of
gramicidin
A
analogs
in
micelles

Application
to
biomedical
magnetic
resonance
spectroscopy

An
efficient
HN
(
CA
)
NH
pluse
scheme
for
triple-resonance
4D
correlation
of
sequential
amide
protons
and
nitrogens-15
in
deuterated
proteins

Optimal
detection
of
weak
nJ
(
1H-
119Sn
)
couplings
by
gradient-enhanced
1D
and
2D
heteronuclear
multiple-quantum
correlation
spectroscopy

Applying
excitation
sculpting
to
construct
singly
and
doubly
selective
1D
NMR
experiments

The
2D
NMR
experiments
H
(
C
)
CO2
and
HCCO2
for
assignment
and
pH
titration
of
carboxylate
groups
in
uniformly
15N/13C-labeled
proteins

Post-acquisition
solvent
suppression
by
singular-value
decomposition

Osteopathic
manifesto

IX

What
about
our
distinctiveness
?
1981

Preparing
for
thalidomide
's
comeback

Heart
disease
:
women
's
unique
risks
demand
attention

Osteopathic
manifesto

VII

Shadows
and
images

Randomised
double-blind
trial
of
fixed
low-dose
warfarin
with
aspirin
after
myocardial
infarction

Coumadin
Aspirin
Reinfarction
Study
(
CARS
)
Investigators

Randomised
trial
of
roxithromycin
in
non-Q-wave
coronary
syndromes
:
ROXIS
Pilot
Study

Association
between
5-HT2A
gene
promoter
polymorphism
and
anorexia
nervosa

Randomised
study
of
radical
surgery
versus
radiotherapy
for
stage
Ib-IIa
cervical
cancer

State
regulation
in
a
world
of
``
boundary-less
''
technology

Physician-assisted
suicide
in
Oregon

Common
nutritional
issues
in
pediatric
and
adult
critical
care
medicine

A
multifactorial
analysis
of
facial
nerve
results
in
surgery
for
cerebellopontine
angle
tumors

Osteopathic
manifesto

Our
distinct
image

1981

Quality
in
general
practice

Clinical
problem-solving
--
where
did
good
old
clinical
diagnosis
go
?

The
named
nurse
:
patient
and
nurse
expectations

Heterologous
vaccines
:
proponent
sparks
some
interest

Steps
still
being
taken
to
undo
damage
of
``
America
's
Nuremberg
''

Patient-centered
ethics
reclaiming
center
stage

Social
ties
and
susceptibility
to
the
common
cold

Connecting
peptide
,
correcting
peptide
?

Winning
health
victories
with
community
commitment

Additional
opinions
on
the
mortality
of
animal
research

A
plan
for
improving
outcomes
for
patients
with
chronic
renal
failure

Scientific
evidence
in
family
and
community
medicine

Evidence
that
the
expression
of
progesterone-induced
blocking
factor
by
maternal
T-lymphocytes
is
positively
correlated
with
conception

The
American
Medical
Association
Guidelines
for
Adolescent
Preventive
Services

Rethink
on
screening
for
breast
cancer

Sports-related
ocular
injuries

Fruit
juice
consumption

The
case
of
the
missing
methylphenidate

<
TO_SEE
>
Intensive
insulin
treatment
after
acute
myocardial
infarction
in
diabetes
mellitus

Intensive
insulin
regimens
in
primary
prevention
should
be
assessed

GPs
'
perceptions
of
tolerability
of
selective
serotonin
reuptake
inhibitors
and
tricyclic
antidepressants

Research
into
long
term
use
is
needed

Authors
'
reply

Impact
of
postmenopausal
hormone
therapy
on
cardiovascular
events
and
cancer
.

Treating
shoulder
complaints
in
general
practice

Diagnostic
criteria
must
be
used
and
therapeutic
regimens
standardised

System
acknowledging
roles
of
contributors
is
best

Authorship

New
authorship
practices
are
needed
in
developing
countries

Researchers
'
objective
is
to
get
the
job
done

Quality
and
clinical
audit

Management
of
ileosigmoid
knotting

Epitome
of
myocarditis

Producing
consistent
estimates
of
the
power
spectral
density
of
NN
sequences

Long-term
benefit
of
one
thrombolytic
over
another

Coupling
of
hemodynamic
measurements
with
oxygen
during
exercise
does
not
improve
risk
stratification
in
patients
with
heart
failure

Smoking
--
good
or
bad
for
semen
?

Violence

Presenilin
polymorphisms
in
Alzheimer
's
disease

Autoimmune
enteropathy
in
adults

Cyclosporiasis
and
raspberries

Protean
agonists

Keys
to
receptor
active
states
?

Kinetic
models
of
ion
channels

Agonist
efficacy
and
allosteric
models
of
receptor
action

Receptor
Classification
:
The
Integration
of
Operational
,
Structural
,
and
Transductional
Information

Verona
,
Italy
,
September
21-22
,
1995

Policies
for
posting
biomedical
journal
information
on
the
Internet

International
Committee
of
Medical
Journal
Editors

Comparison
of
two
methods
of
screening
for
genital
chlamydial
infection
in
women
attending
in
general
practice
:
cross
sectional
survey

Antimicrobial
therapy
in
neutropenia

MÃ1/4llerian
agenesis
:
an
update

Patient
consent
for
publication
and
the
health
of
the
public

Battling
HI
on
many
fronts

Medical
Injury
Compensation
Reform
Act
:
good
or
bad
?

Fever
of
unknown
origin

Moxonidine
for
hypertension

Researchers
make
slow
headway
in
managing
dry
mouth

A
kinder
,
gentler
approach

Managing
the
anxious
and
phobic
dental
patient

Do
it
or
lose
it

Assessment
of
fetal
nuchal
translucency
test
for
Down
's
syndrome

Chemotherapy
with
praziquantel
has
the
potential
to
reduce
the
prevalence
of
Echinococcus
multilocularis
in
wild
foxes
(
Vulpes
vulpes
)

Death
rates
from
childhood
leukaemia
near
nuclear
sites

Other
studies
showed
that
radiation
levels
in
Newbury
area
were
low

Haemoptysis
:
a
rare
cause

Human
papillomavirus
types
52
and
58
are
prevalent
in
cervical
cancer
from
Chinese
women

Breastfeeding
after
early
discharge

Malnutrition
and
microcephaly
in
Australian
aboriginal
children

Generalised
caseous
lymphadenitis

Public
health
approach
to
activated
protein
C
resistance
assay

Dose-volume
histograms
can
be
interpreted
in
different
ways

Cervical
cancer
screening

CyberCHEST

An
open
future

Keeping
us
on
our
toes
!

Mortality
and
length
of
stay
in
teaching
vs
nonteaching
hospitals

Early
discharge
of
newborns

Patient
consent
for
publication

Flucticasone
propionate
is
safe
in
recommended
doses

Fetal
nuchal
translucency
test
for
Down
's
syndrome

Meta-analyses
and
large
randomized
,
controlled
trials

Low-fat
diets

Ultrasonographic
evaluation
of
parathyroid
hyperplasia

Misconceptions
about
mosaicism

Are
normal
hearing
thresholds
a
sufficient
condition
for
click-evoked
otoacoustic
emissions
?

Structure
and
in
vitro
substrate
specificity
of
the
murine
multidrug
resistance-associated
protein

ATP-dependent
transport
of
lipophilic
cytotoxic
drugs
by
membrane
vesicles
prepared
from
MRP-overexpressing
HL60/ADR
cells

Cellular
and
in
vitro
transport
of
glutathione
conjugates
by
MRP

Effect
of
calcium
and
vitamin
D
supplementation
on
bone
density
in
men
and
women
65
years
of
age
or
older

Infection
control
and
contaminated
waste
disposal
practices
in
Southern
Sydney
Area
Health
Service
Dental
Clinics

Vitamins
and
minerals
:
efficacy
and
safety

Joint
Commission
on
Accreditation
of
Healthcare
Organizations
'
infection
control
requirements
:
fact
or
fiction
?

Poppy
tea
and
the
baker
's
first
seizure

ABC
of
mental
health

Mental
health
and
the
law

Tests
of
the
double-strand
break
,
lethal-potentially
lethal
and
repair-misrepair
models
for
mammalian
cell
survival
using
data
for
survival
as
a
function
of
delayed-plating
interval
for
log-phase
Chinese
hamster
V79
cells

Influence
of
physician
confidentiality
assurances
on
adolescents
'
willingness
to
disclose
information
and
seek
future
health
care

A
randomized
controlled
trial

Fever
in
Africa
:
do
patients
know
when
they
are
hot
?

Randomised
placebo-controlled
trial
of
granulocyte-colony
stimulating
factor
in
diabetic
foot
infection

Systemic
absorption
of
sunscreen
after
topical
application

A
comparison
of
continuous
infusion
of
alteplase
with
double-bolus
administration
for
acute
myocardial
infarction

Evaluation
and
management
of
traumatic
lacerations

Ethics
of
HIV
trials

The
ethics
industry

Fever
in
Africa
and
WHO
recommendation

Antibiotic
management
of
sore
throat

Lansoprazole
,
H.
pylori
,
and
atrophic
gastritis
.

Help
wanted
:
ultrasonographers

``
Children
are
not
supposed
to
die

Structure-activity
and
mechanism
studies
on
silicon
phthalocyanines
with
Plasmodium
falciparum
in
the
dark
and
under
red
light

Effects
of
dobutamine
at
maximally
tolerated
dose
on
myocardial
blood
flow
in
humans
with
ischemic
heart
disease
.

Ion
composition
of
airway
surface
liquid
of
patients
with
cystic
fibrosis
as
compared
with
normal
and
disease-control
subjects

Research
in
Copenhagen
hospitals
--
a
bibliometric
evaluation

More
on
infertility

Dermatobia
--
tropical
myiasis

<
TO_SEE
>
Measles
vaccination
and
inflammatory
bowel
disease

Treatment
of
suicidal
patients

The
systemic
amyloidoses

Specialists
and
nurses
:
the
pillars
of
hospital
care

Disability
models
in
geriatrics
:
comprehensive
rather
than
competing
models
should
be
promoted

Ethical
issues
in
interventional
radiology

Taking
issue
with
UK
funding
priorities

Phototherapeutic
keratectomy
in
recurrent
corneal
erosions
refractory
to
other
forms
of
treatment

Wegener
's
granulomatosis
from
infancy
to
adolescence

Planned
parenthood
and
artifical
selection

Valvular
heart
disease
associated
with
fenfluramine-phentermine

Methadone
maintenance
treatment
:
a
Canadian
perspective

Survey
on
rotavirus
infections
in
a
German
pediatric
hospital

Long-term
effect
of
calcium
supplementation
during
pregnancy
on
the
blood
pressure
of
offspring
:
follow
up
of
a
randomised
controlled
trial

The
catalytic
role
of
carbon
dioxide
in
the
decomposition
of
peroxynitrite

Ropinirole
for
the
treatment
of
early
Parkinson
's
disease

The
Ropinirole
Study
Group

Female
genital
mutilation
:
a
contemporary
issue
,
and
a
Victorian
obsession

Fluoride
treatment
increased
serum
IGF-1
,
bone
turnover
,
and
bone
mass
,
but
not
bone
strength
,
in
rabbits

Retrospective
comparison
of
techniques
to
prevent
secondary
cataract
formation
after
posterior
chamber
intraocular
lens
implantation
in
infants
and
children

Serotonin
as
a
regulator
of
hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal
activity
in
teleost
fish

Predicting
functional
appliance
treatment
outcome
in
Class
II
malocclusions
--
a
review

Effect
of
cereal
fibre
source
and
processing
on
rectal
epithelial
cell
proliferation

Update
:
influenza
activity
--
worldwide
,
March-August
1997

A
drop
in
pediatric
subject
examination
scores
after
curriculum
changes
that
emphasize
general
pediatric
topics

Paradigms
and
the
rise
(
or
fall
?
)
of
molecular
biology

The
diabetes
audit
and
research
in
Tayside
Scotland
(
DARTS
)
study
:
electronic
record
linkage
to
create
a
diabetes
register

DARTS/MEMO
Collaboration

Vesico-uterine
fistula
--
a
rare
complication
of
vacuum
extraction
in
a
patient
with
previous
caesarean
section

Managing
endophthalmitis

The
plug
and
patch
repair
for
managing
the
inguinal
hernia
of
the
adult

Human
herpesvirus
8
variants
in
sarcoid
tissues

Practice
parameters
for
the
assessment
and
treatment
of
children
and
adolescents
with
schizophrenia

American
Academy
of
Child
and
Adolescent
Psychiatry

Practice
parameters
for
the
psychiatric
assessment
of
infants
and
toddlers
(
0-36
months
)

American
Academy
of
Child
and
Adolescent
Psychiatry

Practice
parameters
for
the
forensic
evaluation
of
children
and
adolescents
who
may
have
been
physically
or
sexually
abused

American
Academy
of
Child
and
Adolescent
Psychiatry

Practice
parameters
for
the
psychiatric
assessment
of
children
and
adolescents

American
Academy
of
Child
and
Adolescent
Psychiatry

Alternative
medicine

Effect
of
danaparoid
sodium
on
hard
exudates
in
diabetic
retinopathy
.

Lead
based
paint
hazards
in
early
childhood
centres
in
the
Wellington
region

Gene
technology
and
democracy

Use
of
statins

Adequacy
of
SMAC
's
statement
should
be
judged
by
clinicians
,
not
health
economists

Getting
a
handle
on
the
molecules
that
guide
axons

The
functional
neuroanatomy
of
episodic
memory
retrieval

Re
:
``
Biologic
synergism
and
parallelism
''

Shifting
medical
education
from
the
icebox
to
the
refrigerator

Reattendance
and
complications
in
a
randomised
trial
of
prescribing
strategies
for
sore
throat
:
the
medicalising
effect
of
prescribing
antibiotics

<
TO_SEE
>
Coronary
artery
problems
during
homograft
aortic
valve
replacement
:
role
of
transesophageal
echocardiography

Evidence-based
medicine
and
general
practice

Koch
's
or
Crohn
's
?

Female
Stress
Urinary
Incontinence
Clinical
Guidelines
Panel
summary
report
on
surgical
management
of
female
stress
urinary
incontinence

Haemodynamic
performance
of
a
16-mm
Carbomedics
aortic
prosthesis

Case
records
of
the
Massachusetts
General
Hospital

Case
30-1997

Cure
of
Helicobacter
pylori
infection
improves
gastric
acid
secretion
in
patients
with
corpus
gastritis

<
TO_SEE
>
Increased
incidence
of
preeclampsia
in
women
conceiving
by
intrauterine
insemination
with
donor
versus
partner
sperm
for
treatment
of
primary
infertility

Pediatric
cervical
spine
injury
sustained
in
falls
from
low
heights

Prophylaxis
after
occupational
exposure
to
HIV

How
critical
are
critical
values
?

A
classification
of
nucleotide-diphospho-sugar
glycosyltransferases
based
on
amino
acid
sequence
similarities

Who
should
care
?

Anesthesiology

Second
of
two
parts

Overdrugging
and
undertreatment
in
primary
health
care

Transesophageal
echocardiography
probe
holder

Confidentiality
as
a
barrier
to
treatment

Recombinant
human
DNase
(
rhDNase
)
influences
phospholipid
composition
,
surface
activity
,
rheology
and
consecutively
clearance
indices
of
cystic
fibrosis
sputum

Palliative
options
of
last
resort
:
a
comparison
of
voluntarily
stopping
eating
and
drinking
,
terminal
sedation
,
physician-assisted
suicide
,
and
voluntary
active
euthanasia

Automation
in
cervical
cytology
:
whose
cost
and
whose
benefit
?

Losing
weight
--
an
ill-fated
New
Year
's
resolution

Profiting
from
closure
:
the
private
finance
initiative
and
the
NHS

Incidence
of
dog
bite
injuries
treated
in
emergency
departments

Use
of
rotational
movements
to
remove
mandibular
molars

Comparison
of
three
methods
used
for
assessment
of
pain
in
dogs

Single-breath
diffusing
capacities
for
NO
,
CO
and
C18O2
in
rabbits

Improved
control
will
provide
better
quality

Case
of
the
month

Autopsy
Committee
of
the
College
of
American
Pathologists

Cor
pulmonale

Human
papillomavirus
in
the
woman
with
HIV

The
realpolitik
of
a
new
National
Health
Service
for
the
UK

What
is
your
diagnosis
?
Foreign
body
in
the
abdomen

Septic
arthritis

Brain
tumours
and
mobile
phones
?

Lung
cancer
,
tobacco
smoking
and
environmental
factors
in
Denmark

Emergency
department
use
as
a
component
of
total
ambulatory
care
:
a
population
perspective

Occupational
therapy
and
outcomes
for
older
adults

Low-molecular-weight
heparins

Case
30-1997
:
pulmonary
interstitial
emphysema
in
infancy

The
tobacco
settlement

Two
actions
are
possible
for
doctors
wanting
to
promote
human
welfare
in
Africa

Carcinogenesis
in
transgenic
mouse
models

Atomic
legacy
in
the
Marshall
Islands

The
road
to
justice

Solvent
solution

Role
of
free
radicals
,
telomeres
,
and
telomerases
in
aging
and
cancerogenesis

The
effect
of
ephedrine
on
the
onset
time
of
rocuronium

Antibody
class
switch
recombinase
activity
is
B
cell
stage
specific
and
functions
stochastically
in
the
absence
of
'targeted
accessibility
'
control

Systematic
review
of
prophylactic
vs
rescue
surfactant

The
safety-net
role
of
international
medical
graduates

The
prevalence
of
chemical
substance
and
alcohol
abuse
in
an
obstetric
population
in
Dublin

schizophrenia
as
failure
of
hemispheric
dominance
for
language

Late
prenatal
ultrasound
features
of
hydrometrocolpos
secondary
to
cloacal
anomaly
:
case
reports
and
review
of
the
literature

Familial
and
primary
(
AL
)
cardiac
amyloidosis
:
echocardiographically
similar
diseases
with
distinctly
different
clinical
outcomes

Diabetic
retinopathy
,
promoter
(
4G/5G
)
polymorphism
of
PAI-1
gene
,
and
PAI-1
activity
in
Pima
Indians
with
type
2
diabetes

Cerebral
abscesses
in
a
patient
with
AIDS
caused
by
methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus
aureus
(
MRSA
)

United
Kingdom
collaborators
in
the
International
Stroke
Trial

Karolinska
Institute
rocked
by
research
misconduct

<
TO_SEE
>
Hepatic
glutamine
synthetase
deficiency
in
fatal
hyperammonemia
after
lung
transplantation

Where
next
in
the
treatment
of
rectal
cancer
?

GAPS
(
AMA
Guidelines
for
Adolescent
Preventive
Services
)

Protocols
for
wound
management

Role
of
fine
needle
aspiration
cytology
in
the
management
of
the
discrete
parotid
lump

More
than
20
years
second-look
surgery
in
advanced
epithelial
ovarian
cancer
:
what
did
we
learn
?

Evaluating
prostate
needle
biopsy
:
therapeutic
and
prognostic
importance

Sudden
cryptococcal
deafness

Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus
aureus
clinical
strain
with
reduced
vancomycin
susceptibility

HIV
and
AIDS
awareness
:
an
evaluation
of
a
short
training
programme
for
midwives

Occupational
asthma
due
to
porcine
pancreatic
amylase

The
influence
of
allergy
and
smoking
on
the
sulphation
of
nasal
mucins

A
hidden
agenda

A
comparison
of
the
early
outcome
of
acute
myocardial
infarction
in
women
and
men

Management
of
life-threatening
acid-base
disorders

Second
of
two
parts

<
TO_SEE
>
Freeze-dried
cortical
allograft
in
posterior
spinal
arthrodesis
:
use
with
segmental
instrumentation
for
idiopathic
adolescent
scoliosis

Do
no
harm

Thalidomide
,
laser
cavity
preparation
and
oral
hydrogen
peroxide

Emergency
!
Meningococcal
disease

First
the
bad
news
...

Rate
of
RhD
sensitisation
before
and
after
implementation
of
a
community
based
antenatal
prophylaxis
programme

Effect
of
HAART
on
natural
history
of
AIDS-related
opportunistic
disorders

Psoas
abscess

Diagnosed
if
suspected

Breastfeeding
and
catch-up
growth
in
infants
born
small
for
gestational
age

Health
practices
of
critical
care
nurses
:
are
these
nurses
good
role
models
for
patients
?

Testing
for
Helicobacter
pylori
infection
after
antibiotic
treatment
.

Congenital
diaphragmatic
hernia
:
what
happens
after
discharge
?

Ilych
:
a
critical
look
at
the
``
philosophy
of
hospice
''

Sensitivity
and
specificity
of
the
neonatal
brain-stem
auditory
evoked
potential
for
hearing
and
language
deficits
in
survivors
of
extracorporeal
membrane
oxygenation

The
Federated
Council
of
Internal
Medicine
's
resource
guide
for
residency
education
:
an
instrument
for
curricular
change

A
reluctant
doctor
shopper

Localized
Darier
disease

Implications
for
genetic
studies

Guidelines
from
the
Norwegian
Gastrointestinal
Cancer
Group

The
prison
patient

Lung
volume
reduction
surgery
for
emphysema

Vancomycin-resistant
Staphylococcus
aureus
:
apocalypse
now
?

Reflex
sympathetic
dystrophy
:
fact
and
fiction

Acute
hydrocephalus
and
brain
abscess
in
Listeria
monocytogenes
meningitis

Implementation
of
pharmaceutical
practice
guidelines

In
vitro
interactions
of
oxidatively
modified
LDL
with
type
I
,
II
,
III
,
IV
,
and
V
collagen
,
laminin
,
fibronectin
,
and
poly-D-lysine

Mutations
of
the
Drosophila
dDP
,
dE2F
,
and
cyclin
E
genes
reveal
distinct
roles
for
the
E2F-DP
transcription
factor
and
cyclin
E
during
the
G1-S
transition

A
rapid
molecular
method
(
polymerase
chain
reaction
with
sequence-specific
primers
)
to
genotype
for
ABO
blood
group
and
secretor
status
and
its
potential
for
organ
transplants

A
population-based
registry
on
paraproteinaemia
in
The
Netherlands

Comprehensive
Cancer
Centre
West
,
Leiden
,
The
Netherlands

Intra-
and
inter-individual
biological
variability
data
bank

Run-in
periods
in
randomized
trials
:
implications
for
the
application
of
results
in
clinical
practice

Rapid
and
ultrarapid
opioid
detoxification
techniques

Fulminant
hepatitis
associated
with
hepatitis
A
virus
superinfection
in
patients
with
chronic
hepatitis
C

The
Overactive
Bladder
:
From
Basic
Science
to
Clinical
Management
Consensus
Conference

Proceedings

London
,
England
,
June
29
,
1997

Techniques
for
erbium
:
YAG
laser
skin
resurfacing
:
initial
pearls
from
the
first
100
patients

Predicting
changes
in
the
distribution
of
sweating
following
thoracoscopic
sympathectomy
.

The
AACC
Lectureship
Award
Address

The
market
for
health
care
:
where
is
the
patient
?

Human
fetal
pituitary
expresses
functional
growth
hormone-releasing
peptide
receptors

The
Bizarro
world
of
osteodistraction

Sales
of
food
aid
as
sign
of
distress
,
not
excess

Gastrointestinal
absorption
of
metals

The
role
of
the
school
in
the
management
of
attention
deficit
hyperactivity
disorder

Toxic
shock
syndrome
without
rash
in
a
young
child
:
link
with
syndrome
of
hemorrhagic
shock
and
encephalopathy
?

Mediastinal
growing
teratoma
syndrome

Structure
and
expression
of
the
chicken
calmodulin
I
gene

Fibromyalgia
--
out
of
control
?

Vive
le
Malade
!

Electron
beam
computed
tomographic
coronary
calcium
as
a
predictor
of
coronary
events
:
comparison
of
two
protocols

The
ethics
of
genetic
research
on
sexual
orientation

Testicular
sperm
retrieval
by
percutaneous
fine
needle
sperm
aspiration
compared
with
testicular
sperm
extraction
by
open
biopsy
in
men
with
non-obstructive
azoospermia

Cyclin
D1
overexpression
in
malignant
lymphomas

Patient
safety
and
scented
pediatric
anesthesia
facemasks

Ion
channels

SHARPs
:
mammalian
enhancer-of-split-
and
hairy-related
proteins
coupled
to
neuronal
stimulation

Complementary
and
alternative
medicine
:
friend
,
foe
,
or
OWA
?

Ondansetron
is
not
a
panacea

Masking
,
blinding
,
and
peer
review
:
the
blind
leading
the
blinded

Human
cervico-facial
morphogenesis

Evaluation
of
acquired
data
and
current
outlook

(
Part
1
:
facial
morphogenesis
)

The
effect
of
TRK-530
on
experimental
arthritis
in
mice

Spontaneous
exfoliation
of
teeth
following
severe
elemental
mercury
poisoning
:
case
report
and
histological
investigation
for
mechanism

X
inactivation
in
females
with
X-linked
disease

Report
of
spores
of
Henneguya
salminicola
(
Myxozoa
)
in
human
stool
specimens
:
possible
source
of
confusion
with
human
spermatozoa

Pressure-
and
Volume-Limited
Ventilation
Strategy
Group

Abdominal
tuberculosis
involving
hepatic
hilar
lymph
nodes

A
cause
of
portal
vein
thrombosis
and
portal
hypertension

Treatment
of
men
with
paraphilia
with
a
long-acting
analogue
of
gonadotropin-releasing
hormone

Analgesic
nephropathy

Variation
in
proficiency
testing
performance
by
testing
site

The
``
H
''
graft
:
an
alternative
approach
for
performing
minimally
invasive
direct
coronary
artery
bypass

Effect
of
interferon
on
hepatitis
B
.

Health
insurance
for
children
--
a
model
for
incremental
health
reform
?

Distinction
awards
and
racial
discrimination

Potential
biases
were
not
taken
into
account
in
study
of
waiting
times

Coronary
arterioluminal
communications
in
routine
angiography

Treatment
of
postmenopausal
osteoporosis

Fascioloidiasis
in
game-ranched
elk
from
Montana

Lyme
disease
presenting
as
Tourette
's
syndrome

The
screening
muddle

Dimension
in
defining
tumor
response

Preoperative
thromboxane
A2/prostaglandin
H2
receptor
activity
predicts
early
graft
thrombosis

Needle-exchange
programmes
in
the
USA

A
discriminant
function
for
preeclampsia
:
case-control
study
of
minor
hemoglobins
,
red
cell
enzymes
,
and
clinical
laboratory
values

Patterning
of
immobilized
antibody
layers
via
photolithography
and
oxygen
plasma
exposure

A
cell-based
immunobiosensor
with
engineered
molecular
recognition
--
Part
II
:
Enzyme
amplification
systems

Evanescent
wave
fibre
optic
sensor
for
detection
of
L.
donovani
specific
antibodies
in
sera
of
kala
azar
patients

Multianalyte
biosensors
on
optical
imaging
bundles

Specific
binding
of
low
molecular
weight
ligands
with
direct
optical
detection

Amperometric
lactate
oxidase
catheter
for
real-time
lactate
monitoring
based
on
thin
film
technology

Dipstick
only
urinalysis
screen
for
the
pediatric
emergency
room

Cytoplasmic
transport
in
Drosophila
ovarian
follicles
:
the
migration
of
microinjected
fluorescent
probes
through
intercellular
bridges
depends
neither
on
electrical
charge
nor
on
external
osmolarity

The
obstetric
experience
of
carriers
of
haemophilia

Acquired
haemophilia
,
an
unusual
cause
of
severe
postpartum
haemorrhage

Zoonotic
and
viral
infection
in
fetal
loss
after
12
weeks

Molecular
distances
from
dipolar
coupled
spin-labels
:
the
global
analysis
of
multifrequency
continuous
wave
electron
paramagnetic
resonance
data

Computer
science
and
biology
--
the
German
Conference
on
Bioinformatics
(
GCB'96
)

Surface
plasmon
resonance
analysis
of
topoisomerase
I-DNA
binding
:
effect
of
Mg2+
and
DNA
sequence

The
1996
list

Proposed
new
bacterial
taxa
and
proposed
changes
of
bacterial
names
published
during
1996
and
considered
to
be
of
interest
to
medical
or
veterinary
bacteriology

An
informational
note

The
1995
list

Proposed
new
bacterial
taxa
and
proposed
changes
of
bacterial
names
published
during
1995
and
considered
to
be
of
interest
to
medical
or
veterinary
bacteriology

An
informational
note

Biobehavioral
pain
research
:
a
multi-institute
assessment
of
cross-cutting
issues
and
research
needs

Use
of
surface
plasmon
resonance
to
probe
the
equilibrium
and
dynamic
aspects
of
interactions
between
biological
macromolecules

ABC
of
mental
health

Psychosexual
problems

Hazards
of
running
a
marathon

Use
of
a
modified
version
of
the
Overt
Aggression
Scale
in
the
measurement
and
assessment
of
aggressive
behaviours
following
brain
injury

Ectopic
pregnancy
recurrence
:
role
of
gynecologic
,
obstetric
,
contraceptive
and
smoking
history

AIDS
:
a
world
,
a
desire

Urogynaecology
proceedings
of
the
joint
RCOG/BAUS
urogynaecology
meeting

19
September
1996

The
naming
of
a
syndrome

The
use
of
implantable
venous
access
devices
(
IVADs
)
in
children
with
hemophilia

Nephrotic
syndrome
associated
with
hypocomplementemia
in
a
4-year-old
boy
with
hemophilia
B

Growth
hormone
secretion
in
HIV-positive
versus
HIV-negative
hemophilic
males
with
abnormal
growth
and
pubertal
development

The
Hemophilia
Growth
and
Development
Study

Trends
in
HIV
counseling
and
testing
of
clients
attending
a
public
sexually
transmitted
disease
clinic
in
Portland
,
Oregon
,
1989-1995

Risk
factors
for
HIV-1
infection
among
pregnant
women
in
French
Guiana

Angiogenesis
in
inflammatory
disease

Epidemiology
and
association
with
extra-gastrointestinal
diseases

Extra-gastrointestinal
diseases
and
Helicobacter
pylori

Diagnosis

Uptake
on
Helicobacter
pylori
research

Pathogenesis
and
host
response

Update
on
Helicobacter
pylori
research

Malignancies

Update
on
Helicobacter
pylori
research

Dyspepsia

Update
on
Helicobacter
pylori
research

Eradication

Sequence
analysis
of
the
36-kb
region
between
gntZ
and
trnY
genes
of
Bacillus
subtilis
genome

A
review
of
interferon
immunogenicity

Based
on
a
roundtable
workshop
held
in
London
,
United
Kingdom
,
9
February
1996

Inositol
treatment
of
autism

Current
progress
in
early
pregnancy
investigation

Truncated-gene
reporter
system
for
studying
the
regulation
of
manganese
peroxidase
expression

Disparate
sequence
characteristics
of
the
Erysiphe
graminis
f.sp

hordei
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
dehydrogenase
gene

Proceedings
of
a
conference

Washington
,
DC
,
USA

Proceedings
of
the
10th
International
Symposium
on
the
Pharmacology
of
Thermoregulation

Memphis
,
Tennessee
,
USA

Proceedings
of
a
conference

Breckenridge
,
Colorado
,
USA

February
3-6
,
1996

Receptor
Classification
:
The
Integration
of
Operational
,
Structural
,
and
Transductional
Information

Proceedings
of
a
conference

Verona
,
Italy
,
September
21-22
,
1995

Proceedings
of
a
conference

New
York
,
New
York
,
USA

September
7-10
,
1996

Adolescent
Gynecology
and
Endocrinology
:
Basic
and
Clinical
Aspects

Athens
,
Greece
,
December
6-9
,
1995

Proceedings
of
the
3rd
International
Conference
on
Neuroprotective
Agents
:
Clinical
and
Experimental
Aspects

Lake
Como
,
Italy
,
September
9-12
,
1996

Exon/intron
structure
of
the
human
AF-4
gene
,
a
member
of
the
AF-4/LAF-4/FMR-2
gene
family
coding
for
a
nuclear
protein
with
structural
alterations
in
acute
leukaemia

Cloning
and
characterization
of
a
neural
cell
recognition
molecule
on
axons
of
the
retinotectal
system
and
spinal
cord

Identification
,
localization
,
and
expression
of
two
novel
human
genes
similar
to
deoxyribonuclease
I
.

Drug
resistance
during
indinavir
therapy
is
caused
by
mutations
in
the
protease
gene
and
in
its
Gag
substrate
cleavage
sites

A
protein
with
a
novel
calcium-binding
domain
associated
with
calcareous
corpuscles
in
Echinococcus
granulosus

Meis2
,
a
novel
mouse
Pbx-related
homeobox
gene
induced
by
retinoic
acid
during
differentiation
of
P19
embryonal
carcinoma
cells

Mar
del
Plata
,
Argentina
,
August
26-30
,
1996

Targeted
development
of
microsatellite
markers
from
the
defined
region
of
bovine
chromosome
6q21-31

Genetic
population
structure
in
the
yellow
mongoose
,
Cynictis
penicillata

ETTIN
patterns
the
Arabidopsis
floral
meristem
and
reproductive
organs

Ancient
DNA
from
amber
fossil
bees
?

The
histone
H1
genes
of
the
dipteran
insect
,
Chironomus
thummi
,
fall
under
two
divergent
classes
and
encode
proteins
with
distinct
intranuclear
distribution
and
potentially
different
functions

Characterization
of
the
orf31-petG
gene
cluster
from
the
plastid
genome
of
Populus
deltoides

Xenopus
Pax-2
displays
multiple
splice
forms
during
embryogenesis
and
pronephric
kidney
development

International
Workshop
on
Bone
Research
in
Space

Tokyo
,
Japan
,
November
11-13
,
1996

Abstracts

3rd
Congress
of
the
French
Society
of
Blood
Transfusion

Marseille
,
France
,
28-30
April
1998

Central
and
East
European
Regional
INTERASMA
Conference

Budapest
,
Hungary
,
August
24-27
,
1997

Summary
of
symposium
,
antisense
oligonucleotides
:
strategies
and
successes

Sarasota
,
Florida
,
USA

April
21
,
1995

Proceedings
of
the
6th
Congress
of
the
SociÃ
(
c
)
tÃ
(
c
)
de
Pharmaco-Toxicologie
Cellulaire
and
the
SociÃ
(
c
)
tÃ
(
c
)
Française
de
Toxicologie
GÃ
(
c
)
nÃ
(
c
)
tique

The
Italian
Association
for
the
Study
of
Glaucoma

Proceedings
of
the
12th
annual
general
meeting

Rapallo
,
Italy
,
14-15
March
1997

Report
of
the
61st
National
Scientific
Meeting
of
the
American
College
of
Rheumatology
,
Washington
DC
,
8-12
November
1997

Topical
dictionary

USAN
Council

List
No

404

New
names

Nagrestipen

Joint
annual
session
of
the
North
German
Society
of
Radiology
and
the
Radiology
Society
of
Lower
Saxony
and
Sachsen
Anhalt

Kiel
,
20-21
February
1998

Abstracts

Cologne
,
Germany
,
March
14-15
,
1998

Abstracts

Neuroimmunomodulation
:
Molecular
Aspects
,
Integrative
Systems
,
and
Clinical
Advances

Proceedings
of
the
3rd
Congress
of
the
International
Society
of
NeuroImmunoModulation
(
ISNIM
)

8th
European
Meeting
on
Dysmorphology

Strasbourg
,
France
,
3-6
September
1997

Abstracts

EU
Working
Group
on
Tobacco
and
Oral
Health
Consensus
Meeting

Presentations
from
the
2nd
NIH
Symposium
on
Therapeutic
Oligonucleotides
:
Targeting
Transcription
Factors
and
Signaling
Pathways

17th
European
Workshop
on
the
Cell
Biology
of
Phagocytes

Catania
,
Italy
,
May
27-31
,
1998

Abstracts

Onset
of
the
preovulatory
luteinizing
hormone
surge
:
diurnal
timing
and
critical
follicular
prerequisites

Municipal
animal
control
ordinances
--
some
legal
issues

Psychosexual
care
in
a
multi-ethnic
society

Brandon/Hill
selected
list
of
nursing
books
and
journals

Retraction

The
TSG101
tumor
susceptibility
gene
is
located
in
chromosome
11
band
p15
and
is
mutated
in
human
breast
cancer

An
omission

Indoor
pollution
and
health

Dioxins
:
current
knowledge
about
health
effects

Influence
of
environmental
factors
on
fertility
:
example
of
the
diminution
of
sperm
quality

Correct
use
of
serotonin
agonists
in
migraine
:
oral
or
injectable
form
?

Overtraining
and
recovery

A
conceptual
model

Saliva
composition
and
exercise

Lipid
metabolism
during
exercise

An
overview

Prevention
of
ankle
injuries

Academic
medicine
--
alternative
medicine
from
the
viewpoint
of
public
health
public
health
directors

The
academic
medicine
--
alternative
medicine
tension
field

Are
academic
medicine-alternative
medicine
incompatible
,
compatible
,
complementary
?

Research
in
complementary
medicine
:
results
and
problems

Factor
VII
deficiency

Mononucleosis
infectiosa
(
Epstein-Barr
virus
infection

Surgical
aspects
in
the
multidisciplinary
treatment
of
soft
tissue
sarcomas

Surgical
management
of
soft
tissue
sarcomas
:
principles
of
resection
and
reconstructive
plastic
procedures

Adjuvant
chemotherapy
in
early
soft
tissue
sarcoma
and
palliative
chemotherapy
in
advanced
soft
tissue
sarcoma
in
adults

Spinal
muscular
atrophy
:
where
are
we
in
1998
?

Diseases
transmitted
by
non-conventional
agents
(
``
prions
''
)
:
nosology
and
diagnosis

A
note
on
the
epidemiology
of
Creutzfeldt-Jakob
syndrome

Biology
of
non-conventional
transmissible
agents
or
prions

Cerebral
hemosiderosis
related
to
hereditary
ceruloplasmin
deficiency

Clinical
familial
case
study

Two
cases

Epidural
and
intramedullary
abscess
of
acute
onset

Cytokines
and
peripheral
neuropathies

Clinical
diagnosis
of
frontotemporal
dementia

Study
of
cortical
atrophy
with
magnetic
resonance
imaging
in
corticobasal
degeneration

Autosomal
dominant
nocturnal
frontal
lobe
epilepsy

Eosinophilic
meningitis
due
to
Angiostrongylus
cantonensis

Case
of
superficial
hemosiderosis
of
the
central
nervous
system
treated
with
trientine

Germinal
tumor
metastases

Case
report

Bradycardia
:
an
unrecognized
complication
of
some
epileptic
crises

Pneumosinus
dilatans
:
a
little-known
diagnostic
tool

Current
status
of
mitochondrial
diseases

Vascular
Parkinson
syndromes
:
a
controversial
concept

Epilepsy
and
psychiatric
disorders
:
epidemiological
data

An
electrophysiology
study

Zinc
gluconate
lozenges
for
treating
the
common
cold

Body
weight
and
mortality
among
women

Survey
and
assessment
of
the
actual
state
of
routine
measurement
of
glycohaemoglobin/GHb
by
commercial
methods
:
warning
to
the
users
and
the
providers

The
radiological
investigation
of
suspected
lower
limb
deep
vein
thrombosis

p53
mutations
in
BRCA1-associated
familial
breast
cancer

Metronidazole
(
Flagyl
)

The
Preterm
Prediction
Study
:
association
of
cesarean
delivery
with
increases
in
maternal
weight
and
body
mass
index

Controversies
in
hydrating
the
terminally
ill
patient

Frequency
and
significance
of
antinuclear
antibodies
in
multiple
sclerosis

Magnetic
resonance
imaging
of
the
bone
marrow
in
hematologic
malignancies

A
major
non-LTR
retrotransposon
of
Bombyx
mori
,
L1Bm

Structure
and
function
of
the
long
terminal
repeats
of
feline
leukemia
viruses
derived
from
naturally
occurring
acute
myeloid
leukemias
in
cats

Use
of
protein-C
concentrate
,
heparin
,
and
haemodiafiltration
in
meningococcus-induced
purpura
fulminans

Dose-dependent
effects
of
recombinant
human
interleukin-6
on
glucose
regulation

Genomic
sequence
of
a
Lyme
disease
spirochaete
,
Borrelia
burgdorferi

Interaction
between
electronic
article
surveillance
systems
and
implantable
defibrillators
:
insights
from
a
fourth
generation
ICD

Proposals
for
action
by
individuals
and
the
Catholic
Church

Invited
commentary
:
le
mystère
de
MontrÃ
(
c
)
al
.

Why
Oedipus
and
not
Christ
?
:
a
psychoanalytic
inquiry
into
innocence
,
human
sacrifice
,
and
the
sacred
--
Part
I
:
Innocence
,
spirituality
,
and
human
sacrifice

Equine
dinucleotide
repeat
loci
LEX049-LEX063

Molecular
systematics
of
tanagers
(
Thraupinae
)
:
evolution
and
biogeography
of
a
diverse
radiation
of
neotropical
birds

Expression
of
cytokeratin
20
in
urinary
cytology
of
patients
with
bladder
carcinoma

A
family
of
highly
repetitive
DNAs
from
``
ginbuna
''
(
Carassius
auratus
langsdorfi
)
genome
common
to
Carassius
auratus
populations

Characterization
of
cDNA
clones
in
size-fractionated
cDNA
libraries
from
human
brain

<
TO_SEE
>
Respiratory
arrest
following
peribulbar
anesthesia
for
cataract
surgery
:
case
report
and
review
of
the
literature

Mouse
LIM-kinase
2
gene
:
cDNA
cloning
,
genomic
organization
,
and
tissue-specific
expression
of
two
alternatively
initiated
transcripts

Does
this
patient
have
a
mole
or
a
melanoma
?

Methotrexate
and
trimethoprim
:
a
fatal
interaction

Pellagra
and
the
origin
of
a
myth
:
evidence
from
European
literature
and
folklore

Undergraduate
orthodontic
education
:
what
should
we
teach
rather
than
what
can
we
teach
?

Genetic
variation
in
the
dimorphic
regions
of
RAP-1
genes
and
rap-1
loci
of
Babesia
bigemina

History
--
a
living
museum

Gastric
site
of
epidermoid
carcinoma

Hypodermic
needles
in
the
neuropathic
foot
of
a
patient
with
diabetes

Helicobacter
pylori
--
more
light
,
less
heat

A
national
survey
of
physician-assisted
suicide
and
euthanasia
in
the
United
States

Death
is
a
journey
to
be
undertaken

Replicated
declines
in
assault
rates
after
implementation
of
the
Assaulted
Staff
Action
Program

Positive
patch
test
to
cocamidopropyl
betaine
in
a
hairdresser

Management
of
dyslipidemia
in
adults
with
diabetes

Acute
diverticulitis

Investigation
of
the
yeast
mitochondrial
unselective
channel
in
intact
and
permeabilized
spheroplasts

Acute
sciatica
with
an
infective
cause

An
ecologic
analysis
of
psychosocial
stress
and
heart
disease
in
British
Columbia

Human
leukocyte
antigen
frequencies
in
a
selected
group
of
Lebanese
Greek
Orthodox

Alcohol
and
the
heart

Spontaneous
ovarian
hyperstimulation
syndrome
with
pregnancy

A
survey
of
the
attitudes
of
chronic
psychiatric
patients
living
in
the
community
toward
their
medication

Alterations
in
the
developing
immune
system
of
the
F344
rat
after
perinatal
exposure
to
2
,
3
,
7
,
8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
:
II

Effects
on
the
pup
and
the
adult

Renal
ultrasonography
:
a
procedure
for
nephrologists

Use
of
cisapride
in
treatment
of
constipation
in
children

Medical
devices
and
the
year
2000
problem

Internists
'
and
surgeons
'
attitudes
toward
guns
and
firearm
injury
prevention

Firearm
injury
prevention

Death
rates
of
characters
in
soap
operas
on
British
television
:
is
a
government
health
warning
required
?

Child
sexual
abuse
:
when
a
doctor
's
duty
to
report
abuse
conflicts
with
a
duty
of
confidentiality
to
the
victim

Multicenter
study
of
surfactant
(
beractant
)
use
in
the
treatment
of
term
infants
with
severe
respiratory
failure

Survanta
in
Term
Infants
Study
Group

Consultation
section

Cataract
surgical
problem

Changing
the
law
on
decision
making
for
mentally
incapacitated
adults

The
coding
audit

Challenges
to
Native
American
health
care

Federal
programs
and
Indian
country
:
a
time
for
reinvention

Big
city
health

College-age
drinking
problems

Using
YPLL
in
health
planning

Laying
the
foundation
for
Healthy
People
2010

The
first
year
of
consultation

Factors
involved
in
the
rate
of
fall
of
thyroid
stimulating
hormone
in
treated
hypothyroidism

Case
complexity

Imaging
pulmonary
embolism

Inpatient
rehabilitation
after
total
joint
replacement

Delayed
healing
of
rhytidectomy
flap
resurfaced
with
CO2
laser

The
SAPHO
syndrome
:
an
evolving
concept
for
unifying
several
idiopathic
disorders
of
bone
and
skin

Beverage
use
and
risk
for
kidney
stones
in
women

Use
of
a
Foley
catheter
in
the
removal
of
a
substernal
goiter

Early
identification
of
variant
Creutzfeldt-Jakob
disease

Re
:
Intermediate
term
assessment
of
the
reliability
,
function
and
patient
satisfaction
with
the
AMS700
ultrex
penile
prosthesis

Resolution
of
recalcitrant
molluscum
contagiosum
virus
lesions
in
human
immunodeficiency
virus-infected
patients
treated
with
cidofovir

``
Pull
''
or
``
push
''
PEG
:
the
reinsertion
of
the
gastroscope
is
often
unnecessary

Clear
cell
papulosis
:
case
report
and
literature
review

Malignant
melanoma
in
situ
:
an
oxymoron
whose
time
has
come

External
beam
radiation
therapy
for
choroidal
neovascularization

Somatic
mesoderm
differentiation
and
the
development
of
a
subset
of
pericardial
cells
depend
on
the
not
enough
muscles
(
nem
)
locus
,
which
contains
the
inscuteable
gene
and
the
intron
located
gene
,
skittles

Hemodynamic
effects
of
acute
tetrandrine
and
terlipressin
administration
on
portal
hypertensive
rats

Isolated
internal
ophthalmoplegia
associated
with
IgG
anti-GQ1b
antibody

Bolus
thrombolytic
infusions
during
CPR
for
patients
with
refractory
arrest
rhythms
:
outcome
of
a
case
series

Enthesopathy
in
a
case
of
primary
biliary
cirrhosis
with
positive
HLA-B27

Hyponatremia
with
venlafaxine
.

Use
of
a
nerve
stimulator
for
phrenic
nerve
block
in
treatment
of
hiccups

Micronutrients
and
human
cancer
risks
--
prospects
for
prevention

Joint
International
Symposium
of
the
Danish
Cancer
Society
,
European
Cancer
Prevention
Organization
and
National
Food
Agency
of
Denmark

Aarhus
,
Denmark
,
21-24
May
1997

Income
inequality
and
population
health

Naloxone
-precipitated
acute
opioid
withdrawal
syndrome
after
epidural
morphine

Idiopathic
atrial
flutter

Munchausen
's
syndrome

New
drug
treatment
for
Alzheimer
's
disease
:
lessons
for
healthcare
policy

Development
of
neurosurgery
in
Greece
:
past
,
present
,
and
future

Intravascular-catheter-related
infections

Mass
population
skin
cancer
screening
is
not
worthwhile

Comparison
of
two
methods
in
657
newborns

Inferences
from
symphysiotomy
experience

1995
coronary
artery
bypass
risk
model
:
The
Society
of
Thoracic
Surgeons
Adult
Cardiac
National
Database

Informed
consent
:
edging
forwards
(
and
backwards
)

US-guided
puncture
of
the
internal
jugular
vein
:
complications
and
anatomic
considerations

Mouth
care
and
skin
care
in
palliative
medicine

Simple
antiseptic
mouthwashes
are
best
for
infection

The
effect
of
melatonin
administration
on
ethanol-induced
lipid
peroxidation
in
rats

A
comparison
of
aspirin
plus
tirofiban
with
aspirin
plus
heparin
for
unstable
angina

Platelet
Receptor
Inhibition
in
Ischemic
Syndrome
Management
(
PRISM
)
Study
Investigators

Interview
by
Mike
Grace

Effect
of
continuous
spinal
remifentanil
infusion
on
behaviour
and
spinal
glutamate
release
evoked
by
subcutaneous
formalin
in
the
rat

How
long
should
suction
drains
stay
in
after
breast
surgery
with
axillary
dissection
?

Physicians
disciplined
for
sex-related
offenses

Something
from
nothing
:
the
evolution
and
utility
of
satellite
repeats

Chemotherapy
alone
compared
with
chemotherapy
plus
radiotherapy
for
localized
intermediate-
and
high-grade
non-Hodgkin
's
lymphoma

HIV
vaccines
:
prospects
and
challenges

Occupation
:
the
keystone
of
a
curriculum
for
a
self-defined
profession

Touch
sensibility
in
the
breast
after
subcutaneous
mastectomy
and
immediate
reconstruction
with
a
prosthesis

Iatrogenic
ruptures
of
the
tracheobronchial
tree

Endoscopic
hemostasis
of
bleeding
duodenal
ulcer
in
a
child
with
Henoch-Schönlein
purpura

Classification
of
primary
gastric
lymphomas
according
to
histologic
features

SCIM
--
spinal
cord
independence
measure
:
a
new
disability
scale
for
patients
with
spinal
cord
lesions

Molecular
analysis
of
cellulose
biosynthesis
in
Arabidopsis

Users
'
guides
to
the
medical
literature
:
XIV

Evidence-Based
Medicine
Working
Group

Hemispheric
difference
in
human
skin
color

Limitations
of
diagnostic
criteria
and
assessment
instruments
for
mental
disorders

Implications
for
research
and
policy

Albumin
synthesis
rates
are
not
decreased
in
hypoalbuminemic
cachectic
cancer
patients
with
an
ongoing
acute-phase
protein
response

Brain-gut
axis
in
health
and
disease

Pins
and
Rubbers
Traction
System

Voluntary
death
:
a
comparison
of
terminal
dehydration
and
physician-assisted
suicide

Anterior
glenohumeral
dislocations
:
what
to
do
and
how
to
do
it

Relationship
between
topotecan
systemic
exposure
and
tumor
response
in
human
neuroblastoma
xenografts

Cerebral
infarct
following
central
venous
cannulation

Heavy
caffeine
intake
in
pregnancy
and
sudden
infant
death
syndrome

New
Zealand
Cot
Death
Study
Group

Treatment
of
renal
failure
in
idiopathic
membranous
nephropathy
with
azathioprine
and
prednisolone

Building-associated
pulmonary
disease
from
exposure
to
Stachybotrys
chartarum
and
Aspergillus
versicolor

Interleukin-8
participates
in
angiogenesis
in
non-small
cell
,
but
not
small
cell
carcinoma
of
the
lung

Antenatal
indomethacin
--
adverse
fetal
effects
confirmed

The
persistent
vegetative
state
after
closed
head
injury
:
clinical
and
magnetic
resonance
imaging
findings
in
42
patients

Wegener
's
granulomatosis
of
the
head
and
neck

Chromosomal
abnormalities
of
a
new
nasopharyngeal
carcinoma
cell
line
(
NPC-BM1
)
derived
from
a
bone
marrow
metastatic
lesion

Relation
between
intellectual
dysfunctioning
and
mortality
in
community-residing
older
people

Anxiety
and
autonomic
flexibility
:
a
cardiovascular
approach

Cross-reactivity
of
specific
antibodies
directed
to
heat
shock
proteins
from
periodontopathogenic
bacteria
and
of
human
origin
(
corrected
)

Immunogenicity
of
hepatitis
B
vaccine
in
term
and
preterm
infants

Magnetic
resonance
imaging
in
focal
myositis

Concomitant
alveolitis
and
asthma
following
exposure
to
triphenylmethane
triisocyanate

137

138

Online

139

Online

Mutations
in
brief
no

140

Online

Missense
mutation
in
exon
11
(
Codon
378
)
of
the
presenilin-1
gene
in
a
French
family
with
early-onset
Alzheimer
's
disease
and
transmission
study
by
mismatch
enhanced
allele
specific
amplification

141

Online

besancon
@
rockefeller1.univ.lyon1.fr

Mutation
sharing
,
predominant
involvement
of
the
MLH1
gene
and
description
of
four
novel
mutations
in
hereditary
nonpolyposis
colorectal
cancer

Mutations
in
brief
no

144

Online

Application
to
prenatal
diagnosis

Mutations
in
brief
no

Online

Novel
acceptor
splice
site
mutation
in
the
invariant
AG
of
intron
6
of
alpha-galactosidase
A
gene
,
causing
Fabry
disease

Mutations
in
brief
no

Meta-analysis
of
trials
comparing
antidepressants
with
active
placebos

Evidence-based
guidelines
for
universal
counselling
and
offering
of
HIV
testing
in
pregnancy
in
Canada

Chelation
therapy
for
peripheral
arterial
occlusive
disease
:
a
systematic
review

<
TO_SEE
>
Sodium
channel
block
with
mexiletine
is
effective
in
reducing
dispersion
of
repolarization
and
preventing
torsade
des
pointes
in
LQT2
and
LQT3
models
of
the
long-QT
syndrome

Simultaneous
microsurgical
vasal
reconstruction
and
varicocele
ligation
:
safety
profile
and
outcomes

A
predetermined
design
for
easier
aesthetic
abdominoplasty

Serum
urate
during
bouts
of
acute
gouty
arthritis

Isolated
axial
lateral
pulse
as
a
sign
of
latero-bulbar
ischemia
:
clinical
topographic
correlation

Endoscopic
ultrasound
miniprobe-guided
steroid
injection
for
treatment
of
refractory
esophageal
strictures

Purification
and
characterization
of
an
acetyl
xylan
esterase
from
Bacillus
pumilus

Renal
trauma
and
the
risk
of
long-term
complications
in
shock
wave
lithotripsy

Current
management
of
corneal
abrasions
:
evidence
based
practice
?

Chromosome
22qII
deletions

An
under-recognised
cause
of
idiopathic
learning
disability

Serial
magnetic
resonance
imaging
findings
for
a
spontaneously
resolving
spinal
subdural
hematoma
:
case
report

Cancer
risk
in
the
rubber
industry
:
a
review
of
the
recent
epidemiological
evidence

HIV
treatment
strategies
:
planning
for
the
long
term

The
project
of
a
national
control
program
for
tuberculosis
in
Spain

Decrease
in
antibiotic
susceptibility
or
increase
in
resistance
?

The
AIDS
Study
Group
of
the
Spanish
Society
of
Infectious
Diseases
and
Clinical
Microbiology

Requirements
for
training
to
ensure
competence
of
endoscopists
performing
invasive
procedures
in
children

Lonomia
obliqua
caterpillar
spicules
trigger
human
blood
coagulation
via
activation
of
factor
X
and
prothrombin

Successful
replantation
of
an
amputated
tongue

Morbidity
and
healthcare
utilisation
of
children
in
households
with
one
adult
:
comparative
observational
study

A
novel
frameshift
mutation
840delA
and
a
novel
polymorphism
D203A
in
the
steroidogenic
acute
regulatory
protein
gene
in
a
Japanese
patient
with
congenital
lipoid
adrenal
hyperplasia

Mutations
in
brief
no

117

Online

Identification
of
five
new
mutations
and
three
novel
polymorphisms
in
the
muscle
chloride
channel
gene
(
CLCN1
)
in
20
Italian
patients
with
dominant
and
recessive
myotonia
congenita

Mutations
in
brief
no

118

Mutations
in
brief
no

119

Mutations
in
brief
no

120

Online

Mutations
in
brief
no

A
novel
missense
mutation
Ile538Val
in
the
fibroblast
growth
factor
receptor
3
in
hypochondroplasia

Online

Detection
of
four
novel
mutations
in
the
iduronate-2-sulfatase
gene

Mutations
in
brief
no

123

Online

Polymorphisms
in
the
coding
exons
of
the
human
luteinizing
hormone
receptor
gene

Mutations
in
brief
no

124

Online

Independent
occurrence
of
the
novel
Arg2163
to
His
mutation
in
the
factor
VIII
gene
in
three
unrelated
families
with
haemophila
A
with
different
phenotypes

Mutations
in
brief
no

126

Online

Are
Japanese
researchers
exploiting
Thai
HIV
patients
?

Underutilization
of
aspirin
in
older
patients
with
prior
myocardial
infarction
at
the
time
of
admission
to
a
nursing
home
.

Distinguishing
silent
lacunar
infarction
from
enlarged
Virchow-Robin
spaces
:
a
magnetic
resonance
imaging
and
pathological
study

Correlation
is
not
causation

Inhalation
of
ammonium
nitrate
fuel
oil
explosive
(
ANFO
)

Management
of
polycythaemia
in
adults
with
cyanotic
congenital
heart
disease

Bolstering
Sisyphus

Role
of
a
p53
polymorphism
in
the
development
of
human
papillomavirus-associated
cancer

The
use
of
nurses
in
alternative
dispute
resolution

Physician
heal
thyself
:
are
antibiotics
the
cure
or
the
disease
?

Primary
biliary
cirrhosis

Ventilatory
responses
to
acute
and
sustained
hypoxia
during
isoflurane
anesthesia

Leprosy
type
1
reaction
as
the
first
manifestation
of
borderline
lepromatous
leprosy
in
a
young
native
German

Receptive
properties
of
primary
afferent
fibres
from
rabbit
pleura
,
in
vitro

Congenital
anomalies
of
tracheobronchial
branching
patterns
:
spiral
CT
aspects
in
adults

American
Heart
Association
urges
caution
on
new
diet
drug

Absence
of
renal
and
hepatic
toxicity
after
four
hours
of
1.25
minimum
alveolar
anesthetic
concentration
sevoflurane
anesthesia
in
volunteers

Linear
lichen
planopilaris
of
the
face

Electrolyte
abnormalities
in
patients
with
chronic
renal
failure
receiving
parenteral
nutrition

The
psychological
profiles
of
patients
with
whiplash-associated
headache

<
TO_SEE
>
Fatal
spontaneous
spinal
epidural
hematoma
following
thrombolysis
for
myocardial
infarction

Bifid
T
waves
induced
by
isoprenaline
in
a
patient
with
Brugada
syndrome
.

Quo
vadis
``
suprema
lex
''
?

Death
in
springtime

Clinical
management
and
treatment
outcomes
of
Merkel
cell
carcinoma

Large
airway
disease
associated
with
inflammatory
bowel
disease

Autonomy
in
the
face
of
a
devastating
diagnosis

Advanced
practice
nursing
:
is
the
physician
's
assistant
an
accident
of
history
or
a
failure
to
act
?

Teaching
irritable
bowel
syndrome
patients
to
care
for
themselves

Nonanesthetic
volatile
drugs
obey
the
Meyer-Overton
correlation
in
two
molecular
protein
site
models

Inhaled
sodium
cromoglycate
in
young
children
with
moderate
asthma

Directly
observed
therapy
and
treatment
completion
for
tuberculosis
in
the
United
States
:
is
universal
supervised
therapy
necessary
?

Investigation
of
antibiotic
prophylaxis
usage
for
vascular
and
nonvascular
interventional
procedures

Effect
of
protein
kinase
C
inhibitors
on
cardioprotection
by
ischemic
preconditioning
depends
on
the
number
of
preconditioning
episodes

Filter
paper
blood
spot
assay
of
human
insulin-like
growth
factor
I
(
IGF-I
)
and
IGF-binding
protein-3
and
preliminary
application
in
the
evaluation
of
growth
hormone
status

Effect
of
iodixanol
on
renal
function
immediately
after
abdominal
angiography
.

Is
prevaccination
screening
for
hepatitis
B
among
sexually
active
adolescents
cost-effective
?

1
:
Antiepileptic
drugs

Normoxic
cardiopulmonary
bypass
reduces
oxidative
myocardial
damage
and
nitric
oxide
during
cardiac
operations
in
the
adult

A
multidimensional
study
of
preference
judgements
for
excerpts
of
music

Extending
the
benefits
of
breast
cancer
screening

Rhabdomyolysis
and
carbon
monoxide
poisoning

Effect
of
dental
treatment
on
the
lung
function
of
children
with
asthma
.

induction
chemotherapy
(
cisplatin
+
vinorelbine
)
is
found
to
be
markedly
effective
for
squamous
cell
lung
carcinoma
with
sarcoidosis
--
a
case
report

<
TO_SEE
>
in
conclusion
,
3d
computer-assisted
analysis
of
the
internal
structure
of
small
pulmonary
nodules
using
contrast-enhanced
dh-ct
was
found
to
be
effective
for
differentiating
between
benign
and
malignant
nodules

the
patient
was
a
62-year-old
man
with
squamous
cell
lung
cancer
,
which
was
first
successfully
treated
by
a
combination
of
radiation
therapy
and
chemotherapy
,
but
showed
local
recurrence
after
8
months

the
combination
of
txt
,
gem
and
cddp
may
be
effective
for
recurrent
non-small-cell
lung
carcinoma
,
even
in
patients
that
have
failed
to
respond
to
more
than
one
chemotherapy
regimen

the
aim
of
the
current
study
was
to
compare
the
objective
response
and
survival
rates
of
patients
with
mrcc
treated
with
il-2
administered
either
systemically
(
syst
,
subcutaneously
)
or
via
inhalation
(
inh
)
,
using
relatively
large
sample
sizes
to
afford
a
more
meaningful
comparison

carboplatin
and
ifosfamide
performed
well
and
safe
,
in
the
treatment
of
non-bulky
metastatic
seminoma

we
further
developed
a
vaccine
model
based
on
s.c.injection
of
infected
,
irradiated
rm-9
cells
and
found
that
both
admil-12
and
admil-12/b7
are
effective
at
suppressing
the
development
and
growth
of
challenge
orthotopic
tumors
using
this
protocol

despite
the
marked
toxicity
of
the
initial
intensive
chemotherapy
,
the
treatments
are
tolerable
and
effective
in
the
control
of
extra-thoracic
micrometastases
,
whereas
they
are
less
effective
for
thoracic
primary
tumor

radiotherapy
is
effective
for
palliation
of
symptoms
associated
with
sblc

a
phase
ii
study
of
fractionated
administration
of
irinotecan
(
cpt-11
)
and
cisplatin
(
cddp
)
in
patients
with
non-small-cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)
was
conducted

we
report
the
use
of
paclitaxel
in
the
successful
treatment
of
a
patient
with
recurrent
adenocarcinoma
of
the
cervix

conclusion
:
our
results
suggest
that
pseudoephedrine
plus
acetaminophen
is
effective
for
relief
of
symptoms
attributable
to
the
paranasal
sinuses
that
may
develop
early
in
the
course
of
a
cold

the
available
inactivated
vaccine
is
effective
for
preventing
influenza
and
the
serious
disease
and
death
that
can
accompany
it

<
TO_SEE
>
amantadine
,
rimantadine
,
and
the
newly
available
drugs
zanamivir
and
oseltamivir
are
effective
for
influenza
prevention
and
treatment
(
the
former
two
for
influenza
a
only
)

<
TO_SEE
>
thus
influenza
vaccination
is
effective
for
preventing
influenza
disease
in
persons
aged
65
years
and
over
,
and
should
be
an
integral
part
of
the
care
of
this
population
residing
in
nursing
homes

intravenous
injection
of
pb2-as
,
as
a
complex
with
dmrie-c
,
a
cationic
liposome
,
was
most
effective
for
prolonging
the
mean
survival
time
in
days
(
msds
)
and
increasing
the
survival
rates
of
mice
infected
with
the
influenza
a
virus

other
blocks
such
as
interpleural
and
epidural
can
be
effectively
used
in
pleuritic
pain

conclusion
:
mr-guided
rfa
using
single
cooled
tip
electrodes
is
safe
and
technically
effective
for
treatment
of
hepatic
neoplasms
up
to
3
cm
in
size
,
however
further
improvements
are
necessary

a
68-year-old
man
underwent
curative
pancreaticoduodenectomy
for
bile
duct
cancer

corticosteroids
can
be
considered
for
cases
of
drug-induced
hepatitis
,
especially
those
with
evidence
of
immune
hypersensitivity
,
if
no
improvement
is
seen
in
8
to
12
weeks

our
conclusion
was
that
the
covered-ems
can
be
effective
for
the
palliation
of
esophagorespiratory
fistulas

the
food
and
drug
administration
(
fda
)
recently
approved
the
first
protein-polysaccharide
conjugate
vaccine
to
prevent
invasive
pneumococcal
diseases
in
infants
and
toddlers
<
2
years
of
age

this
conjugated
vaccine
against
pneumococcus
uses
the
same
technology
as
the
successful
vaccine
against
haemophilus
influenzae
type
b

the
most
recent
study
,
involving
over
37
,
000
young
children
,
also
evaluated
the
vaccine
's
efficacy
,
and
reported
that
the
vaccine
is
highly
effective
in
preventing
invasive
disease
and
has
had
an
impact
on
otitis
media

conclusions
:
the
heptavalent
pneumococcal
conjugate
vaccine
is
safe
and
highly
effective
in
preventing
pneumococcal
meningitis
and
bacteremic
pneumonia
in
young
children
<
2
years
of
age
;
it
is
less
effective
in
preventing
otitis
media

based
on
the
results
of
three
well-designed
studies
demonstrating
the
vaccine
's
safety
,
immunogenicity
,
and
efficacy
,
the
vaccine
is
safe
and
effective
for
active
immunization
of
children
<
2
years
of
age
against
invasive
disease
caused
by
seven
streptococcus
pneumoniae
serotypes
included
in
the
vaccine

<
TO_SEE
>
i
concluded
that
6-month
regimen
containing
pyrazinamide
was
effective
for
the
patients
with
isoniazid-rifampicin
susceptible
tuberculosis
patients
except
the
patients
complicated
with
diabetes
mellitus

only
the
combination
of
a
cell
wall-active
antibiotic
to
which
the
enterococcus
is
susceptible
(
ie
,
certain
beta-lactams
or
vancomycin
)
plus
an
aminoglycoside
(
ie
,
gentamicin
or
streptomycin
)
is
bactericidal
,
and
is
required
for
cure
of
endocarditis
,
meningitis
and
probably
infection
in
neutropenic
patients
;
bacteriostatic
activity
is
sufficient
to
treat
most
other
infections

cyclophosphamide
therapy
is
effective
for
bronchiolitis
obliterans
occurring
as
a
late
manifestation
of
lupus
erythematosus
(
letter
)

in
summary
,
gemifloxacin
was
found
to
be
well
tolerated
and
effective
for
the
treatment
of
aecb
,
suggesting
it
is
well
suited
for
empirical
treatment
of
this
common
respiratory
condition
in
the
current
clinical
environment

d-penicillamine
(
2-amino-3-mercapto-3-methylbutanoic
acid
)
,
a
well-known
heavy
metal
chelator
,
is
the
drug
of
choice
in
the
treatment
of
wilson
's
disease
and
is
also
effective
for
the
treatment
of
several
disorders
including
rheumatoid
arthritis
,
primary
biliary
cirrhosis
,
scleroderma
,
fibrotic
lung
diseases
and
progressive
systemic
sclerosis

stages
of
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)
that
are
potential
candidates
for
surgical
resection
have
been
treated
in
several
ways
:
surgery
alone
is
curative
in
only
two-thirds
of
cases
and
post-operative
radiotherapy
(
rt
)
provides
only
weak
control
of
advanced-stage
disease

among
these
,
the
gemcitabine/cisplatin
study
protocol
(
gc
)
,
set
up
in
a
phase
ii
study
for
patients
with
stage
iiia
n2
nsclc
,
was
very
effective
(
objective
response
(
or
)
:
70.2
%
;
median
survival
:
19
months
)
and
should
be
promising
for
stages
ib
and
ii

several
studies
have
suggested
that
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)
patients
whose
tumors
have
neuroendocrine
(
ne
)
features
may
be
more
responsive
to
chemotherapy
in
addition
,
increased
expression
of
p53
and
her2
may
confer
relative
chemotherapy
resistance
and
shortened
survival

this
london
lung
cancer
group
trial
of
gemcitabine/carboplatin
may
define
an
active
,
safe
,
and
acceptable
treatment
for
patients
with
extensive-stage
and
poor-prognosis
small
cell
lung
cancer

gemcitabine
and
carboplatin
for
patients
with
advanced
non-small
cell
lung
cancer

an
aggressive
surgical
approach
is
justified
in
patients
with
mplc
and
offers
the
greatest
chance
for
long-term
survival
even
in
the
case
of
limited
resection

methods
and
materials
:
eleven
patients
with
small
cell
lung
cancer
(
sclc
)
,
who
had
presented
complete
response
of
disease
after
chemotherapy
and
radical
radiotherapy
in
the
lung
,
were
prescribed
to
receive
a
prophylacting
cranial
irradiation
(
pci
)
with
a
6
mev
linear
accelerator

<
TO_SEE
>
the
standard
care
for
patients
with
non-small-cell
lung
cancer
is
chemotherapy
of
supportive
care
,
with
surgery
being
reserved
for
palliation
of
symptoms
;
however
,
there
is
a
small
group
of
patients
with
a
finite
number
of
extrathoracic
metastases
(
oligometastases
)
who
may
experience
improved
survival
by
resection
of
their
metastases
and
the
primary
site
,
with
or
without
systemic
treatment

five
new
agents
,
paclitaxel
,
docetaxel
,
vinorelbine
,
gemcitabine
and
irinotecan
,
have
been
introduced
for
the
treatment
of
nsclc
and
investigated
extensively
both
preclinically
and
clinically

these
aggressive
chemotherapeutic
combinations
will
hopefully
improve
survival
and
quality
of
life
for
patients
with
advanced
nsclc

results
:
we
have
performed
60
carinal
resections
for
bronchogenic
carcinoma
:
18
isolated
carinal
resections
for
tumor
confined
to
the
carinal
or
proximal
main
stem
bronchus
;
35
carinal
pneumonectomies
;
5
carinal
plus
lobar
resections
,
and
2
carinal
resections
for
stump
recurrence
after
prior
pneumonectomy

conclusions
:
this
constitutes
one
of
the
largest
single-institution
reports
on
carinal
resection
for
bronchogenic
carcinoma
involving
the
carina

extracorporeal
photopheresis
has
evolved
as
a
possible
therapy
for
patients
with
acute
nd
chronic
lung
allograft
rejection

methods
:
we
retrospectively
reviewed
14
patients
diagnosed
with
bos
who
underwent
therapy
with
extracorporeal
photopheresis

over
the
past
twenty
years
combination
chemotherapy
has
continued
to
produce
small
survival
gains
for
patients
with
sclc

<
TO_SEE
>
purpose
:
the
benefit
of
whole-lung
irradiation
(
wli
)
for
patients
who
have
pulmonary
metastases
(
pm
)
of
ewing
sarcoma
family
tumors
(
esft
)
is
unclear

extent
of
pulmonary
involvement
at
diagnosis
,
response
of
pm
after
induction
chemotherapy
,
local
treatment
of
pm
thereafter
,
and
clinical
outcome
were
recorded

conclusions
:
the
comparable
survival
of
patients
with
poor
and
good
response
of
pm
to
induction
chemotherapy
suggests
that
wli
may
benefit
poor
responders

therefore
,
patients
with
radiation-induced
spinal
cord
injury
may
benefit
from
anticoagulant
therapy

conclusions
:
heparin
and/or
enoxaparin
may
be
considered
as
potential
treatments
for
patients
with
radiation-induced
myelopathy

<
TO_SEE
>
tracheal
stent
insertion
is
a
useful
method
for
patients
with
malignant
tracheal
stenosis

expandable
metal
stents
were
inserted
in
two
patients
with
severe
dyspnea
due
to
tracheal
stenosis
caused
by
lung
cancer
and
esophageal
cancer

thus
,
we
should
recognize
this
immanent
risk
and
perform
peri-
and
postoperative
management
for
patients
with
gh-producing
tumors

background
:
at
present
the
addition
of
thoracic
irradiation
to
combination
chemotherapy
is
a
standard
treatment
for
limited
staged
small
cell
lung
cancer

we
conducted
a
phase
ii
study
of
etoposide
(
vp-16
)
-ifosfamide-cisplatin
(
vip
)
combination
chemotherapy
plus
early
concurrent
thoracic
irradiation
for
the
patients
with
previously
untreated
limited
small
cell
lung
cancer
in
order
to
assess
if
the
treatment
modality
could
improve
the
response
rate
and
the
toxicity

methods
:
forty-four
patients
with
limited
small
cell
lung
cancer
were
treated
with
etoposide-ifosfamide-cisplatin
and
concurrent
thoracic
irradiation

in
this
study
we
analyzed
33
cases
which
underwent
complete
surgical
resection
to
assess
the
role
of
surgery
in
the
treatment
of
patients
with
n
2
nsclc

we
thereby
recommend
that
surgery
should
only
be
performed
for
those
n
2
nsclc
patients
diagnosed
as
t
1
or
t
2
with
a
classification
of
p1
or
less

inhaled
corticosteroid
therapy
is
recommended
for
patients
with
persistent
disease
,
and
careful
instruction
in
the
use
of
metered-dose
inhalers
is
particularly
important
for
the
elderly

background
:
the
role
of
surgical
staging
of
patients
with
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)
continues
to
evolve

<
TO_SEE
>
this
report
describes
our
findings
utilizing
routine
cervical
mediastinoscopy
in
the
evaluation
of
peripheral
t1
(
<
3
cm
)
lung
tumors

purpose
:
given
the
cisplatin-related
myelotoxicity
and
nonhematologic
toxicities
,
we
were
prompted
to
undertake
a
study
of
the
noncisplatin
combination
of
paclitaxel
plus
gemcitabine
to
evaluate
the
efficacy
,
tolerance
,
and
survival
of
this
combination
in
patients
with
locally
advanced
and
metastatic
non-small-cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)

methods
:
we
analyzed
34
patients
who
were
found
to
have
malignant
pleural
effusions
in
the
course
of
diagnosis
of
118
patients
enrolled
in
three
consecutive
clinical
trials
on
advanced
nsclc
assessing
combination
chemotherapy
of
cisplatin
,
ifosfamide
,
and
irinotecan
with
recombinant
human
granulocyte
colony-stimulating
factor
support

conclusions
:
both
the
response
rate
and
survival
data
in
this
retrospective
study
suggest
a
high
degree
of
activity
of
this
combination
chemotherapy
in
patients
with
malignant
pleural
effusions
from
nsclc

between
july
1992
and
december
1997
,
1799
patients
were
diagnosed
as
having
lung
cancer
in
our
hospital
and
926
patients
received
chemotherapy
and/or
thoracic
radiotherapy

the
administration
of
mitomycin
c
in
addition
to
cisplatin-based
regimens
for
patients
with
lung
cancer
should
be
carefully
considered

570
patients
with
osteosarcoma
of
the
extremities
were
treated
with
five
different
protocols
of
neoadjuvant
chemotherapy
at
rizzoli
institute
between
1983
and
1995

we
conclude
that
for
patients
with
osteosarcoma
of
the
extremities
treated
with
neoadjuvant
chemotherapy
:
(
a
)
the
pattern
of
systemic
relapse
changes
according
to
the
efficacy
of
the
protocol
of
chemotherapy
used

objectives
:
the
purpose
of
this
study
is
to
review
our
experience
with
the
spectrum
of
neuroendocrine
neoplasms
of
the
lung
with
emphasis
on
the
histopathologic
classification
and
surgical
therapy
of
each
class
of
neoplasm

patients
:
during
this
period
,
a
total
of
77
patients
underwent
lung
resection
for
the
following
neuroendocrine
neoplasms
:
typical
carcinoid
(
tc
)
,
50
patients
;
atypical
carcinoid
(
ac
)
,
5
patients
;
large
cell
neuroendocrine
carcinoma
(
lcnec
)
,
9
patients
;
mixed
large-small
cell
neuroendocrine
carcinoma
(
lsnec
)
,
4
patients
;
or
small
cell
neuroendocrine
carcinoma
(
scc
)
,
9
patients

despite
the
poor
overall
prognosis
in
high-grade
neuroendocrine
tumors
of
the
lung
,
surgery
remains
a
viable
adjunct
in
the
early
stages
of
this
disease

urpose
:
to
assess
results
with
twice-daily
high-dose
radiotherapy
(
rt
)
for
non-small-cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)

we
treated
27
nsclcm
patients
with
concomitant
daily
low-dose
cisplatin
and
radiotherapy
between
1993
and
1995

background
:
we
examined
the
complications
and
outcomes
of
placing
stents
for
both
esophageal
and
tracheobronchial
stenoses

covered
or
noncovered
metallic
stents
were
used
for
the
esophageal
stenoses
,
except
in
1
patient
treated
with
a
silicone
stent

silicone
stents
were
used
for
the
tracheobronchial
stenoses

results
:
all
patients
experienced
improvement
of
grades
of
both
dysphagia
and
respiratory
symptoms
after
stent
therapy

because
placement
of
stents
in
both
the
esophagus
and
tracheobronchus
has
a
high
risk
of
enlargement
of
the
fistula
,
a
covered
metallic
stent
is
preferable
for
esophageal
cancer
involving
the
tracheobronchus

these
data
suggest
that
her2/erbb-2
should
be
evaluated
prospectively
as
a
prognostic
indicator
and
clinical
trials
using
antibodies
that
target
this
receptor
should
be
considered
for
the
treatment
of
patients
with
osteogenic
sarcoma

objective
:
to
examine
the
effectiveness
of
ninjin
yoei
to
(
nyt
;
ren-shen-yang-rong-tang
in
chinese
medicine
;
kotaro
pharmaceutical
co.
,
ltd.
,
osaka
,
japan
)
,
one
of
the
traditional
herbal
medicines
,
against
lung
carcinoma

setting
:
the
nursing
center
himawari
design
,
patient
,
and
preparation
:
the
regular
dosage
of
nyt
(
15
g/d
)
was
prescribed
for
7
weeks
to
one
elderly
patient
with
lung
carcinoma

conclusion
:
nyt
has
a
positive
effect
on
life
expectancy
for
patients
with
malignancy

background
:
the
costs
of
videothoracoscopic
procedures
for
patients
with
lung
carcinoma
were
compared
with
those
of
patients
who
underwent
open
thoracotomy
in
japan

methods
:
the
cost
of
surgical
treatment
in
1997
and
1998
for
patients
with
resectable
primary
or
metastatic
lung
carcinoma
was
analyzed
from
itemized
statements
of
hospital
charges

for
patients
with
solitary
pulmonary
metastasis
,
the
authors
routinely
performed
thoracoscopic
partial
resection
of
the
lung

promising
chemopreventive
agents
also
are
under
investigation
currently
to
reduce
the
risk
of
lung
carcinoma
in
high
risk
populations

object
:
the
purpose
of
this
retrospective
study
was
to
compare
the
effectiveness
of
gamma
knife
radiosurgery
(
gks
)
for
multiple
cerebral
metastases
with
that
of
whole-brain
radiation
therapy
(
wbrt
)

new
distant
lesions
were
treated
by
repeated
gks
without
prophylactic
wbrt

conclusions
:
gamma
knife
radiosurgery
without
prophylactic
wbrt
could
be
a
primary
choice
of
treatment
for
patients
with
as
many
as
10
cerebral
metastases
from
nonsmall
cell
cancer

the
notable
exception
has
been
docetaxel
,
which
has
been
extensively
studied
as
a
second-line
therapy
for
nsclc

object
:
the
purpose
of
this
retrospective
study
was
to
compare
the
effectiveness
of
gamma
knife
radiosurgery
(
gks
)
for
multiple
cerebral
metastases
with
that
of
whole-brain
radiation
therapy
(
wbrt
)

objective
:
careful
patient
selection
is
vital
when
video-assisted
thoracoscopic
surgical
(
vats
)
therapeutic
pulmonary
metastasectomy
of
colorectal
carcinoma
is
considered

we
reviewed
our
vats
experience
for
therapeutic
metastasectomy
of
peripheral
colorectal
pulmonary
metastases

conclusions
:
therapeutic
vats
resection
of
colorectal
metastases
appears
efficacious

objectives
:
to
review
the
spectrum
of
presentation
and
the
surgical
management
of
non
small
cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)
and
the
role
of
various
diagnostic
modalities
in
predicting
the
post-operative
stage
and
the
correlation
of
the
post-operative
stage
with
the
chances
of
recurrence

in
the
past
several
years
,
new
chemotherapeutic
agents
,
including
the
taxanes
and
the
topoisomerase
i
inhibitors
,
have
demonstrated
substantial
activity
against
small-cell
carcinoma

we
evaluated
the
role
of
chemotherapy
for
patients
with
brain
metastases
from
nsclc

conclusions
:
both
the
response
rate
and
survival
data
in
this
retrospective
study
suggest
a
high
degree
of
activity
of
this
combination
chemotherapy
in
patients
with
brain
metastases
from
nsclc

the
aim
of
this
study
was
the
evaluation
of
both
the
antitumour
activity
and
toxicity
of
an
immunochemotherapeutic
regimen
consisting
of
interferon-alpha2b
and
interleukin-2
in
combination
with
fotemustine
for
patients
with
metastatic
melanoma

to
explore
the
induction
of
chemotherapy
(
ct
)
dna
damage
and
its
correlation
with
tumor
response
and
patient
survival
,
we
undertook
the
present
study
in
20
small
cell
lung
cancer
(
sclc
)
patients

neoadjuvant
therapy
with
oxaliplatin/fluorouracil/folinic
acid
has
proven
beneficial
in
enabling
surgical
removal
of
previously
unresectable
liver
metastases

in
2
studies
,
surgery
with
curative
intent
was
performed
in
16
and
51
%
of
patients
with
initially
unresectable
liver
metastases
following
oxaliplatin/fluorouracil/folinic
acid
therapy
;
the
5-year
survival
rates
were
40
and
50
%
,
respectively

in
patients
with
advanced
ovarian
cancer
,
first-line
therapy
with
oxaliplatin/cyclophosphamide
achieved
an
objective
response
rate
which
did
not
differ
significantly
from
that
of
cisplatin/cyclophosphamide
(
33
vs
42
%
)

conclusion
:
oxaliplatin
in
combination
with
fluorouracil/folinic
acid
is
an
effective
treatment
option
for
patients
with
metastatic
colorectal
cancer
,
both
as
a
first-line
therapy
and
in
patients
refractory
to
previous
chemotherapy

combined
modality
treatment
has
'come
out
of
age
'
and
increasingly
represents
standard
of
care
for
a
rapidly
growing
number
of
patients
in
locally
advanced
stages
of
nsclc

conclusions
:
lymph
node
immunoreactivity
and
li
significantly
influence
long
term
survival
after
curative
surgery
for
patients
with
carcinoma
of
the
lung
and
may
be
useful
in
stratifying
patients
for
prospective
trials
of
adjuvant
treatment
,
including
immunotherapy

standard
treatment
of
sclc
consists
of
platinum-based
combination
chemotherapy
,
with
thoracic
irradiation
added
for
patients
with
limited-stage
disease

several
newer
chemotherapeutic
drugs
have
recently
been
shown
to
have
significant
activity
in
patients
with
untreated
or
relapsed
sclc

we
recently
performed
completion
pneumonectomy
of
the
left
lung
in
a
70-year-old
man
with
hemophilia
a
,
for
squamous
cell
carcinoma
in
the
residual
left
lung

objective
:
several
reports
emphasize
the
importance
of
en-bloc
resection
as
the
optimal
surgical
treatment
of
lung
cancer
with
chest
wall
invasion

methods
:
between
1981
and
1998
,
100
patients
(
90
male
;
ten
female
)
,
with
a
median
age
of
60
years
(
36-84
)
,
underwent
radical
en-bloc
resection
of
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)
with
chest
wall
involvement

over
the
past
17
years
(
1981
to
1997
)
,
29
patients
underwent
complete
pulmonary
resection
for
primary
lung
cancer
accompanied
by
satellite
nodules
in
the
same
lobe
as
the
primary

for
small
cell
lung
cancer
(
sclc
)
,
which
accounts
for
approximately
20
%
of
cases
of
lung
cancer
,
the
primary
treatment
is
chemotherapy
and
in
the
majority
of
cases
the
primary
aim
is
to
control
the
disease
which
generally
would
have
spread
beyond
the
lungs
at
the
time
of
presentation

a
growing
body
of
evidence
suggests
that
postoperative
irradiation
for
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
may
cause
life-threatening
toxicity
and
,
when
the
risk
of
local-regional
recurrence
is
low
,
the
toxicity
of
irradiation
may
outweight
the
benefit

as
a
best-case
scenario
,
postoperative
irradiation
may
improve
the
chance
for
long-term
survival
in
patients
with
n2
tumors

for
patients
with
stage
i
or
ii
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(
nsclc
)
,
surgical
resection
is
considered
the
standard
of
care

efforts
at
improving
survival
for
early-stage
nsclc
patients
have
focused
on
the
use
of
chemotherapy
administered
postoperatively
(
adjuvant
)
or
preoperatively
(
neoadjuvant
or
induction
)
to
eradicate
micrometastatic
disease

patients
:
patients
with
a
single
(
n
=
2
,
764
)
and
synchronous
nsclc
(
n
=
85
)
who
underwent
pulmonary
resection

background
:
prophylactic
cranial
irradiation
halves
the
rate
of
brain
metastases
in
patients
with
small
cell
lung
cancer

reviewer
's
conclusions
:
prophylactic
cranial
irradiation
significantly
improves
survival
and
disease-free
survival
for
patients
with
small
cell
lung
cancer
in
complete
remission

methods
:
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
cells
were
treated
with
gemcitabine
,
harvested
,
and
nuclear
extracts
analyzed
for
nf-kappab
dna
binding
by
electrophoretic
mobility
shift
assays

novel
treatment
strategies
for
patients
with
advanced
nsclc
may
involve
chemotherapy
combined
with
inhibition
of
nf-kappab-dependent
cell-survival
pathways

in
single-agent
phase
ii
studies
,
irinotecan
yielded
response
rates
between
16
%
and
47
%
in
patients
with
previously
treated
small-cell
lung
cancer

a
phase
ii
study
of
irinotecan
in
combination
with
cisplatin
(
platinol
)
resulted
in
a
response
rate
of
86
%
and
a
median
survival
of
13.0
months
in
patients
with
extensive-disease
small-cell
lung
cancer

based
on
these
results
,
the
irinotecan
and
cisplatin
combination
is
a
new
standard
regimen
in
the
treatment
of
extensive-disease
small-cell
lung
cancer

background
:
both
gemcitabine
and
etoposide
are
active
in
the
treatment
of
small-cell
lung
cancer
(
sclc
)
,
and
are
characterised
by
mild
toxicity
profiles

patients
and
methods
:
forty-two
chemo-naive
extensive
disease
sclc
patients
were
enrolled
to
receive
gemcitabine
1000
mg/m2
,
days
1
,
8
and
15
,
and
etoposide
80
mg/m2
,
days
8
,
9
and
10
of
a
28-day
cycle

background
:
to
find
the
maximum
tolerated
dose
for
ifosfamide
in
combination
with
paclitaxel
and
carboplatin
in
small-cell
lung
cancer
patients
(
sclc
)
,
who
are
resistant
to
cyclophosphamide
,
doxorubicin
and
etoposide
(
cde
)

conclusions
:
the
maximum
tolerated
dose
of
this
combination
for
patients
with
resistant
sclc
is
ifosfamide
2000
mg/m2
in
combination
with
paclitaxel
175
mg/m2
and
carboplatin
auc
6
mg/ml
min
administered
on
the
first
day
of
a
21-day
cycle

many
endobronchial
treatment
modalities
are
available
to
supplement
traditional
therapies
for
advanced
lung
cancer

methods
:
the
author
reviews
the
use
of
several
endobronchial
treatment
modalities
that
can
augment
standard
antitumor
therapies
for
advanced
lung
cancer
,
including
rigid
and
flexible
bronchoscopy
,
laser
therapy
,
endobronchial
prosthesis
,
and
photodynamic
therapy

conclusions
:
endobronchial
interventions
are
important
adjuncts
in
the
multimodality
management
of
lung
cancer
and
should
become
standard
considerations
in
the
management
of
patients
with
advanced
lung
cancer

standard
operations
for
lung
cancer
patients
are
generally
accepted
as
performing
lobectomy
or
pneumonectomy
on
the
tumor
baring
lung
and
ipsilateral
hilar
and
mediastinal
lymphadenectomy
including
subcarinal
lymph
nodes

small
cell
lung
cancer
is
a
frequently
relapsing
tumor
despite
a
high
rate
of
response
after
first-line
chemotherapy

an
anti-idiotypic
monoclonal
antibody
against
the
gd3
ganglioside
,
bec-2
,
is
being
evaluated
after
chemotherapy
in
sclc
patients
in
a
european
study

the
matrix
metalloproteinase
inhibitors
marimastat
and
bms-275291
are
under
evaluation
in
sclc

we
attempted
a
new
regimen
of
intermittent
administration
of
5-fu
and
low-dose
isovorin
(
f.i
)
to
four
patients
with
advanced
and
recurrent
colon
cancer

purpose/objectives
:
to
describe
the
relationship
between
fatigue
and
nutritional
status
in
patients
receiving
radiation
therapy
for
lung
cancer

we
present
the
case
of
a
patient
with
metastatic
transitional
cell
carcinoma
of
the
bladder
and
renal
failure
who
underwent
successful
systemic
chemotherapy
with
paclitaxel
and
carboplatin

background
:
the
objective
of
this
phase
ii
study
was
to
evaluate
the
concept
of
sequential
chemotherapy
in
the
treatment
of
patients
with
advanced
nonsmall
cell
lung
carcinoma
(
nsclc
)
by
the
administration
of
carboplatin
plus
gemcitabine
followed
by
of
paclitaxel

patients
who
benefit
from
a
surgical
resection
for
non-small-cell
lung
cancer
with
aneuploid
dna
content
prove
to
have
a
higher
risk
of
death

purpose
:
a
prospective
randomized
trial
in
small-cell
lung
cancer
(
sclc
)
was
performed
to
determine
if
intensification
of
the
platinum
dose
by
giving
cisplatin
and
carboplatin
in
combination
to
patients
with
sclc
yields
higher
response
rates
and
survival
,
than
carboplatin
alone
in
a
combination
chemotherapy
regimen

tc-tf
chest
scintigraphy
correlated
well
with
pgp
or
mrp1
expression
and
accurately
predicted
the
response
to
chemotherapy
in
patients
with
sclc

exploratory
interventions
,
partial
tumor
resections
and
lung
resections
for
metastasis
were
more
frequently
performed
in
young
patients
than
in
older
patients

prophylactic
cranial
irradiation
(
pci
)
has
been
demonstrated
to
significantly
reduce
the
incidence
of
brain
relapse
from
limited
disease
small-cell
lung
cancer
(
ld
sclc
)
,
but
concerns
about
neurologic
toxicity
remain

thus
,
twice-daily
pci
should
be
considered
for
patients
with
ld
sclc
who
achieve
a
complete
response
to
chemoirradiation

in
a
pivotal
phase
iii
trial
,
242
patients
with
advanced
ovarian
cancer
were
randomised
to
receive
treatment
with
cisplatin
100
mg/m2
and
cyclophosphamide
1000
mg/m2
every
3
weeks
with
or
without
pretreatment
with
intravenous
amifostine
910
mg/m2

over
6
cycles
of
therapy
,
amifostine
significantly
reduced
haematological
,
renal
and
neurological
toxicities
:
treatment
delays
,
treatment
discontinuation
and
days
in
hospital
related
to
these
adverse
events
were
also
significantly
reduced
in
patients
receiving
amifostine
versus
patients
receiving
chemotherapy
alone

amifostine
(
340
mg/m2
)
also
provided
significant
protection
against
pneumonitis
and
oesophagitis
in
patients
with
lung
cancer
receiving
thoracic
irradiation
in
a
preliminary
report
from
a
phase
iii
trial
(
n
=
144
)

amifostine
has
also
been
shown
to
stimulate
haematopoietic
stem
cells
and
has
been
investigated
as
a
therapy
for
patients
with
myelodysplastic
syndrome
in
number
of
small
preliminary
studies

<
TO_SEE
>
conclusion
:
the
results
of
phase
iii
trials
have
confirmed
the
safety
and
efficacy
of
amifostine
as
a
cytoprotectant
to
ameliorate
cisplatin-induced
cumulative
renal
toxicity
,
for
which
it
is
the
only
agent
proven
to
be
effective
,
and
neutropenia
in
patients
with
advanced
ovarian
cancer
,
and
to
reduce
xerostomia
in
patients
with
head
and
neck
cancer
receiving
irradiation
therapy

depending
on
the
outcome
of
numerous
ongoing
clinical
trials
,
amifostine
may
eventually
find
broader
clinical
applications
,
both
as
a
cytoprotectant
and
as
a
potential
therapy
in
myelodysplastic
syndrome

to
perform
a
curative
operation
for
the
lung
cancer
without
myocardial
infarction
,
minimally
invasive
direct
coronary
artery
bypass
and
left
lower
lobectomy
with
video-endoscopic
assistance
were
performed
simultaneously

The
authors
describe
the
case
of
a
child
with
status
epilepticus
in
whom
phenytoin
was
administered
via
the
intraosseous
route
,
and
seizure
resolution
and
therapeutic
serum
levels
were
achieved

A
patient
suffering
baclofen
overdose
successfully
treated
with
atropine
is
reported

Atropine
appears
to
be
useful
in
treating
cases
of
baclofen
overdose
complicated
by
bradycardia
and
hypotension

Continuous
arteriovenous
hemofiltration
for
the
treatment
of
anasarca
and
acute
renal
failure
in
severely
burned
patients

Continuous
renal
replacement
therapy
in
patients
with
acute
renal
dysfunction
undergoing
intraaortic
balloon
pump
and/or
left
ventricular
device
support

Continuous
arterio-venous
hemofiltration
in
a
wearable
device
to
treat
end-stage
renal
disease

The
effectiveness
of
neostigmine
0.07
mg
kg-1
and
edrophonium
0.8
mg
kg-1
as
antagonists
of
profound
neuromuscular
blockade
induced
by
vecuronium
0.1
mg
kg-1
or
atracurium
0.5
mg
kg-1
was
studied
in
59
healthy
patients

Antagonism
of
atracurium-induced
neuromuscular
blockade
by
neostigmine
or
edrophonium
has
been
studied
using
the
tetanic
(
50
Hz
)
and
train-of-four
(
2
Hz
)
or
single
twitch
responses
of
the
adductor
pollicis
muscle
in
22
anaesthetized
patients

Active
forms
of
vitamin
D3
,
1
alpha-hydroxyvitamin
D3
and
1
alpha
,
25-dihydroxyvitamin
D3
,
were
administered
in
an
open-design
study
to
40
patients
with
psoriasis
vulgaris
in
three
ways
:
to
17
patients
1
alpha-hydroxyvitamin
D3
was
given
orally
at
a
dose
of
1.0
micrograms/day
for
6
months
,
to
four
patients
1
alpha
,
25-dihydroxyvitamin
D3
was
given
orally
at
a
dose
of
0.5
microgram/day
for
6
months
,
and
19
patients
were
given
1
alpha
,
25-dihydroxyvitamin
D3
applied
topically
at
concentration
of
0.5
microgram/g
of
base
for
8
weeks

These
data
suggest
that
psoriasis
may
respond
to
active
metabolites
of
vitamin
D3
and
that
abnormalities
in
vitamin
D
metabolism
or
in
responsiveness
of
the
skin
cells
to
active
metabolites
of
vitamin
D
may
be
involved
in
the
pathogenesis
of
this
skin
disease

When
indomethacin
was
applied
immediately
after
irradiation
,
UVR
(
ultraviolet
radiation
)
dose-dependent
suppression
of
erythema
was
demonstrated
for
both
wavelengths
until
36
h
after
irradiation
when
both
indomethacin
and
control
gel
base-treated
sites
were
equally
erythematous

Suppression
of
erythema
also
occurred
when
application
of
indomethacin
was
delayed
until
24
h
after
irradiation
,
showing
that
for
both
wavelengths
prostaglandin
synthesis
remains
increased
throughout
this
period

There
was
one
retinal
dialysis
,
and
one
lens
dislocation
requiring
extraction

Rates
of
superoxide
(
SA
)
generation
by
blood
monocytes
stimulated
ex
vivo
were
studied
before
and
during
corticosteroid
treatment
of
rheumatoid
arthritis
(
RA
)
patients
,
in
control
patients
and
in
healthy
controls

Significant
inhibition
of
monocyte
SA
output
stimulated
with
IgG-treated
zymosan
(
ITZ
)
and
fluoride
ion
(
F
)
,
but
not
serum-treated
zymosan
(
STZ
)
was
demonstrated
following
steroid
therapy
in
RA

Methotrexate
(
MTX
)
appears
to
be
useful
in
patients
with
rheumatoid
arthritis
(
RA
)
refractory
to
other
drugs
but
its
long-term
toxicity
and
efficacy
are
uncertain

MTX
in
a
low-dose
regimen
is
useful
in
refractory
RA
and
superior
to
low-dose
purine
analogues

Twelve
patients
with
intractable
rheumatoid
arthritis
were
treated
with
antilymphocyte
globulin
(
ALG
)
,
prednisolone
and
a
cytotoxic
agent
,
usually
azathioprine
,
and
were
followed
for
1
year

Rigid
ureteroscopy
for
the
treatment
of
ureteric
calculi
:
experience
in
120
cases

Over
a
1-year
period
,
rigid
ureteroscopy
has
been
used
to
retrieve
ureteric
calculi
in
120
patients

Eleven
patients
with
vesicoureteric
reflux
secondary
to
neuropathic
bladder
were
treated
by
endoscopic
injection
of
pyrolised
polytetrafluoroethylene
(
Polytef
)
paste

Two
hundred
and
seventy-seven
patients
with
advanced
prostatic
cancer
were
treated
by
either
orchiectomy
or
oestrogen

Use
of
scarred
flaps
and
secondary
flaps
for
reconstructive
surgery
of
extensive
burns

A
patient
with
a
vesico-enteric
fistula
was
successfully
treated
with
resection
of
the
small
intestine
and
dome
of
the
bladder
and
drainage
of
the
intervening
abscess

Steroid
therapy
was
also
used
in
two
patients
with
NSAID-induced
proteinuria

Recombinant
leukocyte
A
interferon
(
rIFN-alpha
A
)
in
the
treatment
of
disseminated
malignant
melanoma

As
noted
previously
,
using
chemotherapy
,
a
small
proportion
of
patients
with
advanced
malignant
melanoma
,
despite
prior
therapy
,
may
achieve
prolonged
objective
regression
with
rIFN-alpha
A

Clinical
course
of
breast
cancer
patients
with
osseous
metastasis
treated
with
combination
chemotherapy

Between
July
1973
and
December
1979
,
1171
patients
with
metastatic
breast
cancer
were
treated
with
doxorubicin-containing
chemotherapy

Two
patients
with
metastatic
dysgerminoma
of
the
ovary
were
treated
with
a
combination
of
etoposide
,
bleomycin
,
and
cisplatin
at
The
University
of
Texas
M.D

Chemotherapy
may
be
an
alternative
to
radiotherapy
for
the
treatment
of
metastatic
dysgerminoma
and
should
also
be
considered
for
selected
patients
with
Stage
I
disease

Long-term
survival
and
morbidity
in
patients
with
metastatic
malignant
germ
cell
tumors
treated
with
cisplatin-based
combination
chemotherapy

Treatment
of
advanced
stage
mycosis
fungoides
with
bleomycin
,
doxorubicin
,
and
methotrexate
with
topical
nitrogen
mustard
(
BAM-M
)

Three
patients
in
whom
splenomegaly
was
detected
during
their
staging
evaluation
underwent
splenectomy

This
study
indicates
that
BAM-M
is
effective
therapy
for
advanced
stage
mycosis
fungoides
and
suggests
that
the
therapeutic
role
of
splenectomy
should
be
evaluated
further

Only
patients
whose
primary
head
and
neck
tumor
shows
a
response
to
systemic
therapy
undergo
Ommaya
placement

Additional
chemotherapy
may
thus
have
eradicated
these
micrometastases
in
the
older
children
,
since
the
age
influence
on
Stage
II
disease
disappeared
when
multimodal
treatment
was
given
in
this
study

Traditional
therapy
for
malignant
pleural
effusions
includes
thoracentesis
or
tube
drainage
with
instillation
of
irritants
to
achieve
pleurodesis

We
feel
that
pleuroperitoneal
shunting
is
a
valid
new
method
for
treatment
of
malignant
pleural
effusions
which
can
effectively
palliate
respiratory
symptoms
with
low
morbidity

When
right
ventricular
failure
prohibits
separation
from
cardiopulmonary
bypass
,
standard
methods
of
increasing
pulmonary
blood
flow
should
be
employed
,
including
correction
of
hypoxia
and
acidosis
,
volume
loading
,
and
inotropic
support
of
the
right
ventricle

For
refractory
right
ventricular
failure
following
the
surgical
repair
of
congenital
cardiac
defects
in
which
the
placement
of
right
atrial
and
pulmonary
artery
cannulae
is
not
technically
feasible
,
use
of
high-frequency
high-volume
ventilation
appears
to
be
quite
promising

Current
results
suggest
that
RHBP
remains
the
gold
standard
for
severe
RV
failure
,
but
further
clinical
experience
with
PABC
may
more
clearly
define
its
role
in
the
management
of
RV
failure

However
,
the
results
of
this
study
indicate
that
procainamide
may
be
effective
in
suppressing
the
induction
of
sustained
ventricular
tachycardia
at
a
relatively
low
plasma
concentration
,
but
not
at
a
higher
plasma
concentration

Coronary
angioplasty
for
early
postinfarction
unstable
angina

Coronary
angioplasty
was
performed
in
53
patients
in
whom
unstable
angina
had
reoccurred
after
48
hr
and
within
30
days
after
sustained
myocardial
infarction

At
6
months
follow-up
26
%
(
14/53
)
of
all
the
patients
who
underwent
angioplasty
had
recurrence
of
angina
,
which
was
successfully
treated
with
repeat
angioplasty
,
bypass
surgery
,
or
medical
therapy

Coronary
dissection
and
total
coronary
occlusion
leading
to
emergency
coronary
surgery
are
the
most
frequent
complications
of
percutaneous
transluminal
coronary
angioplasty
(
PTCA
)
and
their
occurrence
usually
is
unpredictable

Effect
of
zanamivir
on
duration
and
resolution
of
influenza
symptoms

A
comparison
of
a
five-day
regimen
of
cefdinir
with
a
seven-day
regimen
of
loracarbef
for
the
treatment
of
acute
exacerbations
of
chronic
bronchitis

Initial
empiric
therapy
for
community-acquired
bacterial
meningitis
should
be
based
on
the
possibility
that
penicillin-resistant
pneumococci
may
be
the
etiologic
organisms
and
,
hence
,
should
include
a
combination
of
third-generation
cephalosporin
(
cefotaxime
or
ceftriaxone
)
and
vancomycin

Ampicillin
should
be
included
if
the
patient
has
predisposing
factors
that
are
associated
with
a
risk
for
infection
with
Listeria
monocytogenes

Results
of
clinical
trials
and
meta-analysis
suggest
that
dexamethasone
therapy
improves
the
outcome
for
patients
with
bacterial
meningitis

Placebo-controlled
trials
have
shown
that
vitamin
C
supplementation
decreases
the
duration
and
severity
of
common
cold
infections

<
TO_SEE
>
Progressive
multifocal
leukoencephalopathy
following
oral
fludarabine
treatment
of
chronic
lymphocytic
leukemia

<
TO_SEE
>
PURPOSE
:
To
review
reported
inflammatory
reactions
occurring
after
initiation
of
highly
active
antiretroviral
therapy
(
HAART
)
in
persons
infected
with
HIV-1
and
to
explore
the
mechanisms
leading
to
these
reactions

Levofloxacin
versus
intravenous
ceftriaxone
and
amoxicillin/clavulanate
in
the
treatment
of
community-acquired
pneumonia
that
require
hospitalization

Overall
1
year
survival
(
operative
deaths
excluded
)
was
68
%
after
tumor
resection
compared
to
31
%
after
palliative
surgery
(
P
<
0.001
)

The
results
of
this
study
show
that
resection
of
extrahepatic
bile
duct
carcinomas
,
particularly
in
an
upper-third
localization
,
is
often
associated
with
worthwhile
long-term
survival

Background
:
N-acetylcysteine
(
NAC
)
and
ambroxol
(
AMB
)
have
recently
been
proposed
as
possible
therapeutic
agents
in
the
treatment
of
pulmonary
disorders

<
TO_SEE
>
Postoperative
alkaline
reflux
after
total
gastrectomy
for
stomach
cancer

Antimicrobial
therapy
for
respiratory
disease

Corticosteroids
for
the
treatment
of
croup

<
TO_SEE
>
BACKGROUND
:
In
the
present
study
we
investigated
the
efficacy
and
tolerability
of
i.m
.
octreotide
acetate
(
octreotide
LAR
)
in
patients
with
metastatic
neuroendocrine
tumors
(
NETs
)
previously
treated
and
failed
on
i.m
.
lanreotide

CONCLUSIONS
:
Octreotide
LAR
20
mg
shows
significant
efficacy
in
terms
of
objective
response
rate
(
PR
+
SD
)
,
biochemical
and
symptomatic
control
in
patients
with
metastatic
NETs
of
the
GEP
system
pretreated
and
progressing
on
slow
release
lanreotide

The
present
study
evaluated
the
effects
of
TJ-135
on
concanavalin
A
(
con
A
)
-induced
hepatitis
in
mice
in
vivo
and
con
A-induced
cytokine
production
in
vitro

These
results
suggest
that
con
A-induced
hepatitis
was
ameliorated
by
pretreatment
with
TJ-135

Zinc
lozenges
--
a
cure
for
common
colds
?

T-helper
type
2
cell-directed
therapy
for
asthma

Effects
of
the
Japanese
herbal
medicine
'Inchinko-to
'
(
TJ-135
)
on
concanavalin
A-induced
hepatitis
in
mice

Presumed
cavernomas
have
been
documented
following
radiation
for
malignancy
(
5-6
)
,
and
sterotactic
cerebral
biopsy
(
7
)

Discontinuation
of
secondary
prophylaxis
for
cryptococcal
meningitis
in
HIV-infected
patients
responding
to
highly
active
antiretroviral
therapy

Hepatectomy
for
cholangiocarcinoma
complicated
with
right
umbilical
portion
:
anomalous
configuration
of
the
intrahepatic
biliary
tree

Bilateral
lung
transplantation
should
be
considered
in
younger
patients
with
severe
,
generalized
bronchiectasis
and
respiratory
failure

OBJECTIVES
:
Interest
in
zinc
as
a
treatment
for
the
common
cold
has
grown
following
the
recent
publication
of
several
controlled
trials

The
objective
of
this
review
was
to
assess
the
effects
of
zinc
lozenges
for
cold
symptoms

Results
from
two
trials
(
04
-
Mossad
;
08
-
Smith
)
suggested
zinc
lozenges
reduced
the
severity
and
duration
of
cold
symptoms

Given
the
potential
for
treatment
to
produce
side
effects
,
the
use
of
zinc
lozenges
to
treat
cold
symptoms
deserves
further
study

Randomized
trial
of
interferon-alpha
plus
ursodeoxycholic
acid
versus
interferon
plus
placebo
in
patients
with
chronic
hepatitis
C
resistant
to
interferon

We
describe
a
rare
case
of
spontaneous
rupture
of
a
hepatic
metastasis
from
renal
cell
carcinoma
that
was
treated
successfully
by
hepatic
arterial
embolization

A
65-year-old
woman
,
who
had
been
undergoing
immunotherapy
for
inoperably
disseminated
renal
carcinoma
and
lung
metastases
,
presented
with
severe
abdominal
pain
in
a
state
of
hypovolemic
shock

Although
hepatic
rupture
due
to
metastatic
cancer
is
extremely
rare
,
transcatheter
arterial
embolization
(
TAE
)
is
an
appropriate
and
useful
treatment
for
massive
hemorrhage
caused
by
spontaneous
rupture
of
liver
metastasis

Surgical
treatment
is
a
good
alternative
for
patients
with
persistent
severe
regurgitation
during
medical
therapy
and
for
young
patients
who
prefer
surgery
to
lifelong
medication

Despite
this
,
cholecystectomy
as
a
treatment
for
biliary
dyskinesia
remains
controversial

Our
aim
was
to
determine
efficacy
of
cholecystectomy
in
alleviating
biliary
dyskinesia
symptoms
and
the
correlation
with
histologic
findings

CONCLUSIONS
:
Biliary
dyskinesia
patients
who
underwent
cholecystectomy
had
significantly
greater
symptom
improvement
compared
with
nonsurgical
patients

Transbronchial
biopsy
revealed
inflammatory
nonspecific
alveolar
lesions
suggestive
of
bronchiolitis
obliterans
organizing
pneumonia
,
which
responded
well
clinically
and
radiologically
to
oral
corticosteroids

Novel
treatment
strategies
for
patients
with
advanced
NSCLC
may
involve
chemotherapy
combined
with
inhibition
of
NF-kappaB-dependent
cell-survival
pathways

OBJECTIVE
:
This
retrospective
study
was
designed
to
confirm
that
aggressive
pulmonary
resection
can
provide
effective
long-term
palliation
of
disease
for
patients
with
pulmonary
aspergilloma

In
this
study
,
we
investigated
the
expression
and
therapeutic
potential
of
TRAIL
in
cholangiocarcinoma
,
one
of
the
most
devastating
human
hepatic
malignancies

Finally
,
in
vivo
administration
of
recombinant
TRAIL
substantially
inhibited
subcutaneous
tumor
growth
of
human
cholangiocarcinoma
cells

Induction
of
apoptosis
in
tumor
cells
is
possible
with
a
biologically
active
TRAIL
,
and
suggests
that
this
cytokine
is
a
promising
antitumor
agent
against
human
cholangiocarcinoma

This
study
investigated
whether
intensive
chemotherapy
might
have
a
positive
effect
on
asthma
in
these
special
cases
and
whether
asthma
generally
relapses
after
completion
of
chemotherapy

The
authors
monitored
clinical
outcome
and
lung
function
of
43
children
with
acute
lymphoblastic
leukemia
and
non-Hodgkin
lymphoma
who
received
chemotherapy
at
the
University
Children
's
Hospital
of
Greifswald
between
1993
and
1998

She
was
diagnosed
as
miliary
tuberculosis
and
treated
with
antituberculous
drugs

The
hemorrhage
was
successfully
stopped
by
microcoil
embolization

Immunomodulatory
effects
of
acupuncture
in
the
treatment
of
allergic
asthma
:
a
randomized
controlled
study

An
open-label
study
of
lamivudine
for
chronic
hepatitis
B
in
six
patients
with
chronic
renal
failure
before
and
after
kidney
transplantation

Usefulness
of
percutaneous
transhepatic
biliary
drainage
in
patients
with
surgical
jaundice
--
a
prospective
randomised
study

Neutralization
of
hepatitis
A
virus
(
HAV
)
by
an
immunoadhesin
containing
the
cysteine-rich
region
of
HAV
cellular
receptor-1

To
ascertain
the
results
of
standard
ABVD
chemotherapy
(
doxorubicin
,
bleomycin
,
vinblastine
,
dacarbazine
)
in
HIV-infected
patients
with
newly
diagnosed
Hodgkin
's
disease
(
HD
)
,
a
nonrandomized
,
prospective
,
multiinstitutional
clinical
trial
was
conducted
by
the
AIDS
Clinical
Trials
Group
(
ACTG
)
,
in
HIV-infected
patients
with
Hodgkin
's
disease

The
effectiveness
of
glucocorticoids
in
treating
croup
:
meta-analysis
(
see
comments
)

PURPOSE
:
Inhaled
corticosteroids
have
beneficial
effects
on
pulmonary
function
and
inflammation
in
patients
with
asthma
,
but
they
also
cause
systemic
adverse
effects
,
such
as
adrenal
suppression

Thus
,
s-ECP
appears
to
be
a
useful
marker
for
determining
when
a
step-down
in
iBDP
therapy
is
indicated
,
and
thus
may
contribute
to
successful
long-term
management
of
chronic
asthma

Twinrix
(
SmithKline
Beecham
Biologicals
)
is
a
combined
hepatitis
A
and
B
vaccine
licensed
with
a
three-dose
schedule

A
two-dose
combined
hepatitis
A
and
B
vaccine
would
facilitate
immunisation
programs

Therefore
,
it
can
be
concluded
that
with
two
injections
of
the
high-dose
hepatitis
A
and
B
vaccine
,
6
months
apart
,
a
similar
immune
response
can
be
obtained
as
induced
with
three
doses
of
Twinrix
at
months
0
,
1
and
6

CONCLUSIONS
:
These
data
,
the
first
evidence
that
chronic
stress
can
inhibit
the
stability
of
the
IgG
antibody
response
to
a
bacterial
vaccine
for
pneumonia
,
provide
additional
evidence
of
health
risks
associated
with
dementia
caregiving

Refugees
with
crawling
lice
were
treated
with
a
pediculicide
containing
1
%
permethrin

Antibiotics
for
Salmonella
meningitis
in
children

Four
patients
developed
mild
pancreatitis
,
one
had
moderate
pancreatitis
and
one
had
leak
of
contrast
,
which
was
treated
by
administration
of
clear
fluids
orally
for
one
day

We
treated
two
children
with
influenza-associated
acute
encephalopathy
by
a
combination
of
mild
hypothermia
and
steroid
pulse
therapy

Successful
treatment
of
anaerobic
pleuropulmonary
infections
requires
a
combination
of
antibiotic
therapy
and
surgical
interventions

Treatment
of
spontaneous
carotid-cavernous
fistula
in
Ehlers-Danlos
syndrome
by
transvenous
occlusion
with
Guglielmi
detachable
coils

In
conclusion
,
in
some
cases
of
MDR
TB
,
the
TP
(
if
there
are
no
pleural
adherences
)
may
lead
to
good
results

Acupuncture
treatment
of
common
cold

CONCLUSIONS
:
These
data
,
the
first
evidence
that
chronic
stress
can
inhibit
the
stability
of
the
IgG
antibody
response
to
a
bacterial
vaccine
for
pneumonia
,
provide
additional
evidence
of
health
risks
associated
with
dementia
caregiving

When
bleeding
is
stopped
via
surgical
or
radiological
methods
,
the
clinical
course
of
hemobilia-associated
pancreatitis
appears
to
be
benign

A
case
of
biliary
stenosis
in
polycystic
liver
improved
by
injection
of
minocycline
hydrochloride
to
a
hepatic
cyst

Therapy
designed
to
control
the
efferent
phase
of
established
asthma
by
augmenting
down-regulatory
Th1
counterbalancing
mechanisms
should
be
effective

All
children
with
croup
symptoms
who
demonstrate
increased
work
of
breathing
in
the
clinics
or
emergency
departments
should
be
treated
with
glucocorticoids

Increasing
resistance
among
the
common
respiratory
pathogens
has
encouraged
assessment
of
alternative
agents
,
for
example
,
levofloxacin

Unlike
earlier
quinolones
,
levofloxacin
has
excellent
activity
against
Streptococcus
pneumoniae
,
including
strains
resistant
to
penicillin

A
field
study
was
carried
out
to
evaluate
the
effect
of
vaccination
against
swine
enzootic
pneumonia
in
different
production
systems
(
closed
or
one-site
,
and
open
,
two-
or
three-site
,
systems
)

From
these
results
Gingyo-san
was
shown
to
be
an
antiviral
agent
in
mice
infected
with
a
lethal
amount
of
a
mouse-adopted
strain
of
influenza
A2
virus

The
purpose
of
the
present
study
was
to
analyze
the
association
of
recurrent
abdominal
pain
and
H.
pylori
infection
in
children
and
to
evaluate
the
efficacy
of
antimicrobial
treatment
in
patients
with
evidence
of
infection

Treatment
with
omeprazole
,
amoxicillin
,
and
clarithromycin
resulted
in
eradication
of
the
infection
in
all
and
in
resolution
of
the
clinical
symptoms
in
15
(
80
%
)
of
19
patients
who
had
a
follow-up
examination

A
combined
therapy
results
in
eradication
of
the
bacterium
and
in
improvement
of
the
clinical
symptoms
in
a
significant
majority
of
the
patients

In
certain
clinical
settings
,
interventional
radiologic
procedures
have
become
an
important
alternative
to
surgery
in
the
treatment
of
gallstones
and
their
complications
;
techniques
include
percutaneous
cholecystostomy
and
gallstone
removal

BACKGROUND
:
The
administration
of
salbutamol
is
permitted
only
by
inhalation
by
the
International
Olympic
Committee
(
IOC
)
for
the
management
of
asthma
and
exercise-induced
asthma
in
athletes

Urine
was
also
obtained
from
subjects
who
had
received
the
maximum
dosage
of
inhaled
salbutamol
advisable
for
competing
athletes
to
provide
protection
from
exercise-induced
asthma
and
treatment
of
asthma
(
1600
microg
in
24
h
,
800
microg
being
in
the
last
4
h
)

Antimicrobials
were
prescribed
to
175
(
83.73
per
cent
)
patients
with
common
cold
and
78
(
82.11
per
cent
)
patients
with
diarrhea

OBJECTIVE
:
to
evaluate
the
possible
existence
of
the
so-called
<
Roux-en-Y
syndrome
>
in
a
group
of
21
patients
who
underwent
surgery
to
correct
postoperative
alkaline
reflux
gastritis

All
had
undergone
Billroth
II
subtotal
gastrectomy
(
20
for
ulcer
and
1
for
gastric
cancer
)

CONCLUSIONS
:
we
found
no
evidence
of
disturbances
in
gastric
remnant
emptying
after
Roux-en-Y
gastrojejunostomy
to
treat
postoperative
alkaline
gastric
reflux

CONCLUSIONS
:
This
study
indicates
that
the
use
of
a
computerized
physician
reminder
and
a
mailed
patient
reminder
had
a
positive
impact
on
influenza
immunizations
for
older
adults
in
a
large
family
practice
office

A
series
of
comparative
analyses
show
that
inhaled
fluticasone
propionate
is
more
cost
effective
than
oral
zafirlukast
and
triamcinolone
acetonide
and
slightly
more
cost
effective
than
flunisolide
in
adult
patients
with
asthma

Quality-of-life
assessments
in
patients
with
mild
to
moderate
disease
show
that
inhaled
fluticasone
propionate
achieved
improvements
which
were
deemed
to
be
clinically
meaningful
in
patients
with
mild
to
moderate
asthma
;
these
changes
were
significantly
greater
than
those
achieved
with
oral
zafirlukast
,
inhaled
triamcinolone
acetonide
or
placebo

CONCLUSIONS
:
In
addition
to
the
considerable
body
of
clinical
evidence
supporting
the
use
of
inhaled
fluticasone
propionate
in
patients
with
asthma
,
accumulating
short
term
cost-effectiveness
data
also
suggest
that
this
agent
can
be
administered
for
a
similar
or
lower
cost
per
outcome
than
other
inhaled
corticosteroids
or
oral
zafirlukast

Importantly
,
the
clinical
benefits
offered
by
fluticasone
propionate
in
patients
with
persistent
asthma
are
accompanied
by
clinically
significant
improvements
in
quality
of
life

OBJECTIVE
:
To
describe
the
effect
of
influenza
vaccination
on
long-term
change
in
CD4
count
and
HIV
RNA
level
,
and
on
progression
to
AIDS
or
death

In
patients
with
combination
therapy
,
a
further
reduction
of
viremia
level
could
be
observed
,
whereas
viremia
levels
in
patients
with
IFN
alpha
alone
slightly
increased

Ribavirin
in
combination
with
IFN
alpha
exerts
an
additional
anti-viral/immunmodulatory
effect
which
manifests
itself
in
phase
2
of
hepatitis
C
viremia
decline

Surgical
clearance
of
CBD
stones
was
achieved
in
58
patients
(
93.5
%
;
group
Ia
)

It
is
suggested
that
damaged
mucosal
tissues
with
AHF
can
be
effectively
compensated
by
enhanced
regeneration
response
due
to
an
adequately
high
dose
intensity
,
suggesting
a
possible
tolerability
advantage
for
AHF

Minimally
invasive
treatment
of
abscesses
by
CT-controlled
drainage
with
a
basket
catheter
system

PL
granule
is
one
of
the
most
common
forms
of
composite
medicine
for
colds
in
Japan
,
including
acetaminophen

A
72-year
old
man
who
had
been
prescribed
amiodarone
for
more
than
one
year
before
for
arrhythmogenic
right
ventricular
dystrophy
,
repeatedly
took
PL
granules
at
one-week
intervals
because
of
sneezing
and
fever

In
a
follow-up
study
operative
risk
,
postoperative
functional
disorders
and
incidence
of
anastomotic
(
recurrent
)
ulcer
after
partial
gastrectomy
with
Roux-en-Y
gastrojejunostomy
for
gastroduodenal
ulcer
were
evaluated
in
52
patients

<
TO_SEE
>
With
regard
to
the
high
rate
of
recurrent
ulcer
Roux-en-Y
reconstruction
after
partial
gastrectomy
for
primary
ulcer
surgery
should
be
avoided
and
reconstruction
procedures
preferred
,
which
guarantee
duodenogastric
reflux

OBJECTIVE
:
The
aim
of
these
studies
was
to
compare
the
pharmacokinetics
of
inhaled
fluticasone
propionate
(
FP
)
after
repeated
administration
via
the
Diskus
or
Diskhaler
dry
powder
inhalers
(
DPIs
)
to
patients
with
mild-to-moderate
asthma

DATA
SYNTHESIS
:
Recently
,
an
expert
panel
of
the
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention
recommended
use
of
only
three
of
16
systemic
antibiotics
approved
by
the
Food
and
Drug
Administration
for
treatment
of
AOM
:
amoxicillin
,
cefuroxime
axetil
,
and
ceftriaxone

A
three-step
treatment
algorithm
for
refractory
AOM
that
employs
amoxicillin
,
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
(
TMP/SMX
)
,
or
high-dose
amoxicillin/clavulanate
(
depending
on
the
prior
dose
of
and
adherence
to
amoxicillin
therapy
)
,
and
ceftriaxone
or
tympanocentesis
at
steps
1
,
2
,
and
3
,
respectively
,
appears
rational
and
cost-effective

We
support
the
use
of
conjugate
pneumococcal
vaccine
per
guidelines
for
prevention
of
Raom
from
the
Advisory
Committee
on
Immunization
Practice
of
the
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention
,
with
consideration
given
to
influenza
vaccine
for
cases
of
rAOM
that
historically
worsen
during
the
flu
season

dverse
outcomes
and
opioid
analgesic
administration
in
acute
abdominal
pain

We
examined
the
remnant
stomach
for
H.
pylori
infection
after
gastrectomy
for
gastric
cancer
or
peptic
ulcer
between
October
1992
and
July
1997

The
recent
introduction
of
ribavirin
,
given
in
combination
,
has
led
to
a
re-appraisal
of
the
management
of
chronic
hepatitis
C

The
current
report
considers
the
additional
benefit
of
combination
therapy
(
interferon
alfa
and
ribavirin
)
compared
with
monotherapy
(
interferon
alfa
alone
)
for
the
treatment
of
patients
with
chronic
hepatitis
C

OBJECTIVE
:
To
review
the
clinical
effectiveness
and
cost-effectiveness
of
combination
therapy
with
interferon
alfa
and
ribavirin
in
patients
with
chronic
hepatitis
C

Double-blind
placebo-controlled
trial
of
Mycobacterium
vaccae
immunotherapy
for
tuberculosis
in
KwaZulu
,
South
Africa
,
1991-97

OBJECTIVE
:
To
evaluate
the
efficacy
of
oral
tacrolimus
as
an
induction
agent
in
steroid-refractory
severe
colitis
.Study
design
:
Open-label
,
multicenter
trial
of
oral
tacrolimus
in
patients
with
severe
colitis

CONCLUSION
:
Although
tacrolimus
is
effective
induction
therapy
for
severe
ulcerative
or
Crohn
's
colitis
,
fewer
than
50
%
of
patients
treated
will
successfully
achieve
a
long-term
remission

Cytomegalovirus
(
CMV
)
infection
was
one
of
the
most
common
opportunistic
infections
in
AIDS
patients
,
leading
to
blindness
or
life-threatening
disease
in
about
40
%
of
patients
in
the
later
stages
of
AIDS
before
highly
active
antiretroviral
therapy
(
HAART
)

According
to
the
present
study
it
seems
that
inhaled
corticosteroid
treatment
during
and
after
the
acute
phase
of
infant
RSV
bronchiolitis
may
have
a
beneficial
effect
on
subsequent
bronchial
wheezing
tendency

Combined
interferon
and
lamivudine
therapy
:
is
this
the
treatment
of
choice
for
patients
with
chronic
hepatitis
B
virus
infection
?

She
had
been
taking
amitriptyline
75
mg
at
night
for
depression
for
four
months
before
her
admission

Side
effects
from
influenza
vaccination
:
differences
between
returned
and
random
surveys

OBJECTIVE
:
To
study
the
relationship
between
interleukin-2
(
IL-2
)
,
soluble
interleukin-2
receptor
(
sIL-2R
)
and
the
non-and-hypo-responsiveness
to
hepatitis
B
vaccine

We
assessed
the
effects
of
early
replacement
therapy
with
protein-C
concentrate
together
with
continuous
veno-venous
haemodiafiltration
and
conventional
treatment
in
meningococcaemia

We
observed
the
effects
of
cisapride
in
the
management
of
idiopathic
constipation
in
children

METHODS
:
Thirty-seven
children
with
a
history
of
constipation
(
i.e
.
,
pain
and
difficulty
or
delay
in
defecation
for
>
3
months
)
were
recruited
and
randomly
assigned
to
8
weeks
of
treatment
with
either
cisapride
,
0.2
mg/kg
three
times
daily
,
or
matching
placebo
after
a
2-week
run-in
period
in
a
double-blind
,
parallel-group
study
design

Patient
1
demonstrated
dramatic
clearing
of
his
MCV
lesions
when
intravenous
cidofovir
therapy
was
started
for
his
treatment-resistant
bilateral
CMV
retinitis
and
because
of
cidofovir
's
possible
activity
against
MCV

In
case
2
,
cidofovir
was
compounded
as
a
3
%
cream
in
a
combination
vehicle
(
Dermovan
)
for
extensive
facial
involvement
,
and
complete
resolution
of
MCV
was
seen
after
1
month
of
therapy

In
case
3
,
intravenous
cidofovir
therapy
was
started
both
for
CMV
retinitis
and
in
an
attempt
to
clear
90
%
facial
MCV
involvement
;
after
1
month
of
treatment
,
all
clinical
evidence
of
MCV
had
resolved

CONCLUSIONS
:
Cidofovir
,
a
nucleotide
analog
of
deoxycytidine
monophosphate
,
appears
to
have
contributed
to
clearing
of
advanced
MCV
lesions
in
these
3
patients
,
thus
providing
suggestive
evidence
of
clinical
activity
against
MCV

Controlled
trials
of
cidofovir
therapy
for
MCV
in
persons
infected
with
human
immunodeficiency
virus
are
warranted

A
bolus
infusion
of
tissue
plasminogen
activator
was
administered
during
CPR
in
refractory
ventricular
fibrillation
(
two
cases
)
and
pulseless
ventricular
tachycardia
(
one
case
)

We
conclude
that
bolus
thrombolytic
infusions
during
CPR
may
facilitate
spontaneous
return
of
circulation
in
select
patients
with
confirmed
acute
myocardial
infarction
,
witnessed
cardiac
arrest
in
the
ED
,
and
refractory
ventricular
fibrillation
or
tachycardia

Although
improved
glycemic
control
,
maintenance
of
normal
blood
pressure
,
and
use
of
angiotensin-converting
enzyme
inhibitors
are
important
strategies
to
avoid
developing
microalbuminuria
,
dietary
macronutrient
intake
may
also
play
a
role

Local
injection
of
corticosteroids
into
refractory
esophageal
strictures
to
decrease
the
restenosis
rate
has
been
reported

We
systematically
reviewed
the
evidence
concerning
the
ability
of
five
systemic
treatments
to
induce
remission
in
patients
with
severe
psoriasis
:
ultraviolet
B
(
UVB
)
,
photochemotherapy
(
PUVA
)
,
methotrexate
(
MTX
)
,
retinoids
(
RET
)
and
cyclosporin
A
(
CYA
)

Consequently
,
parenteral
nutrition
(
PN
)
solutions
used
to
treat
malnourished
patients
with
chronic
renal
failure
usually
are
prepared
with
little
supplementation
of
these
cations

PURPOSE
:
We
report
a
multicenter
experience
using
tubularized
incised
plate
urethroplastym
for
proximal
hypospadias

MATERIALS
AND
METHODS
:
From
August
1993
to
December
1996
tubularized
incised
plate
urethroplasty
was
performed
in
27
boys
6
months
to
3
years
old
with
mid
shaft
and
penoscrotal
hypospadias

RESULTS
:
Tubularized
incised
plate
surgery
created
a
functional
neourethra
even
in
penoscrotal
hypospadias

CONCLUSIONS
:
Tubularized
incised
plate
urethroplasty
is
a
versatile
operation
that
corrects
proximal
hypospadias
defects
with
few
complications
and
superior
cosmetic
results

<
TO_SEE
>
Intrapleural
injection
of
irradiated
LLC-IL2
cured
pre-existing
lung
LLC
tumors
and
extended
the
survival
of
the
mice
but
did
not
affect
survival
of
mice
with
pre-existing
peritoneal
tumors
nor
did
it
affect
the
growth
of
s.c.
tumors

<
TO_SEE
>
Intraperitoneal
injection
of
irradiated
LLC-IL2
cured
pre-existing
LLC
peritoneal
tumors
and
extended
the
survival
of
the
mice
but
did
not
affect
survival
of
mice
bearing
lung
tumors
nor
did
it
affect
the
growth
of
s.c.
tumors

Olanzapine
is
an
atypical
antipsychotic
effective
in
the
treatment
of
schizophrenic
patients

After
a
2-
to
9-day
placebo
lead-in
,
79
inpatients
with
schizophrenia
according
to
DSM-III-R
criteria
were
placed
on
an
olanzapine
dosage
of
10
mg/day
or
1
mg/day
for
up
to
6
weeks

Fludarabine
and
ara-C
successfully
eradicated
bone
marrow
disease
in
16
of
27
patients
(
59
%
)
,
23
patients
of
which
had
been
treated
previously
with
high-dose
ara-C

These
results
verified
the
synergistic
effect
fludarabine
exhibited
in
augmenting
ara-CTP
concentrations
in
patients
'
leukemic
blasts
,
thus
improving
the
clinical
response
in
relapsed
pediatric
leukemias

BACKGROUND
:
The
growing
use
of
heparin
in
acute
thrombotic
disorders
,
coupled
with
the
availability
of
many
new
antithrombotic
agents
,
emphasizes
the
need
for
adequate
characterization
of
the
platelet
effects
of
the
various
anticoagulants

METHODS
AND
RESULTS
:
Platelet
P-selectin
(
CD62
)
and
activated
GP
IIb/IIIa
(
PAC-1
)
expression
on
platelet
membrane
was
quantified
in
whole
blood
as
well
as
platelet
aggregation
in
platelet-rich
plasma
in
43
patients
with
unstable
angina
before
and
during
treatment
with
UFH
or
enoxaparin

PURPOSE
:
We
review
our
initial
experience
with
direct
percutaneous
transluminal
angioplasty
(
PTA
)
as
a
reperfusion
treatment
for
acute
occlusion
of
the
middle
cerebral
artery

Women
randomised
to
screen-and-treat
received
appropriate
antibiotics
only
if
screening
proved
positive
for
one
or
more
infection

<
TO_SEE
>
A
71-year-old
woman
with
autoimmune
hemolytic
anemia
underwent
an
emergency
endocardial
patch
repair
for
ventricular
septal
perforation
after
acute
myocardial
infarction

Use
of
washed
red
blood
cells
was
effective
in
averting
hemolytic
crisis
throughout
perioperative
period

<
TO_SEE
>
We
report
a
case
of
a
29-year-old
male
chronic
HBV
carrier
who
developed
fulminant
reactivated
HBV
infection
following
intensive
chemotherapy
for
stage
IVB
large
cell
B-cell
non-Hodgkin
's
lymphoma
associated
with
extensive
central
nervous
system
and
bone
marrow
involvement

We
advise
that
lamivudine
should
be
considered
during
intensive
chemotherapy
treatment
of
chronic
carriers
of
HBV

OBJECTIVES
:
The
purpose
of
this
analysis
was
to
determine
the
influence
of
an
additional
treatment
delay
inherent
in
transfer
to
an
angioplasty
center
for
primary
angioplasty
of
patients
with
acute
myocardial
infarction
who
are
first
admitted
to
hospitals
without
angioplasty
facilities

BACKGROUND
:
Several
randomized
trials
have
demonstrated
the
benefits
of
primary
angioplasty
in
acute
myocardial
infarction

The
results
of
several
clinical
investigations
showed
the
efficacy
and
safety
of
artichoke
extracts
(
Cynara
scolymus
L.
)
in
the
treatment
of
hepato-biliary
dysfunction
and
digestive
complaints
,
such
as
sensation
of
fullness
,
loss
of
appetite
,
nausea
and
abdominal
pain

Extracts
of
the
secondary
tubers
of
Devil
's
Claw
(
Harpagophytum
procumbens
)
are
recommended
for
the
supportive
treatment
of
degenerative
painful
rheumatism

The
current
dermatological
uses
of
hdIVIg
include
the
treatment
of
dermatomyositis
and
the
autoimmune
bullous
disorders
,
epidermolysis
bullosa
acquisita
,
pemphigoid
,
and
pemphigus

Unfortunately
,
current
dermatological
uses
of
hdIVIg
have
been
limited
to
either
uncontrolled
trials
or
anecdotal
case
reports
,
except
for
a
single
controlled
trial
of
hdIVIg
as
adjunctive
therapy
in
patients
with
dermatomyositis
,
which
documented
a
significant
benefit

OBJECTIVE
AND
IMPORTANCE
:
The
use
of
chronic
intrathecal
morphine
for
the
treatment
of
intractable
,
nonmalignant
pain
is
becoming
more
prevalent

<
TO_SEE
>
We
describe
a
patient
with
left
cardiac
herniation
presenting
after
intrapericardial
pulmonectomy
for
primary
lung
cancer

The
growing
use
of
automated
night-time
dialysis
(
APD
)
in
peritoneal
dialysis
over
the
last
few
years
shows
that
this
method
represents
a
valid
alternative
to
continuous
ambulatory
peritoneal
dialysis
(
CAPD
)

La
Serna
et
al
.
(
Lancet
1987
;
26
:
1517
)
were
the
first
to
treat
adults
with
recurrent
pericarditis
with
colchicine
,
and
were
followed
by
other
authors

Treatment
for
low-grade
NHL
during
the
past
30
yr
has
consisted
of
high-dose
radiation
and
cytotoxic
agents
,
administered
alone
or
in
combination
,
and
high-dose
therapy
with
stem
cell
transplant

However
,
recent
clinical
use
of
monoclonal
antibodies
(
mAbs
)
in
patients
with
low-grade
or
transformed
low-grade
NHL
has
resulted
in
less
toxicity
than
conventional
treatments
,
as
well
as
response
rates
that
are
comparable
or
superior
to
those
achieved
with
chemotherapy

CONCLUSION
:
The
treatment
paradigm
for
NHL
is
expected
to
change
over
the
next
few
years
to
include
radiolabeled
mAbs
,
administered
alone
or
in
combination
with
cytotoxic
agents

RESULTS
:
Clinical
trials
of
UFT
published
in
the
Western
world
have
included
581
patients
with
colorectal
cancer

CONCLUSION
:
Adrenal-sparing
surgery
is
safe
and
effective
,
and
may
become
the
treatment
of
choice
in
patients
with
hereditary
phaeochromocytoma

<
TO_SEE
>
PURPOSE
:
The
purposes
of
this
descriptive
,
longitudinal
study
were
to
evaluate
the
MacDibbs
Mouth
Assessment
instrument
for
the
assessment
of
mucositis
in
the
radiation
therapy
patient
being
treated
for
head
and
neck
cancer
and
to
describe
the
course
of
radiation-induced
mucositis
in
these
patients

<
TO_SEE
>
As
concomitant
thrombocytosis
persisted
despite
treatment
with
hydroxyurea
,
the
new
megakaryocyte
inhibitor
anagrelide
(
Agrelin
)
was
administered
and
led
to
normalization
of
the
platelet
count
within
11
days

Background
:
Troglitazone
is
a
new
drug
for
the
treatment
of
type
2
diabetes

<
TO_SEE
>
For
a
subset
of
patients
with
Kaposi
's
sarcoma
who
were
treated
with
recombinant
interferon
alfa-2a
,
the
disease
is
in
complete
remission
,
without
opportunistic
infection
,
and
they
appear
to
be
culture-negative
for
the
etiologic
retrovirus
that
causes
their
immune
deficiency

Interferon
alfa-2a
appears
to
have
antineoplastic
efficacy
,
(
and
may
have
antiretroviral
efficacy
as
well
)
in
this
epidemic
neoplasm

In
three
consecutive
Phase
II
trials
of
recombinant
interferon
alfa-2a
(
rIFN
alfa-2a
;
Roferon-A
Hoffmann-La
Roche
,
Nutley
,
NJ
)
involving
96
patients
with
advanced
malignant
melanoma
,
an
overall
response
rate
of
22
%
was
observed

Preliminary
evidence
suggests
that
interferons
beta
and
gamma
may
also
induce
regression
of
metastatic
renal
cell
carcinoma

Splenectomy
presumably
alleviates
the
pancytopenic
effect
of
hypersplenism
by
removing
the
preferred
site
of
leukemic
cell
proliferation

This
approach
is
being
extended
to
the
clinic
,
and
trials
are
now
underway
evaluating
combinations
of
interferon
and
various
cytotoxic
drugs
known
from
previous
studies
to
be
active
in
patients
with
low-grade
non-Hodgkin
's
lymphomas

The
data
resulting
from
these
clinical
trials
indicate
that
interferon
alfa-2a
is
effective
in
inducing
hematologic
remissions
in
the
majority
of
minimally
treated
,
benign-phase
CML
,
Ph1-positive
patients

More
than
1600
patients
with
neoplastic
disorders
have
received
recombinant
human
interferon
alfa-2a
(
Roferon-A
,
Hoffmann-La
Roche
,
Nutley
,
NJ
)
as
part
of
ongoing
or
completed
clinical
trials

PURPOSE
:
A
phase
I/II
trial
of
docetaxel
,
cisplatin
,
fluorouracil
(
5-FU
)
,
and
leucovorin
(
TPFL5
)
induction
chemotherapy
for
patients
with
locally
advanced
squamous
cell
carcinoma
of
the
head
and
neck
(
SCCHN
)

PATIENTS
AND
METHODS
:
Twenty-three
previously
untreated
patients
with
stage
III
or
IV
SCCHN
and
Eastern
Cooperative
Oncology
Group
functional
status
less
than
or
equal
to
2
were
treated
with
TPFL5

BACKGROUND
:
The
effectiveness
of
LTG
as
add-on
therapy
for
partial
seizures
in
adults
has
previously
been
established

CONCLUSIONS
:
We
conclude
that
LTG
is
effective
and
well
tolerated
when
administered
as
monotherapy
in
adult
patients
with
partial
seizures

BACKGROUND
:
Omega3
fatty
acids
may
inhibit
neuronal
signal
transduction
pathways
in
a
manner
similar
to
that
of
lithium
carbonate
and
valproate
,
2
effective
treatments
for
bipolar
disorder

The
present
study
was
performed
to
examine
whether
omega3
fatty
acids
also
exhibit
mood-stabilizing
properties
in
bipolar
disorder

CONCLUSION
:
Omega3
fatty
acids
were
well
tolerated
and
improved
the
short-term
course
of
illness
in
this
preliminary
study
of
patients
with
bipolar
disorder

Several
large-scale
trials
have
firmly
established
the
effectiveness
of
thrombolytic
therapy
,
beta
blockers
,
and
aspirin
in
the
treatment
of
AMI

<
TO_SEE
>
While
diastolic
left
ventricular
(
LV
)
dysfunction
is
frequent
and
associated
with
cardiovascular
complications
in
end-stage
renal
disease
treated
with
dialysis
,
controversial
information
exists
on
diastolic
LV
function
after
renal
transplantation

METHODS
:
Fluvastatin
40
mg
daily
was
administered
to
25
patients
with
hypercholesterolaemia
for
up
to
24
weeks

The
inhibitory
effect
of
n-3
polyunsaturated
fatty
acids
on
human
colorectal
cancer
has
been
speculated
on
from
epidemiological
data
and
animal
studies

Three
patients
with
FAP
and
two
patients
with
multiple
(
more
than
30
)
colorectal
polyps
were
administered
DHA-concentrated
fish
oil
capsules_Hlk427554600
(
2.2
g
of
DHA
and
0.6
g
of
eicosapentanoic
acid
(
EPA
)
per
day
)
for
one
or
two
years

<
TO_SEE
>
In
this
article
,
evidence
of
effectiveness
and
cost-effectiveness
of
the
following
procedures
is
reviewed
:
(
1
)
laser
treatment
of
bladder
tumors
;
(
2
)
extracorporeal
shock-wave
lithotripsy
and
percutaneous
nephrolithotomy
;
(
3
)
laparoscopic
treatment
of
endometriosis
;
(
4
)
laparoscopic
removal
of
ovarian
cysts
;
(
5
)
laparoscopic
cholecystectomy
;
(
6
)
laparoscopic
appendectomy
;
(
7
)
catheter
treatment
of
coronary
artery
disease
;
(
8
)
palliation
of
colon
cancer
by
endoscopic
intervention
;
(
9
)
treatment
of
upper
gastrointestinal
(
UGI
)
bleeding
by
endoscopic
intervention
;
and
(
10
)
arthroscopic
knee
surgery

Gene
therapy
of
malignant
brain
tumors

Randomised
trial
of
interferon
alpha2b
plus
ribavirin
for
48
weeks
or
for
24
weeks
versus
interferon
alpha2b
plus
placebo
for
48
weeks
for
treatment
of
chronic
infection
with
hepatitis
C
virus

Low-molecular-weight
heparin
for
immediate
management
of
thromboembolic
disease
in
pregnancy

The
effectiveness
of
acupuncture
in
treating
acute
dental
pain
:
a
systematic
review

Correction
of
cardiac
defects
through
a
right
thoracotomy
in
children

New
technique
for
mesh
repair
of
paracolostomy
hernias

Comprehensive
modified
diet
simplifies
nutrition
management
of
adults
with
short-bowel
syndrome

Extended
use
of
glatiramer
acetate
(
Copaxone
)
is
well
tolerated
and
maintains
its
clinical
effect
on
multiple
sclerosis
relapse
rate
and
degree
of
disability

Understanding
the
culture
of
prescribing
:
qualitative
study
of
general
practitioners
'
and
patients
'
perceptions
of
antibiotics
for
sore
throats

Steroid
delivery
in
croup

Direct
percutaneous
transluminal
angioplasty
for
acute
middle
cerebral
artery
occlusion

Magnesium
sulphate
for
the
control
of
spasms
in
severe
tetanus

Assessment
of
atrioventricular
junction
ablation
and
VVIR
pacemaker
versus
pharmacological
treatment
in
patients
with
heart
failure
and
chronic
atrial
fibrillation
:
a
randomized
,
controlled
study

Repair
of
ventral
hernias
with
expanded
polytetrafluoroethylene
patch

Spinal
manipulation
in
the
treatment
of
episodic
tension-type
headache
:
a
randomized
controlled
trial

Successful
treatment
with
lamivudine
for
fulminant
reactivated
hepatitis
B
infectioN
following
intensive
therapy
for
high-grade
non-Hodgkin
's
lymphoma

Influence
of
treatment
delay
on
infarct
size
and
clinical
outcome
in
patients
with
acute
myocardial
infarction
treated
with
primary
angioplasty

Should
patients
with
advanced
sarcomas
be
treated
with
chemotherapy
?

Plasma
exchange
and
tacrolimus-mycophenolate
rescue
for
acute
humoral
rejection
in
kidney
transplantation

Hyperbaric
oxygen
therapy
for
children
with
cerebral
palsy

Endoscopic
excision
of
a
forehead
mass

Is
conservative
surgery
for
tubal
pregnancy
preferable
to
salpingectomy
?
An
economic
analysis

Laparoscopic
cornuostomy
in
the
treatment
of
interstitial
pregnancy
with
subsequent
hysterosalpingography

Experimental
evaluation
of
the
use
of
recombinant
prourokinase
and
its
immobilized
forms
in
the
treatment
of
postoperative
fibrinoid
syndrome
in
ophthalmology

Is
there
a
rational
therapy
for
symptomatic
treatment
of
benign
prostatic
hyperplasia
with
phytogenic
drugs
?
Illustrated
with
the
example
of
the
prostate
agent
from
Serenoa
repens
(
Sabal
fructus
)

Pharmacological
and
clinical
effectiveness
of
a
fixed
phytogenic
combination
trembling
poplar
(
Populus
tremula
)
,
true
goldenrod
(
Solidago
virgaurea
)
and
ash
(
Fraxinus
excelsior
)
in
mild
to
moderate
rheumatic
complaints

Therapy
of
degenerative
diseases
of
the
musculoskeletal
system
with
South
African
devil
's
claw
(
Harpagophytum
procumbens
DC
)

Treatment
strategy
for
mucin-producing
intrahepatic
cholangiocarcinoma
:
value
of
percutaneous
transhepatic
biliary
drainage
and
cholangioscopy

Strategy
for
surgical
management
of
ileocolonic
anastomotic
recurrence
in
Crohn
's
disease

Prognostic
factors
in
patients
with
locally
advanced
rectal
adenocarcinoma
treated
with
preoperative
radiotherapy
and
surgery

Thoracic
surgery
for
hydatid
disease

Surgical
treatment
of
postpneumonic
empyema

Thoracoscopic
surgery
for
pulmonary
tuberculosis

Surgery
for
chronic
thromboembolic
pulmonary
hypertension

Surgical
treatment
for
lung
hydatid
disease

One-lung
ventilation
in
patients
with
difficult
airways

Sex
differences
in
the
use
of
asthma
drugs
:
cross
sectional
study

Adrenal-sparing
surgery
for
phaeochromocytoma

Laugier-Hunziker
syndrome
:
case
report
and
treatment
with
the
Q-switched
Nd-Yag
laser

Thoracoscopic
operation
for
secondary
pneumothorax
under
local
and
epidural
anesthesia
in
high-risk
patients

Troglitazone-induced
hepatic
failure
leading
to
liver
transplantation

A
modified
technique
of
tubeless
anaesthesia
for
microlaryngoscopy
and
bronchoscopy
in
young
children
with
stridor

A
randomized
trial
of
Lactobacillus
acidophilus
BG2FO4
to
treat
lactose
intolerance

Treatment
of
idiopathic
thrombopenic
purpura
in
adolescents
by
intravenous
immunoglobulin

Azithromycin
therapy
for
scrub
typhus
during
pregnancy

Three
consecutive
phase
II
studies
of
recombinant
interferon
alfa-2a
in
advanced
malignant
melanoma

Current
and
future
uses
of
recombinant
interferon
alpha
in
the
treatment
of
low-grade
non-Hodgkin
's
lymphoma

Recombinant
glycoprotein
vaccine
for
the
prevention
of
genital
HSV-2
infection
:
two
randomized
controlled
trials

Induction
chemotherapy
with
docetaxel
,
cisplatin
,
fluorouracil
,
and
leucovorin
for
squamous
cell
carcinoma
of
the
head
and
neck
:
a
phase
I/II
trial

Low-dose
steroids
reduce
flu-like
symptoms
at
the
initiation
of
IFNbeta-1b
in
relapsing-remitting
MS

Study
of
three
different
doses
of
epidural
neostigmine
coadministered
with
lidocaine
for
postoperative
analgesia

<
TO_SEE
>
Safety
of
intrathecal
sodium
nitroprusside
for
the
treatment
and
prevention
of
refractory
cerebral
vasospasm
and
ischemia
in
humans

The
effect
of
heliox
in
acute
severe
asthma
:
a
randomized
controlled
trial
.

Long-term
survival
of
patients
with
unresectable
colorectal
cancer
liver
metastases
following
infusional
chemotherapy
with
5-fluorouracil
,
leucovorin
,
oxaliplatin
and
surgery

<
TO_SEE
>
Fatal
acute
haemolysis
in
an
AIDS
patient
treated
with
lindinavir

A
simplified
laparoscopic
technique
for
mesh
placement
in
ventral
hernia
repair

Pharmacological
management
of
acute
myocardial
infarction

Mesenteric
venous
thrombosis
:
successful
treatment
by
intraarterial
lytic
therapy

Dipyridamole
plus
aspirin
in
cerebrovascular
disease

What
is
the
real
role
of
CD40
in
cancer
immunotherapy
?

The
effects
of
oral
liarozole
on
epidermal
proliferation
and
differentiation
in
severe
plaque
psoriasis
are
comparable
with
those
of
acitretin
.

Safety
and
potential
effectiveness
of
daunorubicin-containing
liposomes
in
patients
with
advanced
recurrent
malignant
CNS
tumors

An
experimental
application
of
gene
therapy
for
human
retinoblastoma

Surgical
approaches
to
pediatric
defecatory
disorders

Lutein
improves
visual
function
in
some
patients
with
retinal
degeneration
:
a
pilot
study
via
the
Internet

Drug
information
questions
and
answers
:
new
for
psoriasis
:
colchicine

IPPB
in
severe
pulmonary
emphysema
:
limited
applications

Long-term
mortality
in
patients
after
a
British
trial
of
anticoagulants
in
acute
myocardial
infarction

Our
results
in
the
surgical
treatment
of
habitual
shoulder
dislocation
with
special
reference
to
occupational
disability

Alkaline
phosphatase
in
neutrophil
leukocytes
of
patients
with
infectious
mononucleosis
and
the
effect
of
corticosteroid
therapy

Surgical
treatment
of
uterine
cervix
insufficiency
during
the
2d
trimester
of
pregnancy

The
use
of
quinidine
sulphate
for
the
treatment
of
atrial
fibrillation
in
twelve
horses

Synergism
in
the
chemotherapy
of
Eimeria
infections
of
chicks

The
single-place
caisson
in
the
treatment
of
decompression
accidents

Blood
volume
measurements
in
burn
therapy

Phenylbutazone
and
acute
leukemia
.

The
place
of
surgery
in
hypertrophic
obstructive
cardiomyopathy
(
idiopathic
hypertrophic
subaortic
stenosis
)

The
effects
of
social
class
and
friends
'
expectations
on
oral
polio
vaccination
participation

Interferon-alpha-2b
in
the
management
of
patients
with
relapsed
and/or
refractory
Hodgkin
's
disease

Effects
of
clomipramine
on
plasma
amino
acids
and
serotonergic
parameters
in
panic
disorder
and
depression
.

Thalidomide
for
aphthous
ulcers
in
HIV
infection

Aspirin
therapy
in
diabetes
mellitus

Combined
pancreas-/kidney
transplantation
as
a
standard
procedure
in
therapy
of
kidney
failure
in
type
I
diabetic
patients

Flutamide
plus
castration
in
patients
with
previously
untreated
prostate
cancer

The
immediate
effectiveness
of
electrical
nerve
stimulation
and
electrical
muscle
stimulation
on
myofascial
trigger
points

In
vitro
radiation-induced
apoptosis
and
tumour
response
to
radiotherapy
:
a
prospective
study
in
patients
with
non-Hodgkin
lymphomas
treated
by
low-dose
irradiation

Drug
therapy
for
coronary
heart
disease
:
the
Sheffield
table

Percutaneous
drainage
of
hydatid
cysts

Surgery
for
ectopia
lentis

High-dose
chemotherapy
with
autologous
hematopoietic
stem-cell
support
for
breast
cancer
in
North
America

Is
concomitant
radiotherapy
and
chemotherapy
superior
to
optimal
radiotherapy
alone
in
anal
cancer
?

Standard
versus
high-dose
therapy
in
10+
breast
cancer

Anal
continence
after
surgery
for
rectal
prolapse

Aspirin
therapy
for
cardiovascular
disease

Dosing
of
amoxicillin/clavulanate
for
treatment
of
lower
respiratory
tract
infection

Pharmacoeconomic
analysis
of
ampicillin-sulbactam
versus
cefoxitin
in
the
treatment
of
intraabdominal
infections

New
therapies
for
severe
meningococcal
disease

<
TO_SEE
>
Jaw
clenching
following
Gamma
Knife
treatment
for
trigeminal
neuralgia

The
protective
effect
of
condoms
and
nonoxynol-9
against
HIV
infection

Evaluation
of
adjuvant
psychological
therapy
in
patients
with
testicular
cancer
:
randomised
controlled
trial

The
effect
of
an
endothelin-receptor
antagonist
,
bosentan
,
on
blood
pressure
in
patients
with
essential
hypertension
.

Guidelines
for
the
use
of
antiretroviral
agents
in
HIV
-infected
adults
and
adolescents

Long-term
therapy
with
long-acting
octreotide
(
Sandostatin-LAR
)
for
the
management
of
acromegaly

Montelukast
,
a
leukotriene-receptor
antagonist
,
for
the
treatment
of
mild
asthma
and
exercise-induced
bronchoconstriction

Atypical
antipsychotic
agents
in
the
treatment
of
Schizophrenia
and
other
psychiatric
disorders

Esophageal
intubation
for
palliative
treatment
in
advanced
carcinoma
of
the
esophagus
and
cardia

Pathological
staging
and
biochemical
recurrence
after
neoadjuvant
androgen
deprivation
therapy
in
combination
with
radical
prostatectomy
in
clinically
localized
prostate
cancer

How
often
does
surgery
for
peptic
ulceration
eradicate
Helicobacter
pylori
?
Systematic
review
of
36
studies

A
comparison
of
noninvasive
positive-pressure
ventilation
and
conventional
mechanical
ventilation
in
patients
with
acute
respiratory
failure

Long-term
safety
and
effectiveness
of
iron-chelation
therapy
with
deferiprone
for
thalassemia
major

Positron
emission
tomography
in
assessing
response
to
neoadjuvant
chemotherapy
for
non-small-cell
lung
cancer

Reconstruction
of
thoracic
wall
defects
after
tumor
resection
using
a
polytetrafluoroethylene
soft
tissue
(
Gore-Tex
)
patch

Effect
of
long-term
salmeterol
treatment
on
exercise-induced
asthma

Randomized
trial
of
intensive
cyclophosphamide
,
epirubicin
,
and
fluorouracil
chemotherapy
compared
with
cyclophosphamide
,
methotrexate
,
and
fluorouracil
in
premenopausal
women
with
node-positive
breast
cancer

Acute
effect
of
lorazepam
on
respiratory
muscles
in
patients
with
chronic
obstructive
pulmonary
disease

Low-molecular-weight
heparins
in
the
treatment
of
venous
thromboembolism

For
how
long
should
antipsychotic
medication
be
continued
after
the
first
psychotic
episode
in
schizophrenics
?

IDA-FLAG
(
idarubicin
,
fludarabine
,
cytarabine
,
G-CSF
)
,
an
effective
remission-induction
therapy
for
poor-prognosis
AML
of
childhood
prior
to
allogeneic
or
autologous
bone
marrow
transplantation
:
experiences
of
a
phase
II
trial

<
TO_SEE
>
Effects
of
anal
invasive
treatment
and
incontinence
on
mental
health
and
psychosocial
functioning
of
adolescents
with
Hirshsprung
's
disease
and
low
anorectal
anomalies

Ten-year
disease
free
survival
after
transperineal
sonography-guided
iodine-125
brachytherapy
with
or
without
45-Gray
external
beam
irradiation
in
the
treatment
of
patients
with
clinically
localized
,
low
to
high
Gleason
grade
prostate
carcinoma

Partial
or
near
total
pancreatectomy
for
persistent
neonatal
hyperinsulinaemic
hypoglycaemia
:
the
pathologist
's
role

Radical
prostatectomy
for
prostate
cancer
:
the
perineal
approach
increases
the
risk
of
surgically
induced
positive
margins
and
capsular
incisions

Open
capsulorrhaphy
with
suture
anchors
for
recurrent
anterior
dislocation
of
the
shoulder

Randomised
trial
of
irinotecan
versus
fluorouracil
by
continuous
infusion
after
fluorouracil
failure
in
patients
with
metastatic
colorectal
cancer

The
effectiveness
of
intraocular
pressure
reduction
in
the
treatment
of
normal-tension
glaucoma

Lignocaine
or
bupivacaine
for
digital
ring
block

Steroids
in
lateral
epicondylitis

Steroids
in
De
Quervain
's
tenosynovitis

Immobilisation
after
first
anterior
shoulder
dislocation

Anticytokine
therapy
--
a
new
era
in
the
treatment
of
rheumatoid
arthritis
?

Control
of
the
malignant
hyperpyrexic
syndrome
in
MHS
swine
by
dantrolene
sodium

Low-dose
clozapine
for
the
treatment
of
drug-induced
psychosis
in
Parkinson
's
disease

Comparing
the
efficacy
and
safety
of
fluoxetine
and
venlafaxine
in
outpatient
depression

Cost-effectiveness
of
interferon
treatment
for
hepatitis
C

Multicentre
clinical
evaluation
of
vigabatrin
(
Sabril
)
in
mild
to
moderate
partial
epilepsies

High
dose
cyclophosphamide
with
carboplatin
:
a
tolerable
regimen
suitable
for
dose
intensification
in
children
with
solid
tumors

Microsurgical
treatment
of
supratentorial
cavernous
malformations

Microsurgical
treatment
of
infratentorial
malformations

Stereotactic
radiosurgery
for
management
of
deep
brain
cavernous
malformations

Interferon-antibodies
and
the
breakthrough
phenomenon
during
ribavirin/interferon-alpha
combination
therapy
and
interferon-alpha
monotherapy
of
patients
with
chronic
hepatitis
C

Treatment
of
Barrett
esophagus
with
argon
plasma
coagulation
with
acid
suppression
--
a
prospective
study

Meta-analysis
of
typhoid
vaccine
efficacy
trials
showed
that
whole
cell
vaccines
are
more
effective
than
either
the
oral
,
attenuated
vaccine
or
the
Vi
polysaccharide
vaccine

Experimental
vaccination
against
Mycoplasma
agalactiae
using
different
inactivated
vaccines

Immunogenicity
of
three
Haemophilus
influenzae
type
b
protein
conjugate
vaccines
in
HIV
seropositive
adults
and
analysis
of
predictors
of
vaccine
response

Vaccination
against
Schistosoma
mansoni
infection
using
74
kDa
Schistosoma
protein
antigen

Phase
1
safety
and
immune
response
studies
of
a
DNA
vaccine
encoding
hepatitis
B
surface
antigen
delivered
by
a
gene
delivery
device

Intranasal
immunization
with
Chlamydia
trachomatis
,
serovar
E
,
protects
from
a
subsequent
vaginal
challenge
with
the
homologous
serovar

Mutants
of
cholera
toxin
as
an
effective
and
safe
adjuvant
for
nasal
influenza
vaccine

Echocardiography-guided
ethanol
septal
reduction
for
hypertrophic
obstructive
cardiomyopathy

Comparison
of
the
effects
of
salmeterol
and
ipratropium
bromide
on
exercise
performance
and
breathlessness
in
patients
with
stable
chronic
obstructive
pulmonary
disease
.

Double
blind
,
cluster
randomised
trial
of
low
dose
supplementation
with
vitamin
A
or
beta
carotene
on
mortality
related
to
pregnancy
in
Nepal
.

Medical
treatments
for
balding
in
men

Carbon
monoxide
poisoning
treated
with
hyperbaric
oxygen
:
metabolic
acidosis
as
a
predictor
of
treatment
requirements

Medication
received
by
patients
with
depression
following
the
acute
episode
:
adequacy
and
relation
to
outcome

<
TO_SEE
>
Reduced
bone
density
at
completion
of
chemotherapy
for
a
malignancy

<
TO_SEE
>
Surgical-site
complications
associated
with
a
morphine
nerve
paste
used
for
postoperative
pain
control
after
laminectomy

Splenectomy
during
pregnancy
:
an
option
in
the
treatment
of
autoimmune
thrombocytopenic
purpura

Melatonin
treatment
of
sleep-wake
cycle
disorders
in
children
and
adolescents

Randomized
phase
II
study
of
the
neurokinin
1
receptor
antagonist
CJ-11
,
974
in
the
control
of
cisplatin-induced
emesis

Cataract
surgery
and
its
effect
on
intraocular
pressure

New
vaccine
targets
childhood
pneumonia

A
comparison
of
botulinum
toxin
and
nitroglycerin
ointment
for
chronic
anal
fissure

Early
surgical
treatment
for
supratentorial
intracerebral
hemorrhage
:
a
randomized
feasibility
study

Evaluation
of
clomipramine
as
an
adjunct
to
behavioural
therapy
in
the
treatment
of
separation-related
problems
in
dogs

NICE
to
rule
on
influenza
flu
drug
zanamivir

<
TO_SEE
>
Longitudinal
melanonychia
associated
with
hydroxyurea
therapy
in
a
patient
with
essential
thrombocytosis

Biologic
markers
as
predictors
of
clinical
outcome
from
systemic
therapy
for
primary
operable
breast
cancer

Postoperative
peritonitis
originating
from
the
duodenum
:
operative
management
by
intubation
and
continuous
intraluminal
irrigation

<
TO_SEE
>
Pompholyx
(
vesicular
eczema
)
after
i.v
.
immunoglobulin
therapy
for
neurologic
disease

Mitomycin
,
ifosfamide
,
and
cisplatin
in
unresectable
non-small-cell
lung
cancer
:
effects
on
survival
and
quality
of
life
.

Waiting
for
the
definitive
trial
of
hepatic
arterial
chemotherapy
for
colorectal
cancer

Phase
III
randomized
study
of
cisplatin
versus
paclitaxel
versus
cisplatin
and
paclitaxel
in
patients
with
suboptimal
stage
III
or
IV
ovarian
cancer
:
a
gynecologic
oncology
group
study

Treatment
of
Parkinson
's
disease
should
begin
with
a
dopamine
agonist

<
TO_SEE
>
Ulceration
in
an
ileocolic
anastomosis
treated
with
ranitidin

Low-molecular-weight
heparin
vs
heparin
in
the
treatment
of
patients
with
pulmonary
embolism

Radiotherapy
in
breast-conserving
treatment
for
ductal
carcinoma
in
situ
:
first
results
of
the
EORTC
randomised
phase
III
trial
10853

Methadone
maintenance
vs
180-day
psychosocially
enriched
detoxification
for
treatment
of
opioid
dependence
:
a
randomized
controlled
trial

Cryogen
spray
cooling
during
Nd
:
YAG
laser
treatment
of
hemangiomas

Gene
therapy
for
cancer

Therapeutic
effects
of
LDL
apheresis
in
the
prevention
of
atherosclerosis

Cell-based
vaccination
against
melanoma
--
background
,
preliminary
results
,
and
perspective

Mesh
plug
repair
and
groin
hernia
surgery

Ticarcillin/clavulanate
versus
imipenem/cilistatin
for
the
treatment
of
infections
associated
with
gangrenous
and
perforated
appendicitis

Is
zero
dose
oral
polio
vaccine
effective
in
preterm
babies
?

An
economic
analysis
of
different
strategies
of
immunization
against
hepatitis
A
virus
in
developed
countries

Issues
and
challenges
with
antithrombotic
therapy
in
diabetic
patients
with
acute
coronary
syndromes

Global
risk
assessment
for
lipid
therapy
to
prevent
coronary
heart
disease

The
role
of
fibric
acid
derivatives
in
the
secondary
prevention
of
coronary
heart
disease

Rationale
for
the
use
of
antiplatelet
drugs
in
patients
with
peripheral
vascular
disease

The
fluoroquinolones
for
urinary
tract
infections
:
a
review

Pelvic
floor
stimulation
in
the
treatment
of
adult
urinary
incontinence

Chronic
vagus
nerve
stimulation
for
treatment
of
seizures

Special
report
:
comparative
efficacy
of
different
types
of
pneumatic
compression
pumps
for
the
treatment
of
lymphedema

Special
report
:
pressure-reducing
support
surfaces
in
the
prevention
and
treatment
of
pressure
ulcers
:
group
1
technologies

External
counterpulsation
for
treatment
of
chronic
stable
angina
pectoris

Intra-articular
hyaluronan
injections
for
treatment
of
osteoarthritis
of
the
knee

Pneumococcal
vaccine
:
a
second
look